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Rural land use transition of mountainous areas and policy implications for land consolidation in China

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第10期29卷 1713-1730页

作者： ZHANG Bailin SUN Piling JIANG Guanghui ZHANG Ruijuan GAO Jiangbo School of Economics and Management Tianjin Polytechnic UniversityTianjin 300387 China School of Geography and Tourism Qufu Normal UniversityRizhao 276826 Shandong China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology School of Natural ResourcesFaculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101 China

The cultivation of mountainous land results in water loss and soil erosion. With rapid urbanization and industrialization in China, labor emigration relieves the cultivation of mountainous areas in regions with high poverty and leads to a significant land use transition. This research built an analysis framework for 'land use transition – driving mechanism – effects –responses' for mountainous areas of China undergoing land use transition and then proposed the direction of mountainous land consolidation. The results showed that the turning point of land use morphology was the core of rural land use transition in mountainous areas. The expansion of cropland and the contraction of forestland have transitioned to the abandonment of cropland and the expansion of forestland;this transition was the main characteristic of the dominant land use change. Land marginalization and land ecological functional recovery were the main characteristics of the recessive land use transition in mountainous areas. Socioeconomic factors were the primary driving forces during land use transition in mountainous areas, with labor emigration being the most direct force. The rising costs of farming and the challenging living conditions causing labor emigration were fundamental driving forces. Rural land use transition in mountainous areas reduced the vulnerability of the ecological function of land ecosystems. The advantages and disadvantages of the socioeconomic effects should focus on rural development of mountainous areas as well as the livelihood of farmers;this should be further supported by empirical and quantitative research. Rural land use transition of mountainous areas improves natural restoration and is related to socioeconomic development. Rural land consolidation of mountainous areas should conform to land use transition,with the goal of shifting from the increase of cultivated land to the synergies of ecological and environmental protection.

关键词： land use transition driving force effect land consolidation mountainous area

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Carbon Monitor Europe, near-real-time daily CO2 emissions for 27 EU countries and the United Kingdom

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ke, Piyu Deng, Zhu Zhu, Biqing Zheng, Bo Wang, Yilong Boucher, Olivier Arous, Simon Ben Zhou, Chuanlong Dou, Xinyu Sun, Taochun Li, Zhao Yan, Feifan Cui, Duo Hu, Yifan Da Huo Pierre, Jean Engelen, Richard Davis, Steven J. Ciais, Philippe Liu, Zhu Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université CNRS Paris France Kayrros 33 Rue La Fayette Paris75009 France Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l’Environnement LSCE Orme de Merisiers Gif-surYvette91191 France Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040 China CITEPA 42 Rue de Paradis Paris75010 France European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ReadingRG2 9AX United Kingdom Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232 Croul Hall IrvineCA92697-3100 United States

With the urgent need to implement the EU countries pledges and to monitor the effectiveness of Green Deal plan, Monitoring Reporting and Verification tools are needed to track how emissions are changing for all the sectors. Current official inventories only provide annual estimates of national CO2 emissions with a lag of 1+ year which do not capture the variations of emissions due to recent shocks including COVID lockdowns and economic rebounds, war in Ukraine. Here we present a near-real-time country-level dataset of daily fossil fuel and cement emissions from January 2019 through December 2021 for 27 EU countries and UK, which called Carbon Monitor Europe. The data are calculated separately for six sectors: power, industry, ground transportation, domestic aviation, international aviation and residential. Daily CO2 emissions are estimated from a large set of activity data compiled from different sources. The goal of this dataset is to improve the timeliness and temporal resolution of emissions for European countries, to inform the public and decision makers about current emissions changes in Europe. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Carbon

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Corrigendum to "Potentially toxic elements exposure biomonitoring in the elderly around the largest polymetallic rare earth ore mining and smelting area in China" [Sci. Total Environ. 853 (2022) 158635]

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The Science of the total environment 2024年 926卷 172174页

作者： Lijun Dai Lingqing Wang Xiaoming Wan Jun Yang Yong Wang Tao Liang Hocheol Song Sabry M Shaheen Vasileios Antoniadis Jörg Rinklebe Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Wuppertal School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute of Foundation Engineering Water- and Waste-Management Soil- and Groundwater-Management Pauluskirchstraße 7 42285 Wuppertal Germany. Electronic address: wanglq@***. Department of Environment Department of Environment and Energy Sejong University Seoul 05006 Republic of Korea. University of Wuppertal School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute of Foundation Engineering Water- and Waste-Management Soil- and Groundwater-Management Pauluskirchstraße 7 42285 Wuppertal Germany King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Meteorology Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Department of Arid Land Agriculture 21589 Jeddah Saudi Arabia University of Kafrelsheikh Faculty of Agriculture Department of Soil and Water Sciences 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh Egypt. Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment University of Thessaly Greece.

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A gradient analysis on urban sprawl and urban landscape pattern between 1985 and 2000 in the Pearl River Delta, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 791-807页

作者： Erfu DAI Zhuo WU Xiaodian DU Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing No.65Middle School Beijing 100006China

Urbanization is an irreversible trend worldwide, especially in rapidly developing China. Accelerated urbanization has resulted in rapid urban sprawl and urban landscape pattern changes. Quantifying the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban land use and landscape pattern not only can reveal the characteristics of social transfer and economic development, but also can provide insights into the driving mechanisms of land use changes. In this study, we integrated remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), landscape metrics, and gradient analysis to quantitatively compare the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use, urban sprawl, and landscape pattern for nine cities in the Pearl River Delta from 1985aEuro'2000. For the whole study region, urbanization was obvious. The results show an increase in urban buildup land and shrinkage of cropland in the Pearl River Delta. However, the nine cities differed greatly in terms of the process and magnitude of urban sprawl for both the spatial and temporal dimensions. This was most evident for the cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Gradient analysis on urban landscape changes could deepen understanding of the stages of urban development and provide a scientific foundation for future urban planning and land management strategies in China.

关键词： urbanization urban sprawl landscape pattern gradient analysis Pearl River Delta in China

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Trends and risk evolution of drought disasters in Tibet Region, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第11期29卷 1859-1875页

作者： CHEN Qiong LIU Fenggui CHEN Ruijie ZHAO Zhilong ZHANG Yili CUI Peng ZHENG Du College of Geographic Sciences Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810008China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentCASChengdu 610041China

The risk posed by natural disasters can be largely reflected by hazard and *** analysis of long-term hazard series can reveal the mechanisms by which risk *** disasters are one of the main types of disaster in the Tibet Region (TR) of *** this study,using statistical drought disasters data in the TR from 1912 to 2012 and socio-economic statistics for five periods between 1965 and 2015,and adopting standard statistical analyses,a wavelet analysis,and a risk assessment model,we first construct the index system for drought disaster risk assessment,and then assess the risk of drought disasters and analyze the mechanisms of changes in *** results showed that the occurrence of drought in the TR had three distinct cycles during this study periods,with durations of 5,15,and 27 years *** frequency of drought in the TR showed increasing trends,and the cycle of drought had been *** 1965 to 2015,the risk of drought disaster in the TR is significantly increased with the growth rate of 6.8% in high-risk *** addition,the severity of drought had enhanced,especially in *** increased vulnerability locally and significantly enhanced hazard of drought disaster,with a shrinkage of 16.3% in the low-value area and an expansion of 7.4% in the high-value area,being the determinants of drought disaster ***,agricultural areas of the TR are the focal locations where risk of drought disaster needs to be managed.

关键词： Tibet TR Tibetan Plateau drought disaster risk evolution

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Building a resilient society to reduce natural disaster risks

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Science Bulletin 2020年第21期65卷 1785-1787页

作者： Shaohong Wu Jiangbo Gao Binggan Wei Jiquan Zhang Guizhen Guo Jun Wang Haoyu Deng Lulu Liu Shanfeng He Erqi Xu Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Environment Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China National Disaster Reduction Center Ministry of Emergency ManagementBeijing 100124China School of Geographical Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Geography and Tourism Qufu Normal UniversityRizhao 276826China

Natural variation has caused disaster on human society since the human beings appeared on the earth [1,2].Especially,more significant changes in environmental elements have been occurred under global change [3,4],which further increases the stress on social economic [5].The World Economic Forum reported that the annual global death count from natural disasters is about 60,000, or 0.1% of global death.

关键词： global disaster Economic

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Near-real-time estimates of daily CO2 emissions from 1500 cities worldwide

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Huo, Da Huang, Xiaoting Dou, Xinyu Ciais, Philippe Li, Yun Deng, Zhu Wang, Yilong Cui, Duo Benkhelifa, Fouzi Sun, Taochun Zhu, Biqing Roest, Geoffrey Gurney, Kevin R. Ke, Piyu Guo, Rui Lu, Chenxi Lin, Xiaojuan Lovell, Arminel Appleby, Kyra DeCola, Philip L. Davis, Steven J. Liu, Zhu Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l’Environnement LSCE Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Nexqt City Climate Intelligence France School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University FlagstaffAZ86011 United States CDP Worldwide London United Kingdom Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232 Croul Hall IrvineCA92697-3100 United States

Building on near-real-time and spatially explicit estimates of daily carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, here we present and analyze a new city-level dataset of fossil fuel and cement emissions. Carbon Monitor Cities provides daily, city-level estimates of emissions from January 2019 through December 2021 for 1500 cities in 46 countries, and disaggregates five sectors: power generation, residential (buildings), industry, ground transportation, and aviation. The goal of this dataset is to improve the timeliness and temporal resolution of city-level emission inventories and includes estimates for both functional urban areas and city administrative areas that are consistent with global and regional totals. Comparisons with other datasets (i.e. CEADs, MEIC, Vulcan, and CDP) were performed, and we estimate the overall uncertainty range to be ±21.7%. Carbon Monitor Cities is a near-real-time, city-level emission dataset that includes cities around the world, including the first estimates for many cities in low-income countries. A more complete description of this dataset is published in Scientific Data https://***/10.1038/s41597-022-01657-z. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Evaluating the accuracy of Chinese pasture data in global historical land use datasets

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第11期61卷 1685-1696页

作者： Fanneng HE Shicheng LI Fan YANG Meijiao LI Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Land Resource Management School of Public Administration China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Global historical land use datasets are widely used in global environmental change studies; however, uncertainties in the included pasture data have not been evaluated. In this study, using trend, relative difference ratio(RDR), and spatial comparisons, we evaluated the accuracy of China pasture data in the HYDE(versions 3.1 and 3.2), SAGE, and PJ datasets using historical document-based reconstructions, including the land use datasets for China covering 1935–1997(hereafter Ge-dataset)and Northeast China covering the 1700 s–2000(hereafter Ye-dataset), and the satellite-based China's Land-Use/cover Datasets(CLUDs) for 1980–2015. Four important results were obtained.(1) China pasture area in the HYDE, SAGE, and PJ datasets and grassland area in the Ge-dataset, Ye-dataset, and CLUDs show both disparate trends and large differences in absolute values.(2)Spatially, 50.9%, 52.8%, and 63.0% pasture/grassland grids in 2000 had RDRs greater than 60% between HYDE3.1, HYDE3.2,and SAGE datasets, and CLUDs, respectively. The percentage of grids with RDRs less than 20% were 24.9%, 26.7%, and 16.0%,respectively.(3) Based on HYDE3.2, the spatial distribution of pasture in Northeast China over the last 300 year has expanded,which is in contrast to the results from the Ye-dataset, which shows the spatial distribution of grassland shrinking because of human reclamation activities.(4) The large contrasts between the global datasets and Chinese native datasets are due to differences in pasture/grassland definitions, land use practices, and spatial reconstruction methods.

关键词： Historical pasture/grassland Global datasets Accuracy evaluation China

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Optimizing zonal management framework suitable for mountain ecosystems by linking landscape, ecosystem service capacities and bundles nested

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Journal of environmental management 2025年 389卷 125998页

作者： Yunqi Hao Yihe Lü Hui Dang Da Lü Chenjun Du Yi Wang Luning Wang Xiaofeng Wang Xuan Li Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China. Electronic address: lyh@***. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan University Kunming 650500 China. School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an 710054 China. State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China.

Ecosystem service (ES)-oriented spatial optimization can contribute to regional well-being, especially for mountain ecosystems carrying multiple ES capacities. However, existing studies on mountain ecosystem services (MESs) predominantly address gradient dynamics, yet fail to incorporate landscape as a socio-ecological nexus, which hinders their practical application in spatial planning. Therefore, we proposed a spatial optimization strategy, leveraging landscape to strengthen the process from ES science to practical management in the Qinling Mountain (QLM), China. Landscape Naturalness Composite Index (LNCI) was drawn on as a continuous metric to symbolize the gradient of mountainous landscape configuration driven by social-ecological interaction. Spatiotemporal change and attribution analysis of MESs were also conducted to corroborate the final management, considering carbon sequestration (CS), modified habitat quality (HQ), and soil conservation (SC) from 1990 to 2020. We find that the three critical MESs synergistically increased over 31 years. Among them, HQ and CS increased stepwise under the context of ecological programs, but SC fluctuates dominated by rainfall. Holistically, agricultural intensification and urban development alleviated remote human-land conflicts, indicating that the improvement in MESs coincided with increases in the urban-rural population ratio and food production (FP). A mountain regulation baseline (MRB) was identified by landscape threshold, covering 44.39 % of the QLM, which can help to address a range of issues in mountain conservation. We proposed a two-tier nested zonal management framework, leveraging landscape to connect MRB and multifunctionality characterized by ES bundles. Our framework has benefits for informing adequate implications on management practices of global mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Landscape management Mountain ecosystem service Qinling mountains Socio-ecological drivers

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Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 60-73页

作者： Philippe Ciais Yitong Yao Thomas Gasser Alessandro Baccini Yilong Wang Ronny Lauerwald Shushi Peng Ana Bastos Wei Li Peter A.Raymond Josep G.Canadell Glen P.Peters Rob J.Andres Jinfeng Chang Chao Yue A.Johannes Dolman Vanessa Haverd Jens Hartmann Goulven Laruelle Alexandra G.Konings Anthony W.King Yi Liu Sebastiaan Luyssaert Fabienne Maignan Prabir K.Patra Anna Peregon Pierre Regnier Julia Pongratz Benjamin Poulter Anatoly Shvidenko Riccardo Valentini Rong Wang Grégoire Broquet Yi Yin Jakob Zscheischler Bertrand Guenet Daniel S.Goll Ashley-P.Ballantyne Hui Yang Chunjing Qiu Dan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere 15. Institute for Geology CEN—Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversity of Hamburg 16. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University 17. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanford 18. School of Geographical SciencesNanjing University of Information Science and Technology 19. Department of Ecological SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam 20. Research Institute for Global ChangeJAMSTEC Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAY Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Tuva State University Republic of Tuva Max Planck Institute for Meteorology NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Biospheric Sciences Lab. 26. Department for Innovation in BiologicalAgro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF)University of Tuscia RUDN University Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and PreventionInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan University 29. Division of Geological and Planetary SciencesCalifornia Institute of Technology 30. Climate and Environmental Physics and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of Bern 31. Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sci

Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy. For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe, we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite estimates of biomass changes where inventory data are missing. The net land–atmospheric carbon exchange(NEE) was calculated by taking the sum of the carbon-stock change and lateral carbon fluxes from crop and wood trade, and riverine-carbon export to the ocean. Summing up NEE from all regions, we obtained a global ‘bottom-up’ NEE for net land anthropogenic CO2uptake of –2.2 ± 0.6 Pg C yr-1consistent with the independent top-down NEE from the global atmospheric carbon budget during 2000–2009. This estimate is so far the most comprehensive global bottom-up carbon budget accounting, which set up an important milestone for global carbon-cycle studies. By decomposing NEE into component fluxes, we found that global soil heterotrophic respiration amounts to a source of CO2of 39 Pg C yr-1with an interquartile of 33–46 Pg C yr-1—a much smaller portion of net primary productivity than previously reported.

关键词： carbon budget human appropriation of ecosystems soil carbon

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