In the coming years we will see a revolution of machine knowledge and abilities which will emerge from different activities and trends in three distinct areas connected to the Internet: The emerging Web of data, the W...
In the coming years we will see a revolution of machine knowledge and abilities which will emerge from different activities and trends in three distinct areas connected to the Internet: The emerging Web of data, the Web of Services, and a new area, the Web of Identities. These areas, the webs, are about creating accessible and processable semantic knowledge about data, functions and individuals, respectively. They form a knowledge layer for a new era of applications. In this work, we will provide universal definitions for these webs, with a focus on the new introduced Web of Identities, and show how they are related. Furthermore, we outline current activities and trends, and point out the impact of the webs on the future of the Internet based on scenarios exploiting the blended knowledge of these activities.
This paper presents two real-world case studies focussing on descriptive data mining for decision-makers. For that, we first propose a process-oriented design of descriptive data mining that helps in describing and pe...
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This paper presents two real-world case studies focussing on descriptive data mining for decision-makers. For that, we first propose a process-oriented design of descriptive data mining that helps in describing and performing such projects. Finally, we discuss important lessons learned during the implementation of the respective projects.
In this paper we present our approach to the 2010 ImageClef PhotoAnnotation task. Based on the well-known bag-of-words approach we suggest two extensions. First, we analyzed the impact of category specific features an...
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In this paper we present our approach to the 2010 ImageClef PhotoAnnotation task. Based on the well-known bag-of-words approach we suggest two extensions. First, we analyzed the impact of category specific features and classifiers. In order to classify quality-related image categories we implemented a sharpness measure and use this as additional feature in the classification process. Second, we propose a post- classification step, which is based on the observation that many of the categories should be considered as being related to each other: Some categories exclude or allow for inference to others. We incorporate inference and exclusion rules by refining the classification results. The results we obtain show that both extensions can provide a classification performance increase when compared the the standard BoW approach.
Almost all information domains have witnessed an exponential increase in the amount of structured data available. However, there is still a lack of support for ordinary users to create complex queries spanning multipl...
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Almost all information domains have witnessed an exponential increase in the amount of structured data available. However, there is still a lack of support for ordinary users to create complex queries spanning multiple information sources. Until this occurs the real benefits of having such a proliferation of metadata will not be realized by the general public. This paper describes SARA (Semantic Attribute Reconciliation Architecture), which is a framework that helps users leverage expert knowledge to discover relevant information, and to draw correlations across separate information sources. These sources can be in various data formats, and are accessed by users in a consolidated fashion. Users are supported in their information exploration with the knowledge of experts, which they can further tailor to better suit their needs. SARA offers tools and support for domain experts with no computing experience to encode their expertise, thus opening up SARA's use to almost any domain where rich metadata is available. This paper discusses the SARA framework in detail, as well as describing the applications to which it has been successfully applied in a number of different domains.
Managing networks and services in large virtual enterprises often requires significant expertise to decipher and reconcile information coming from several heterogeneous sources. This presents a significant challenge a...
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Managing networks and services in large virtual enterprises often requires significant expertise to decipher and reconcile information coming from several heterogeneous sources. This presents a significant challenge as the person with the network management expertise is not necessarily the person who has the task or vision of how to maximize the value of these services. Conversely it would be valuable for dedicated network managers to have insight into the meaning of the services running over the network. This paper presents an approach to empowering users to monitor and eventually manage network devices and services that they are not necessarily expert in. This paper details this challenge, presents two enabling technological frameworks and offers two compelling case studies currently being addressed in the Federated, Autonomic Management of End-to-End Communications Services (FAME) project.
The proliferation of smart home technologies providing home users with digital services presents an interoperability problem. This paper asserts that the value of these services can be greatly extended by enabling tec...
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The proliferation of smart home technologies providing home users with digital services presents an interoperability problem. This paper asserts that the value of these services can be greatly extended by enabling technology-neutral compositions of these home services, and furthermore that the reliability of such composite services will be of paramount importance to ensuring widespread deployment. Therefore fault management capabilities must accompany the composition capabilities in order to increase the robustness and reliability of such services. This paper proposes a web services-based abstraction layer for home area network service composition and a semantically informed fault management system for composed services, which can assist in diagnosis and correction of problems with composite services in smart homes of the future. Prototyping work and use cases are also described and initial metrics are presented that investigate the overhead of introducing the technology neutral abstraction layer.
This paper examines the feasibility of using ontologies to model generic sensor networks, based on the capabilities of the current generation of ontology tools. The creation of such an ontology, the current tool's...
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This paper examines the feasibility of using ontologies to model generic sensor networks, based on the capabilities of the current generation of ontology tools. The creation of such an ontology, the current tool's capacity to adequately maintain it, and its potential functionality, as part of a larger semantic system are addressed here. These topics were addressed by constructing a generic sensor ontology and attempting to implement it as part of a larger semantic system. The process and the conclusions drawn from it are described below.
data mining methods build patterns or models. When presenting these, all or part of the result needs to be explained to the user in order to be understandable and for increasing the user acceptance of the patterns. In...
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data mining methods build patterns or models. When presenting these, all or part of the result needs to be explained to the user in order to be understandable and for increasing the user acceptance of the patterns. In doing that, a variety of dimensions in the Mining and Analysis Continuum of Explaining (MACE) needs to be considered, e.g., from concrete to more abstract explanations. This paper discusses the application of the MACE in the context of social software. We consider applications of the proposed approaches in three social software systems, and show how the data mining results can seamlessly be analysed on the presented continuous dimensions and levels.
The PUMA project fosters the Open Access movement und aims at a better support of the researcher's publication work. PUMA stands for an integrated solution, where the upload of a publication results automatically ...
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