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Fabrication and characterization of GCF/PyC composites by TG-CVI densified porous glassy carbon preform

Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Jia, Jiangang You, Xinya Pan, Zikang Zhang, Hongqiang Xiao, Yang Yuan, Zhongtian Liu, Diqiang Guo, Tieming State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou730050 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou730050 China

Carbon foams with adjustable three-dimensional architecture are obtained by template method. This paper describes the effects of template content impact on the porous framework, microstructure and mechanical properties of glassy carbon foams. Then a serious of glassy carbon foam/pyrocarbon (GCF/PyC) composites were fabricated by thermal gradient chemical vapor deposition (TG-CVI) using glassy carbon foam with different porosity as preform. After densification, bulk density of glassy carbon foam was increased and defects in carbon foam framework were repaired, which contributes to mechanical properties and ensures higher thermal conductivity. As the porosity increases, compressive strength of carbon foam gradually decreases from 83.03 MPa to 24.52 MPa. The compressive and flexural strengths of obtained GCF/PyC composites first increased and reached the peak values, then decreased. The maximum compressive and flexural strengths of GCF1/1-C are measured to be 120.5 MPa and 92.21 MPa, which are 135 % and 267 % higher than that of carbon foam GCF1/1. The thermal conductivity of carbon foam decreases from 1.22 W/m·K to 0.75 W/m·K with the porosity increase. For GCF/PyC composites, thermal conductivity first increases to 4.41 W/m·K then decrease, and GCF2/1-C has lowest thermal conductivity of 3.26 W/m·K among all GCF/PyC samples, which is 160 % higher than that of GCF2/1 before densification. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Glassy carbon

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Simultaneous optimization of lattice and spin configurations in atomic scale simulation of magnetic materials

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Physical Review B 2025年第13期111卷 134412-134412页

作者： Zhengtao Huang Teng Yang Hanxing Liu Ben Xu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration School of Material Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100088 People's Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China

Large scale atomistic simulations involving spin-lattice coupling are at the forefront of research in condensed matter physics and materials science. A key challenge lies in determining the ground state configurations of spins and lattices given this strong coupling, complicated by their evolution adherence to distinct governing equations. Unlike first-principles calculations, where the magnetic configuration is naturally determined by minimizing the electronic energy, no existing algorithm can simultaneously optimize both lattice and spin degrees of freedom at the atomic scale. This paper introduces a synergistic optimization framework for lattice and spin optimization in magnetic materials, overcoming the conventional separation approach. Employing a “pseudoatomic” method, the simultaneous optimization of atomic and spin configurations enhances accuracy and speed, enabling both atomic scale precision and large scale calculations. Applied to face-centered-cubic iron and BiFeO3, this approach demonstrates effective convergence, offering a robust tool for complex spin-lattice coupling problems, which paves a path for addressing high-dimensional optimization problems.

关键词： Atoms

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High-photoresponse mixed-dimensional CuOx/WSe2 p-type phototransistor with van der Waals interface

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Applied Physics Reviews 2025年第2期12卷

作者： Jiang, Wengui Wu, Yonghuang Ye, Huanyu Zhou, Liang Xin, Zeqin Liu, Kai Sun, Yinghui Wang, Rongming Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science The State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Mixed-dimensional heterostructures, which utilize the complementary advantages of diverse materials, hold great promise for high-performance photodetectors. However, p-type photodetection is constrained by the scarcity of suitable photosensitive materials and challenges in interface engineering, particularly over-coupling at the hetero-interface, which significantly impacts detection performance. In this work, we present a p-type CuOx/WSe2 phototransistor that achieves both high responsivity and broad bandwidth. Using CuOx nanoparticles with abundant copper vacancies for broadband light absorption and two-dimensional WSe2 as a high-mobility channel, this device demonstrates an exceptional responsivity of up to 1.8 × 105 A/W across wavelengths from 365 to 810 nm. The high performance originates from hole injection from defect-rich CuOx into WSe2, combined with electron trapping in vacancy states. The weak van der Waals interaction at the interface effectively decouples the optical absorption (in CuOx) from charge transport (in WSe2), enabling high gain without sacrificing response speed. © 2025 Author(s).

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Ionic liquid-grafted MXene composite polymer electrolytes for high-performance solid-state batteries

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 514卷

作者： Qian, Zhi Qiu, Zhao-Dong Wang, Rui-Qing Wei, Mei-Tong Fei, An-Min Hu, Zhi-Yi Mohamed, Hemdan S.H. Chen, Li-Hua Li, Yu Su, Bao-Lian State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Physics Department Faculty of Science Fayoum University El Gomhoria Street Fayoum63514 Egypt University of Namur NamurB-5000 Belgium

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have obtained much attention due to the high energy density and security. At present, PEO-based solid-state batteries are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for high-performance ASSBs due to the excellent processability and good interfacial stability. However, low ionic conductivity and Li+ transference number seriously hinder their progress in practical applications. Here, a novel filler is developed by embedding ionic liquid (IL) grafted onto the surface of MXene to improve the electrochemical performance of PEO-based solid composite polymer electrolyte (MXene-IL-SPE) for ASSBs. The 2D MXene can significantly reduce the crystallinity of PEO, and the presence of IL not only enhances the dispersion of MXene in the polymer matrix, but also promotes the dissociation of lithium salts and anchors anions. As a result, the MXene-IL-SPE possesses high ionic conductivity (7.19 × 10−4 S cm−1) and Li+ transference number (0.51), together with wide electrochemical window (5.2 V) at 60 °C. The assembled LiFePO4|MXene-IL-SPE|Li full cell exhibits remarkable rate capability and exceptional capacity of 154.8 mAh g−1 over 120 cycles with an impressive 95.3 % capacity retention at 0.5 C. This design opens up a new way to prepare high performance CPEs for ASSBs. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Solid-state Batteries

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Application of biphasic mineralized collagen/polycaprolactone scaffolds in the repair of large load-bearing bone defects: A study in a sheep model

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Journal of Orthopaedic Translation 2025年 52卷 138-149页

作者： Yao, Meng-Xuan Zheng, Jing-Chuan Wang, Hai-Cheng Lv, Hong-Zhi Zhang, Yi-Fan Zhang, Yu-Qin Shi, Tai-Long Zhu, Yan-Ze Zhang, Ying-Ze Wang, Xiu-Mei Chen, Wei Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hebei Shijiazhuang 050051 China Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province Hebei Shijiazhuang 050051 China NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment Hebei Shijiazhuang 050051 China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing) Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Hebei Province China Beijing Allgens Medical Science and Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing 102629 China

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of biphasic mineralized collagen/polycaprolactone (bMC/PCL) scaffolds in repairing large load-bearing bone defects, particularly femoral defects, using a sheep model. Methods: The bMC/PCL scaffolds were prepared by combining porous mineralized collagen/polycaprolactone (pMC/PCL) with compact mineralized collagen/polycaprolactone (cMC/PCL). The scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to observe the microstructure and compression testing to assess mechanical properties. Twenty female sheep were selected to create a 20 mm femoral defect model, divided into a blank group (no material implanted) and an experimental group (bMC/PCL scaffolds implanted), with 10 sheep in each group. Bone healing and lower limb functional recovery were assessed at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively using Lane-Sandhu scores and visual analog scale scores for lameness. Additionally, bone repair progress was analyzed through X-ray, Micro-CT, and histological analyses. Results: Compared with the blank group, the bMC/PCL scaffold group showed significant improvement in bone defect repair. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, X-ray, Micro-CT scans, and histological staining indicated stable scaffold integration and gradual new bone formation. The Lane-Sandhu scores in the experimental group were 3.60 ± 0.548 and 4.00 ± 0.707 at 3 and 6 months, respectively, whereas the blank group experienced plate/screw breakage leading to fixation failure, with scores of 1, indicating better bone healing in the experimental group. The lameness scores in the experimental group were 2.71 ± 0.97 and 1.48 ± 0.86 at 3 and 6 months, respectively, significantly lower than those in the blank group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002). Micro-CT analysis showed that bone volume to tissue volume ratio increased from 28.07 ± 9.22 % to 62.02 ± 11.82 %, bone mineral density increased from 0.392 ± 0.032 g/cm³ to 0.583 ± 0.125 g/cm³

关键词： Biphasic mineralized collagen/polycaprolactone bMC/PCL scaffolds Bone healing Femoral defect repair Sheep model Tissue engineering

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Mussel-inspired MXene-functionalized sponge for solar-driven water purification: Photothermal-driven crude oil absorption, solar steam generation, and photothermal sterilization

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 514卷

作者： Zhang, Jingwen Zhang, Xiangyi Mai, Bingjie Fu, Nuo Wang, Shuyu Shang, Bin Deng, Ziwei Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an710119 China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Textile University Wuhan430200 China

Solar-driven water purification is recognized as an effective and sustainable technology for tackling the global water crisis by utilizing clean and renewable solar energy. In this study, we present a mussel-inspired MXene-functionalized sponge (denoted as POPM sponge), which features a 3D interconnected porous structure, enhanced surface hydrophobicity, and efficient photothermal conversion capabilities. The design and fabrication of the POPM sponge involve integrating mussel-inspired hydrophobic Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets with a 3D interconnected porous PDMS sponge as precursors. This POPM sponge shows considerable potential as a multifunctional photothermal material to promote solar-driven water purification in complex wastewater systems. With its superior surface hydrophobicity and high photothermal conversion efficiency, this POPM sponge effectively recovers high-viscosity crude oil spills through photothermal-driven absorption. Moreover, it functions as an efficient solar evaporator, exhibiting high water evaporation rates and remarkable photothermal conversion efficiencies, thereby facilitating cost-effective solar-driven water purification in complex wastewater systems. Additionally, it possesses remarkable photothermal antibacterial characteristics for the sterilization of common pathogenic bacteria in wastewater, indicating its potential as a promising photothermal material for sterilization applications in such environments. This strategy offers a pathway for the development of multifunctional photothermal materials aimed at enhancing the efficiency of solar-driven water purification in complex wastewater systems within practical applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Sterilization (cleaning)

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Electric field-induced alignment and orientation of dielectric fibers: Mechanisms, modelling, and experimental analysis

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Li, Wenjie Jiang, Yuncong Wu, Lianfeng Wang, Chen Liu, Hang Jiang, Siyi Zhou, Xin Mu, Yuwen Xu, Lingfeng He, Xiaodong Li, Mingwei He, Fei National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology China State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings Marine Chemical Research Institute Co. Ltd. China National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Materials Harbin Institute of Technology China

Electric field-induced alignment of dielectric fibers (DFs) is a promising method for controlling the orientation of fibers in composites. In this work, we investigated the mechanisms of electric field-induced alignment and its influence on the orientation of DFs in a solution medium. Through modelling and experimental analysis, we demonstrate that the application of an electric field to a suspension of DFs results in the fibers alignment along the direction of the field. This alignment process occurs due to the interaction between the electric field and the dipole moments of the fibers. Furthermore, we explore the factors affecting the process of alignment, such as the strength of the applied electric field, the dielectric constants of fibers and solution, and the characteristics of the fibers. Overall, electric field-induced alignment offers a versatile and efficient method, enabling the development of advanced materials with tailored properties for various industrial applications. © Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Dielectric fibers Electric field Directional orientation Analytical modelling

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When liquid crystals encounter structured light 20

When liquid crystals encounter structured light

引用

Emerging Liquid Crystal Technologies XX 2025

作者： Zhou, Le Liu, Yuanfeng Neyts, Kristiaan Shen, Yang Sun, Jingbo Zhou, Ji Physics Department Colorado School of Mines 1523 Illinois St. GoldenCO80401 United States School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685222

Structured light refers to the light field tailored by various degrees of freedom including intensity, phase, and polarization states in both spatial and temporal domains, which may greatly vitalize the technologies in both optics, such as the next-generation optical communication as well as imaging and the materials science in both fabrications and characterizations. The structured characteristics of the structure light need materials also with structured optical properties that can generate or manipulate structured light in a straightforward way, which can be well satisfied by liquid crystals or glassy liquid crystals such as special spherulites. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Compatible matching and synergy operation optimization of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage system in DC microgrid

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Energy Conversion and Management: X 2025年 26卷

作者： Du, Banghua Peng, Yanyu Li, Yang Xie, Changjun Zhu, Shihao Zhu, Wenchao Yang, Yang You, Li Zhang, Leiqi Zhao, Bo Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg41258 Sweden State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan430070 China State Grid Hubei Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan430077 China State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou310014 China

Hydrogen energy storage (HES) systems could balanced source-load mismatches in DC microgrids. By combining HES with electrical energy storage (EES), the start-up delay and rapid degradation of HES under fluctuating inputs can be mitigated, enhancing system adaptability. However, without proper power allocation and operational optimization, system efficiency and the lifespan of HES and EES decrease. Accordingly, this paper proposes a compatible matching and synergy operation optimization for hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage systems (H-E HESS). Firstly, Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) is developed to decompose power fluctuation signals into frequency components, and the Hilbert transform calculates the energy value to determine high- and low-frequency dividing points. Next, a system power allocation strategy is formulated through the fast response of the EES to compensate for the delay in the start-up of the HES. A multi-objective optimization model is then developed to balance efficiency and lifespan, which is solved by the NSGA-III algorithm. Finally, case studies show that the proposed strategy improves efficiency by 17.95 % and 8.34 %, reduces degradation rates by 1 % and 0.71 %, and shortens system response time in 1 s, compared to Schemes I and II. The strategy's effectiveness is also validated through an experimental platform in a hydrogen-electric coupled DC microgrid demonstration project. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Hydrogen storage

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Sym- and Asym-Expanded Heterohelicene Isomers Featuring Extended Multi-Resonance Skeleton for Narrowband Deep-Blue Fluorescence

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Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 2025年第13期64卷

作者： Zeng, Xuan Luo, Xiaofeng Meng, Guoyun Wang, Xuewen Zhang, Dongdong Duan, Lian School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Xianhu hydrogen Valley Foshan528200 China Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Expanded heterohelicenes composed of alternating linearly and angularly fused multi-resonance (MR) skeletons have gained wide interest owing to their promising narrowband emissions. Herein, a pair of sym- and asym-expanded heterohelicene isomers was obtained by merging boron/oxygen (B/O)-embedded MR triangulene and indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole units via one-pot synthesis. Owing to their fully resonating extended helical skeleton, the target heterohelicenes exhibit a significantly narrowed spectra bandwidth while emission red-shifting, thus affording deep-blue narrowband emission with a peak at approximately 460 nm, full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of only 18 nm, and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields. In comparison to the symmetrical structure, the asym-expanded heterohelicene displays suppressed aggregation within doped films, thereby showing superior narrowband electroluminescence in devices with CIE coordinates of (0.12, 0.18) and a high external quantum efficiency of up to 25 %, which retains 18.1 % even at a high luminance of 10,000 cd m−1. Overall, this work provides a novel paradigm for the development of narrowband expanded heterohelicenes. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Electroluminescence

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