Diagrammatic reasoning comprises phenomena that range from the so-called "free-rides" (e.g. almost immediate understanding of visually perceived relationships) to conventions about tokens. Such reasoning mus...
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Diagrammatic reasoning comprises phenomena that range from the so-called "free-rides" (e.g. almost immediate understanding of visually perceived relationships) to conventions about tokens. Such reasoning must involve cognitive processes that are highly perceptual in content. In the domain of mathematical proofs where diagrams have had a long history, we have an opportunity to investigate in detail and in a controlled setting the various perceptual devices and cognitive processes that facilitate diagrammatically based arguments. This paper continues recent work by examining two kinds of diagrammatic proofs, called Categories 1 and 3 by Jamnik, et. al. 97], the first being one in which generalization of a diagram instance is implied, and the second being one in which an infinite completion is represented by an ellipsis. We provide explanations of why these proofs work, a semantics for ellipses, and conjectures about the underlying cognitive processes that seem to resonate with such proofs.
007, an intelligent modeling assistant, helps users formulate explicit, testable requirements and assess the current model. It then executes generic repair plans and revises the model until requirements are met.
007, an intelligent modeling assistant, helps users formulate explicit, testable requirements and assess the current model. It then executes generic repair plans and revises the model until requirements are met.
In the situation calculus states are often distinguished from situations by the assumption that situations are paths in a rooted tree while a state is a particular truth assignment to the fluents. It is then possible ...
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In this paper we concentrate on the causal theory of action developed by McCain and Turner [2] for computing ramifications. Our aim here is to characterise this theory of action in terms of a preferentialstyle semanti...
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The heterogeneous environment is emerging in current information systems. Within this situation, it is desirable to maintain consistency across databases, i.e., to ensure that they do not contradict each other with re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818682183
The heterogeneous environment is emerging in current information systems. Within this situation, it is desirable to maintain consistency across databases, i.e., to ensure that they do not contradict each other with respect to the existence or value of a real-world entity. Active rules have been widely used in modern database systems. Active databases contain the capability to automatically monitor the conditions which are defined over the database state and the ability to take an action when the state of the underlying database changes. They have provided a great contribution to the maintenance of data integrity and data consistency in database systems. This paper investigates how to integrate active rules into a heterogeneous database system environment.
database system reengineering technique has been used to resolve the problem of converting from existing out-of-datadatabase systems to new technique database systems in order to reduce the new system implementation ...
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database system reengineering technique has been used to resolve the problem of converting from existing out-of-datadatabase systems to new technique database systems in order to reduce the new system implementation cost. The technique consists of three parts: schema translation, data conversion, and program translation. The schema translation requires the transferring of existing database schema into the new database schema with better semantics. Recapturing the semantics is a complicated and difficult work. During the database design phase, the semantics has been lost from the conceptual data model to the logical data model. It is difficult to recapture it. After recapturing the semantics from the original conceptual database schema, we also need to have a sophisticated knowledge base to store the knowledge. The paper describes a new schema translation system, which can recapture the missing/hidden semantics of a database. The kernel of the system is an extended entity relationship (EER) data dictionary system (DDS), which can store all the semantics of the new database schema.
The objectives of Human engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There a...
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The objectives of Human engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.
Active rules have been widely used in the modern database systems. They have provided a great contribution to the maintenance of data integrity and data consistency in database systems. They also enable the system to ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780332806
Active rules have been widely used in the modern database systems. They have provided a great contribution to the maintenance of data integrity and data consistency in database systems. They also enable the system to become active instead of passive which traditional databases do. In passive databases the queries or transactions are executed only when explicitly requested by users. Active databases contain the capability to automatic monitor the conditions which defined over the database state and the ability to take an action when the state of the underlying database changes. This paper investigates how the active rule can be triggered in a heterogeneous database system environment.
Advances in signal processing allow us to model the audio signal in terms of mathematical representation. Compressed audio signal are also important for low-bit-rate media in order to minimize transmission cost. Appli...
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Advances in signal processing allow us to model the audio signal in terms of mathematical representation. Compressed audio signal are also important for low-bit-rate media in order to minimize transmission cost. Applications such as movies on compact disc, audio conferencing, and digital television also require a good model for the audio compression. We present a model for compressed audio signal. By varying different modelling parameters, we obtain the simulation result of the proposed model of the audio coder. Simulation results found that it has a good compression Ssignal-to-noise ratio compared with NICAM, CD, and OCF coders.
Kitano's approach to neural network design is extended in the sense that not just the neural network structure, but also the values of the weights are coded in the chromosome. Experimental results are presented de...
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Kitano's approach to neural network design is extended in the sense that not just the neural network structure, but also the values of the weights are coded in the chromosome. Experimental results are presented demonstrating the capability of the technique in the solution of a standard test problem.
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