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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhu, Yabin Li, Chenglong Wang, Xiao Tang, Jin Huang, Zhixiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes School of Electronic and Information Engineering Anhui University Hefei230601 China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230601 China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China

Existing Transformer-based RGBT tracking methods either use cross-attention to fuse the two modalities, or use self-attention and cross-attention to model both modality-specific and modality-sharing information. However, the significant appearance gap between modalities limits the feature representation ability of certain modalities during the fusion process. To address this problem, we propose a novel Progressive Fusion Transformer called ProFormer, which progressively integrates single-modality information into the multimodal representation for robust RGBT tracking. In particular, ProFormer first uses a self-attention module to collaboratively extract the multimodal representation, and then uses two cross-attention modules to interact it with the features of the dual modalities respectively. In this way, the modality-specific information can well be activated in the multimodal representation. Finally, a feed-forward network is used to fuse two interacted multimodal representations for the further enhancement of the final multimodal representation. In addition, existing learning methods of RGBT trackers either fuse multimodal features into one for final classification, or exploit the relationship between unimodal branches and fused branch through a competitive learning strategy. However, they either ignore the learning of single-modality branches or result in one branch failing to be well optimized. To solve these problems, we propose a dynamically guided learning algorithm that adaptively uses well-performing branches to guide the learning of other branches, for enhancing the representation ability of each branch. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed ProFormer sets a new state-of-the-art performance on RGBT210, RGBT234, LasHeR, and VTUAV datasets. In particular, the improvements of ProFormer on the LasHeR dataset are up to +6.2%/+ 4.1% in PR/SR compared with existing best RGBT tracker. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Capacitive Flexible Three-Axis Force Tactile Sensor Based on Porous Composite Dielectric Layer for Dexterous Robotic Manipulation

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Guo, Xiaohui Li, Cuicui Zheng, Guoqing Wang, Jingyi Tang, Guopeng Hong, Weiqiang Wang, Yifan Pan, Mingqi Xu, Yaohua Hong, Qi Zhao, Yunong Zhang, Hongwei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei230601 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Lu’an237010 China East China Institute of Photo-electron ICs Jiangsu Suzhou215163 China

Flexible tactile sensors that can detect both normal and tangential forces with good flexibility, high sensitivity, wide detection range and rapid dynamic response are imminently needed for electronic skin (e-skin). Thus, we innovatively demonstrated a flexible capacitive three-axis tactile sensor with satisfactory flexibility, high sensitivity (0.693 N -1 at 0-5 N and 0.483 N -1 at 5-14 N for normal force, as well as 0.551 N -1 at 0-2 N and 0.481 N -1 at 2-6 N for tangential force), fast response time (30 ms) and a low hysteresis (6.8%), which was fabricated by combining advanced sensor structure with porous composite dielectric layer in a simple and low-cost three-dimensional (3D) printing method and layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly method. The working principle and sensing characteristics of the sensor were elaborated by establishing the theoretical mechanism, and further simulation verification was carried out by the finite element modeling (FEM). Our sensor was employed in soft manipulator grasping and gamepad rotation, suggestive of the application potential of the three-axis force tactile sensor as flexible e-skin in the field of tactile sensing. Our work may pave a way to softness haptic perception strategy, which could be widely utilized in e-skin, soft robot, dexterous robotic manipulation, and intelligent prosthesis. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Composite materials

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Super-Broadband Rectifier With Wide-band Resistance Compression Network and Harmonic Cycling for RF-Harvesting

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Xin Zhang, Dawei Li, Yingsong Huang, Zhixiang College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei230601 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Lu'An230088 China

In this paper, a super-broadband (SBB) rectifier using a wideband resistance compression network (WRCN) and harmonic cycling is proposed, simulated, fabricated, measured and analyzed in detail for the harvesting of ambient Radio frequency (RF) energy. Meanwhile, impedance compression and matching are achieved to implement the SBB using WRCN and impedance operation networks. Additionally, harmonic cycling structure and bending technology are employed to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and reduce the size, respectively. For demonstration, a prototype of the proposed rectifier is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good accordance with the simulated ones, indicating that the rectifier can provide high efficiency and ultra-broadband rectification characteristics. A PCE over 50% is realized at 3.5 GHz with an input power range of 6–24 dBm, and a PCE of 75% is obtained at an input power of 18 dBm. The PCE is greater than 50% at 17 dBm with an input frequency of 2.7–4.6 GHz. This work can find significant applications in the development of RF-harvesting. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Harvesting

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Contrastive Learning of Person-independent Representations for Facial Action Unit Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Yong Shan, Shiguang The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing100190 China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China

Facial action unit (AU) detection, aiming to classify AU present in the facial image, has long suffered from insufficient AU annotations. In this paper, we aim to mitigate this data scarcity issue by learning AU representations from a large number of unlabelled facial videos in a contrastive learning paradigm. We formulate the self-supervised AU representation learning signals in two-fold: (1) AU representation should be frame-wisely discriminative within a short video clip;(2) Facial frames sampled from different identities but show analogous facial AUs should have consistent AU representations. As to achieve these goals, we propose to contrastively learn the AU representation within a video clip and devise a cross-identity reconstruction mechanism to learn the person-independent representations. Specially, we adopt a margin-based temporal contrastive learning paradigm to perceive the temporal AU coherence and evolution characteristics within a clip that consists of consecutive input facial frames. Moreover, the cross-identity reconstruction mechanism facilitates pushing the faces from different identities but show analogous AUs close in the latent embedding space. Experimental results on three public AU datasets demonstrate that the learned AU representation is discriminative for AU detection. Our method outperforms other contrastive learning methods and significantly closes the performance gap between the self-supervised and supervised AU detection approaches. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Learning systems

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A Unified Stream and Batch Graph computing Model for Community Detection 17th

A Unified Stream and Batch Graph Computing Model for Commu...

引用

17th CCF Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social computing, ChineseCSCW 2022

作者： Dai, Jinkun Wu, Ling Guo, Kun Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing Ministry of Education Fuzhou350108 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819923557

An essential challenge in graph data analysis and mining is to simply and effectively deal with large-scale network data that is expanding dynamically. Although batch-based parallel graph computation frameworks have better accuracy, they cannot process incremental data on time and need to be recomputed. To process real-time data, stream processing applications need to be redeveloped, which increases the redundancy of work, and some existing dynamic graph computation schemes are not generalizable. This paper proposes a unified stream and batch graph computing model(USBGM). The model is compatible with both stream and batch graph computing. Graph operators and algorithms developed based on the model can handle stream and batch graph data in a unified manner. The experiments on real-world and artificial networks verified the effectiveness and efficiency of the model. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Population dynamics

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Privacy-Preserving Push-Pull Method for Decentralized Optimization via State Decomposition

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cheng, Huqiang Liao, Xiaofeng Li, Huaqing Zhao, You Key Laboratory of Dependable Services Computing in Cyber Physical Society Ministry of Education College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing400715 China

Distributed optimization is manifesting great potential in multiple fields, e.g., machine learning, control, and resource allocation. Existing decentralized optimization algorithms require sharing explicit state information among the agents, which raises the risk of private information leakage. To ensure privacy security, combining information security mechanisms, such as differential privacy and homomorphic encryption, with traditional decentralized optimization algorithms is a commonly used means. However, this would either sacrifice optimization accuracy or incur heavy computational burden. To overcome these shortcomings, we develop a novel privacy-preserving decentralized optimization algorithm, called PPSD, that combines gradient tracking with a state decomposition mechanism. Specifically, each agent decomposes its state associated with the gradient into two substates. One substate is used for interaction with neighboring agents, and the other substate containing private information acts only on the first substate and thus is entirely agnostic to other agents. For the strongly convex and smooth objective functions, PPSD attains a R-linear convergence rate. Moreover, the algorithm can preserve the agents’ private information from being leaked to honest-but-curious neighbors. Simulations further confirm the results. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Optimization

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Multi-agent Collaboration for Vehicular Task Offloading Using Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning

引用

IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年

作者： Chen, Xing Xiao, Bohuai Lin, Xinyu Chen, Zheyi Min, Geyong Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350116 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Fuzhou350002 China Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou350116 China University of Exeter Department of Computer Science ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

Mobile Edge computing (MEC) distributes resources such as computing, storage, and bandwidth to the side close to users, which can provide low-latency services to in-vehicle users, thus promising a more efficient and safer driving environment. However, due to the dynamic scale of vehicle and the variability of resource requirements, it is a significant challenge to quickly obtain effective task offloading in large-scale vehicle scenarios. The existing studies generally adopt the centralized decision-making method, with long decision-making time and high computational overhead, which cannot effectively achieve good offloading decisions in large-scale scenarios. To address these problems, we propose a Multi-agent Collaborative Method for vehicular task offloading using Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning called MCM-FDRL. First, each vehicle as an agent, independently makes offloading decisions based on local information. Next, the offloading decision model of each vehicle is obtained through federated reinforcement learning training. At runtime, an effective vehicle offloading plan can be gradually developed through multi-agent collaboration. Using two real-world datasets, experiments show that the MCM-FDRL has good adaptability and scalability. Moreover, compared to the state-of-the-art methods, the task's average response time of the MCM-FDRL is reduced by 9.75%-64.90%, respectively. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Cross-Modality Perturbation Synergy Attack for Person Re-identification

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gong, Yunpeng Zhong, Zhun Qu, Yansong Luo, Zhiming Ji, Rongrong Jiang, Min School of Informatics Xiamen University China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China Department of Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China School of Informatics Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible CulturalHeritage of Fujian and Taiwan Ministry of Culture and Tourism Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen361005 China

In recent years, there has been significant research focusing on addressing security concerns in single-modal person re-identification (ReID) systems that are based on RGB images. However, the safety of cross-modality scenarios, which are more commonly encountered in practical applications involving images captured by infrared cameras, has not received adequate attention. The main challenge in cross-modality ReID lies in effectively dealing with visual differences between different modalities. For instance, infrared images are typically grayscale, unlike visible images that contain color information. Existing attack methods have primarily focused on the characteristics of the visible image modality, overlooking the features of other modalities and the variations in data distribution among different modalities. This oversight can potentially undermine the effectiveness of these methods in image retrieval across diverse modalities. This study represents the first exploration into the security of cross-modality ReID models and proposes a universal perturbation attack specifically designed for cross-modality ReID. This attack optimizes perturbations by leveraging gradients from diverse modality data, thereby disrupting the discriminator and reinforcing the differences between modalities. We conducted experiments on three widely used cross-modality datasets, namely RegDB, SYSU, and LLCM. The results not only demonstrate the effectiveness of our method but also provide insights for future improvements in the robustness of cross-modality ReID systems. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Infrared imaging

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Cross-Modal Object Tracking via Modality-Aware Fusion Network and A Large-Scale Dataset

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Lei Zhang, Mengya Li, Cheng Li, Chenglong Tang, Jin The Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230601 China The Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing The Ministry of Education Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China The School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China

Visual tracking often faces challenges such as invalid targets and decreased performance in low-light conditions when relying solely on RGB image sequences. While incorporating additional modalities like depth and infrared data has proven effective, existing multi-modal imaging platforms are complex and lack real-world applicability. In contrast, near-infrared (NIR) imaging, commonly used in surveillance cameras, can switch between RGB and NIR based on light intensity. However, tracking objects across these heterogeneous modalities poses significant challenges, particularly due to the absence of modality switch signals during tracking. To address these challenges, we propose an adaptive cross-modal object tracking algorithm called Modality-Aware Fusion Network (MAFNet). MAFNet efficiently integrates information from both RGB and NIR modalities using an adaptive weighting mechanism, effectively bridging the appearance gap and enabling a modality-aware target representation. It consists of two key components: an adaptive weighting module and a modality-specific representation module. The adaptive weighting module predicts fusion weights to dynamically adjust the contribution of each modality, while the modality-specific representation module captures discriminative features specific to RGB and NIR modalities. MAFNet offers great flexibility as it can effortlessly integrate into diverse tracking frameworks. With its simplicity, effectiveness, and efficiency, MAFNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods in cross-modal object tracking. To validate the effectiveness of our algorithm and overcome the scarcity of data in this field, we introduce CMOTB, a comprehensive and extensive benchmark dataset for cross-modal object tracking. CMOTB consists of 61 categories and 1000 video sequences, comprising a total of over 799K frames. We believe that our proposed method and dataset offer a strong foundation for advancing cross-modal object tracking research. The dataset, toolkit, a

关键词： Large dataset

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A C0-continuous nonconforming virtual element method for linear strain gradient elasticity

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Jianguo Yu, Yue School of Mathematical Sciences MOE-LSC Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education National Center for Applied Mathematics in Hunan School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China

A robust C0-continuous nonconforming virtual element method (VEM) is developed for a boundary value problem arising from strain gradient elasticity in two dimensions, with the family of polygonal meshes satisfying a very general geometric assumption given in Brezzi et al. (2009) and Chen and Huang (2018). The stability condition of the VEMs is derived by establishing Korn-type inequalities and inverse inequalities. Some crucial commutative relations for locking-free analysis as in elastic problems are derived. The sharp and uniform error estimates with respect to both the microscopic parameter and the Lamé coefficient are achieved in the lowest-order case, which is also verified by numerical *** Codes 65N12, 65N15, 65N22, 65N30 © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Boundary value problems

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