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Metal oxide modified biochars for fertile soil management: Effects on soil phosphorus transformation, enzyme activity, microbe community, and plant growth

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Environmental Research 2023年第Part3期231卷 116258页

作者： Peng, Yutao Chen, Qing Guan, Chung-Yu Yang, Xiao Jiang, Xiaoqian Wei, Mi Tan, Jinfang Li, Xiaoyun School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Guangzhou518107 China Modern Agricultural Innovation Center Henan Institute of Sun Yat-sen University China Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention Control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China Department of Environmental Engineering National Ilan University Yilan260 Taiwan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

Metal oxide modified biochars are increasingly being used for intensive agricultural soil remediation, but there has been limited research on their effects on soil phosphorus transformation, soil enzyme activity, microbe community and plant growth. Two highly-performance metal oxides biochars (FeAl-biochar and MgAl-biochar) were investigated for their effects on soil phosphorus availability, fractions, enzyme activity, microbe community and plant growth in two typical intensive fertile agricultural soils. Adding raw biochar to acidic soil increased NH4Cl–P content, while metal oxide biochar reduced NH4Cl–P content by binding to phosphorus. Original biochar slightly reduced Al–P content in lateritic red soil, while metal oxide biochar increased it. LBC and FBC significantly reduced Ca2–P and Ca8–P properties while improving Al–P and Fe–P, respectively. Inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria increased in abundance with biochar amendment in both soil types, and biochar addition affected soil pH and phosphorus fractions, leading to changes in bacterial growth and community structure. Biochar's microporous structure allowed it to adsorb phosphorus and aluminum ions, making them more available for plants and reducing leaching. In calcareous soils, biochar additions may dominantly increase the Ca (hydro)oxides bounded P or soluble P instead of Fe–P or Al–P through biotic pathways, favoring plant growth. The recommendations for using metal oxides biochar for fertile soil management include using LBC biochar for optimal performance in both P leaching reduction and plant growth promotion, with the mechanisms differing depending on soil type. This research highlights the potential of metal oxide modified biochars for improving soil fertility and reducing phosphorus leaching, with specific recommendations for their use in different soil types. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Enzyme activity

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Temperature variations evidenced by records on the latest spring snowing dates in Hangzhou of eastern China during 1131–1270AD

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第10期30卷 1664-1680页

作者： LIU Haolong DAI Junhu YAN Junhui HE Fanneng GE Quansheng MU Chongxing Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China The College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000HenanChina The Taizhou Meteorological Bureau Taizhou 318000ZhejiangChina

We collected and verified documentary records of the latest spring snowing dates(LSSD)in Hangzhou during Southern Song ***,the statistical correlation between this proxy and February–April mean temperature in Hangzhou was examined,and samples later than the perennial mean of the LSSD during Southern Song Dynasty were transformed into the decadal mean of LSSD by means of Boltzmann *** characteristics of this reconstructed LSSD series with a 10-year temporal resolution was analyzed,and it was also compared with other documentary evidences and reconstructed climate series in China for the period 1131–*** results and discussion suggested that:(1)Records of the LSSD in Hangzhou during Southern Song Dynasty did not refer to ice pellets and graupels,which had an explicit climate significance(–0.34℃/10 d,R2=0.37,p<0.001).However,when this proxy is used to reconstruct temperature changes,all dates should be converted into proleptic Gregorian style and meet the same criterion of"true Qi"as the Chinese traditional calendar after 1929.(2)The decadal mean of LSSD can be effectively estimated by using the forefront of LSSD in the decade on the basis of Boltzmann function,whose extrapolation has a lesser uncertainty than those on the basis of linear models or polynomial models.(3)The spring climate in Hangzhou during 1131–1270 was almost as warm as the period 1951–*** the centennial scale,this period can be divided into two phases:the cold 1131–1170 and the warm 1171–*** the latter,1181–1200 and 1221–1240 were two cold intervals at the multi-decadal scale.(4)The reconstructed LSSD series was consistent well with other documentary evidences and reconstructed climate series in China for 1131–1270,which may reflect the influence on the climate over most regions of China imposed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).

关键词： Southern Song Dynasty Hangzhou the latest spring snowing dates climatic significance general characteristics of temperature variation

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A Spatial Analysis of Urban Color Harmony in Five Global Metropolises

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2022年第2期13卷 238-246页

作者： CHEN Naige XU Xiaofan TAN Minghong WANG Xianming Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China International College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Heze Shandong 274000China

Harmonious urban color can reduce urban light pollution,relieve the urban heat island effect,improve the living quality and form a distinctive ***,due to the manifold architectural styles,urban color in metropolises typically becomes complicated,which may destroy the color harmony of *** to now,there has not been enough research on the quantitative expression of the degree of color harmony,and the research on comparing the urban color characteristics of different metropolises is also relatively *** paper firstly developed a method to quantitatively measure the degrees of color harmony(DCHs)of five metropolises in 2020:London,Tokyo,Chicago,Paris,and Beijing,by writing a Python program and using the Sentinel-2 A remote sensing *** buffers were then used to analyze the spatial distribution of the DCHs within each *** addition,20 typical samples were selected to analyze the differences of the DCHs between residential and industrial *** results showed that:(1)The values of the DCHs of London and Tokyo were the highest,followed by Chicago and Paris,while Beijing was the lowest.(2)The values of the DCHs were increasing from the inside out in Chicago,Paris,and London,while those in Beijing and Tokyo were decreasing.(3)The values of the DCHs in industrial areas were much lower than in residential *** on the above results,policy implications are provided for color management of these ***,this study may provide a method for the rapid analysis the DCHs for other metropolises.

关键词： spatial analysis urban color harmony global metropolis cityscape

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Historical trends and future projections of compound cloudy-rainy events during the global winter wheat harvest phase

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Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2025年 371卷

作者： Gao, Xuan Dong, Jinwei Zhou, Sha Tao, Fulu Zhao, Dongsheng Zhang, Xi Zhang, Qiang Chen, Ziwei Ge, Quansheng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Compound cloudy-rainy events (CCREs), characterized by prolonged rainfall and extensive cloud cover, when occurring during the harvest phase, could adversely affect the drying, harvesting, and transportation of mature grains, and even lead to grain mold and sprouting. However, existing studies have focused more on the growth phases, while trends in CCREs during the harvest phase have been largely undocumented. Here we investigated the spatial-temporal variations of CCREs during the harvest phase of winter wheat globally for the historical (1985–2022) and future (2015–2074) periods. Our results reveal a significant decrease in CCREs during the winter wheat harvest phase on a global scale across the two periods. Spatially, reduced cloudy-rainy days cover about 60 % of the winter wheat-producing area. Additionally, the trend patterns of CCREs exhibit considerable spatial heterogeneity. Specifically, pronounced increases are primarily located in eastern North America, western Europe, and eastern Asia, where agricultural mechanization levels are higher. Meanwhile, the asynchronous trends between cloudy days and rainy days lead to spatial variability in the underlying causes of the observed increases in CCREs across these regions. Overall, the results of this study provide novel insights into agricultural climate mitigation and adaptation for global food security. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Climate change Compound cloudy-rainy events Harvest phase Winter wheat

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Near-real-time global gridded daily CO_(2) emissions

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The Innovation 2022年第1期3卷 9-16页

作者： Xinyu Dou Yilong Wang Philippe Ciais Frédéric Chevallier Steven J.Davis Monica Crippa Greet Janssens-Maenhout Diego Guizzardi Efisio Solazzo Feifan Yan Da Huo Bo Zheng Biqing Zhu Duo Cui Piyu Ke Taochun Sun Hengqi Wang Qiang Zhang Pierre Gentine Zhu Deng Zhu Liu Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSLCEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-YvetteFrance Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Precise and high-resolution carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission data is of great importance in achieving carbon neutrality around the *** we present for the first time the near-real-time Global Gridded Daily CO_(2)Emissions Dataset(GRACED)from fossil fuel and cement production with a global spatial resolution of 0.1°by 0.1°and a temporal resolution of 1 *** fossil emissions are computed for different sectors based on the daily national CO_(2)emissions from near-real-time dataset(Carbon Monitor),the spatial patterns of point source emission dataset Global Energy Infrastructure Emissions Database(GID),Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research(EDGAR),and spatiotemporal patters of satellite nitrogen dioxide(NO2)*** study on the global CO_(2)emissions responds to the growing and urgent need for high-quality,fine-grained,near-real-time CO_(2)emissions estimates to support global emissions monitoring across various spatial *** the spatial patterns of emission changes for power,industry,residential consumption,ground transportation,domestic and international aviation,and international shipping sectors from January 1,2019,to December 31,*** gives thorough insights into the relative contributions from each ***,it provides the most up-to-date and fine-grained overview of where and when fossil CO_(2)emissions have decreased and rebounded in response to emergencies(e.g.,coronavirus disease 2019[COVID-19])and other disturbances of human activities of any previously published *** the world recovers from the pandemic and decarbonizes its energy systems,regular updates of this dataset will enable policymakers to more closely monitor the effectiveness of climate and energy policies and quickly adapt.

关键词： dioxide emissions aviation

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Potential reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through dietary structure changes and guidelines for environmental sustainability

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Environmental Impact Assessment Review 2025年 115卷

作者： Zhang, Fan Du, Yiqiong Deng, Xiangzheng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Loess Plateau Shanxi University Taiyuan China

Changes in residents' dietary patterns significantly influence both dietary consumption and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. Based on IPCC guidelines and input-output analysis, this study assess the spatiotemporal characteristics of GHGs emissions across different age groups, genders, and urban-rural regions. Furthermore, we simulate the potential for GHGs emissions reduction under five food substitution scenarios by 2050. The results indicate that the 15–64 age group emits approximately four times more GHGs emissions than other age groups, while urban areas emit about twice as much as rural areas. Among the scenarios, adopting a Mediterranean dietary structure to fill protein gaps leads to the lowest GHGs emissions, with an estimated reduction of 533.89 Mt. CO₂eq by 2050. These findings suggest that adjusting sustainable dietary structures should be tailored to specific contexts, with a focus on substituting meat consumption with high-protein, low-carbon alternatives. This study provides insights for optimizing dietary structures and formulating policies aimed at reducing GHGs emissions associated with dietary consumption. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions

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Natural Factors Play a Dominant Role in the Short-Distance Transmission of Pine Wilt Disease

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Yanqing Huang, Jixia Wu, Jin Zong, Shixiang Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Research Area of Ecology and Biodiversity School for Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is regarded as one of the most serious conifer diseases affecting pines worldwide. Past research on the spread of pine wilt nematodes (PWNs, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) can provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of PWD in forests and reduce the ecological and economic losses caused by PWD. To date, an in-depth study of the driving mechanisms behind short-distance PWD spread is lacking. In this study, we collected PWD forest subcompartment data in Fushun, China, and analysed the roles of natural and human factors on the short-distance transmission of PWD;the analysed factors included the number of neighbouring PWD-infected forest subcompartments, the canopy density, the slope aspect and different traffic corridor levels. The results suggested that natural factors dominated the short-distance transmission of PWD, contributing 84% of the observed spread, while human factors contributed 16%. Among the analysed natural factors, the spatial spill-over effect of nearby PWD-infected subcompartments contributed the most to short-distance PWD transmission. With the help of a beetle medium, PWD can spread to nearby forest subcompartments, and this spatial PWD spill-over effect showed a linearly decaying trend as the distance to neighbouring subcompartments increased. Different traffic corridor levels exhibited significant PWD transmission force differences. County roadways and highways had great impacts, while other traffic corridors had relatively small impacts. For each additional 1 km of distance from a county roadway, highway, national or provincial roadway, the PWD infection risks in forest subcompartments were reduced by 16%, 12%, 5% and 3%, respectively. In this study, we quantified the influence of natural and human factors on the short-distance spread of PWD and provided a theoretical basis for the control of PWD transmission;the results obtained herein are critical for maintaining the ecological security of forests, promo

关键词： Human engineering

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Agent-based model of land system:Theory,application and modelling framework

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第10期30卷 1555-1570页

作者： DAI Erfu MA Liang YANG Weishi WANG Yahui YIN Le TONG Miao Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Land change science has become an interdisciplinary research direction for understanding human-natural coupling *** a process-oriented modelling approach,agent based model(ABM)plays an important role in revealing the driving forces of land change and understanding the process of land *** paper starts from three aspects:The theory,application and modeling framework of ***,we summarize the theoretical basis of ABM and introduce some related *** we expound the application and development of ABM in both urban land systems and agricultural land systems,and further introduce the case study of a model on Grain for Green Program in Hengduan Mountainous region,*** the basis of combing the ABM modeling protocol,we propose the land system ABM modeling framework and process from the perspective of *** terms of urban land use,ABM research initially focused on the study of urban expansion based on landscape,then expanded to issues like urban residential separation,planning and zoning,ecological functions,*** terms of agricultural land use,ABM application presents more diverse and individualized *** topics include farmers’behavior,farmers’decision-making,planting systems,agricultural policy,*** to traditional models,ABM is more complex and difficult to generalize beyond specific context since it relies on local knowledge and ***,due to its unique bottom-up model structure,ABM has an indispensable role in exploring the driving forces of land change and also the impact of human behavior on the environment.

关键词： land system land use land change science land change model agent-based model modeling framework

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Based on improved joint detection and tracking of UAV for multi-target detection of livestock

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Heliyon 2024年第19期10卷 e38316页

作者： Shen, Peng Wang, Fulong Luo, Wei Zhao, Yongxiang Li, Lin Zhang, Guoqing Zhu, Yuchen North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang 065000 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Aerospace Remote Sensing Information Processing and Application Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Province Langfang 065000 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Cycling and Eco-Geological Processes Xiamen 361021 China Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Science Shijiazhuang 050061 China

In agriculture, specifically livestock monitoring, drones' ability to track multiple targets is essential for advancing the field. However, limited computing resources and unpredictable drone movements often cause issues like ambiguous video frames, object obstructions, and size deviations. These inconsistencies reduce tracking accuracy, making traditional algorithms inadequate for handling drone footage. This study introduces an enhanced deep learning-based multi-target drone tracker framework that enables real-time processing. The proposed method combines object detection and tracking by leveraging consecutive frame pairs to extract and share features, enhancing computational efficiency. It employs diverse loss functions to address class and sample distribution imbalances and includes a composite deblurring module to enhance detection accuracy. Object association utilizes a dual regress bounding box technique, aiding in object identification verification and predictive motion. Live tracking is achieved by predicting object locations in subsequent frames, enabling real-time tracking. Evaluation against leading benchmarks shows that the system improves precision and speed, achieving a 4.3 % increase in Multi-Object Tracking Accuracy (MOTA) and a 7.7 % boost in F1 score. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Animal monitoring Multi-object detection UAV

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Unveiling Amplified Cooling Effect from Increased Rice Paddy Coverage in Northeast China: Insights from a Decomposed Temperature Metric Analysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Tong Dong, Jinwei Wang, Jie Zhang, Chao Liu, Wenqi Zhou, Yuting Zhang, Geli College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China Department of Geography Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States

Massive rice paddy expansion in Northeastern China has been documented to change land surface temperature (LST) through both biophysical and biochemical mechanisms. However, the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of the effects on LST, the changes along with the rice paddy proportion, and the detailed biophysical mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we analyzed the differences in LST (dLST), albedo (dAlbedo), and ET (dET) between rice paddy and adjacent dryland, using the "space-for-time" and pair-wise comparison approach based on surface parameter datasets and 10-m crop type maps in 2019. Our results showed that rice paddy expansion reduced the daytime LST (-2.02 ± 1.03℃) and albedo (-1.02 ± 1.07%) but increased the nighttime LST (0.76 ± 0.41℃) and ET (0.03 ± 1.20 mm/8 days) in Northeastern China during the growing season (May to September). The effects were stronger in spring than in summer and autumn. Spatially, Sanjiang Plain showed a daytime cooling effect in late months and a nighttime warming effect in earlier months than other regions. For every one percent increase in the proportion of rice paddies, the daytime dLST decreased by -1.32 ℃, nighttime dLST increased by 0.48 ℃, dAlbedo decreased by 0.64%, while dET showed no significant change. Further, we found that sensible heat flux and latent heat flux alternatively varied and dominated the cooling effects in the growing season. These results emphasized that spatial heterogeneity and intrinsic biophysical mechanisms of land cover changes should be considered in model simulations of land cover changes, crop plantation plans, and regional climate mitigation strategies. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solar radiation

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