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7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Security, ICAIS 2021

作者： Han, Pu Zhang, Mingtao Yao, Mingxiu Hui, Zhenrong Chen, Meitong School of Management Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service Nanjing210023 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030786175

International students are a special group in Chinese cities, and their tourism image perception has important research significance for urban tourism construction. Based on the destination tourism image model proposed by Baloglu and McCleary, the tourism image of Nanjing is divided into three aspects: cognitive image, emotional image and overall image. Aiming at the international student group in Nanjing, the questionnaire survey was used to obtain the perception data of the group’s tourism image in Nanjing with SPSS. The empirical research on the tourism image of Nanjing was carried out from three aspects: tourism image perception factor, overall image perception and representative attractions. The study found that in the structured part of the dimension, international students are most satisfied with "urban environment" and least concerned about "attractions". Through the single factor measurement, the most satisfied one is the rich historical and cultural heritage, and the most dissatisfied one is the crowded urban environment. In the unstructured part of the international students on Nanjing tourism image, the overall satisfaction is high, in which the destination image perception of the "delicious food" is the best. In the perception of urban tourism image, the perception of "a beautiful city" is the best. The analysis of the characteristics of social population structure shows obvious individualized difference. Boys tend to Zhongshan mausoleum, and girls are more inclined to Confucius Temple Qinhuai scenery belt. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Surveys

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Electronic Medical Record Sharing System Based on Hyperledger Fabric and InterPlanetary File System 2021

Electronic Medical Record Sharing System Based on Hyperledge...

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5th International Conference on Compute and data Analysis, ICCDA 2021

作者： Li, Lei Yue, Zhengxiang Wu, Gongqing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Ministry of Education Hefei China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389112

Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and other medical data contain important and sensitive privacy information of patients, which provide important basis and reference for their doctors to diagnose and treat them. With the continuous development of data sharing, big data applications and other technologies, new requirements are proposed for the storage of medical privacy data. At present, medical data have the characteristics of obstructed sharing and exchange, difficult data tracing and data sensitivity, which increases the cost and difficulty of each diagnosis. Moreover, patients lack the right to know and control their own medical data, which is easy to cause data fraud or data leakage. As a decentralized, tamper proof and traceable distributed ledger system, blockchain brings new solutions to these problems. This paper designs a medical data fusion and distributed privacy management system based on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain development platform and InterPlanetary File System. It can not only solve the problem of mutual distrust in the traditional system, but also realize the safe data storage and the safe sharing of medical record data between medical organizations which is a beneficial attempt to overcome the disadvantages of traditional hospital data separation. At the same time, according to the requirements of different levels and types of medical users or groups for data security and personal privacy protection, the access control technology of users is studied to ensure personal privacy data. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Blockchain

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Marginal Value-Based Edge Resource Pricing and Allocation for Deadline-Sensitive Tasks

Marginal Value-Based Edge Resource Pricing and Allocation fo...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE Computer and Communications Societies

作者： Puwei Wang Zhouxing Sun Ying Zhan Haoran Li Xiaoyong Du School of Information Renmin University of China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Renmin University of China Beijing China Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang City China

In edge computing (EC), resource allocation is to allocate computing, storage and networking resources on the edge nodes (ENs) efficiently and reasonably to tasks generated by users. Due to the resource-limitation of ENs, the tasks often need to compete for the resources. Pricing mechanisms are widely used to deal with the resource allocation problem, and the valuations of tasks play a critical role in the price mechanisms. However, users naturally are not willing to expose the valuations of their tasks due to conflicts of interests. Current research works usually adopt truthful auctions to motivate the users to report honestly the valuations of their tasks. In this paper, we introduce the marginal value to estimate the valuations of tasks, and propose a marginal value-based pricing mechanism using the incentive theory, which motivates the tasks with higher marginal values to actively request more resources. The EC platform sets the resource prices using the price mechanism, and then the users determine their resource requests relying on the resource prices and the valuations of their tasks. After receiving the deadline-sensitive tasks from the users, the resource allocation can be modeled as a knapsack problem with the deadline constraints. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our approach is computationally efficient and is promising in enhancing the utility of the EC platform and the tasks.

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Counterfactual Faithful data Generation Based on Disentangled Representation for Compound Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings 3

Counterfactual Faithful Data Generation Based on Disentangle...

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3rd International Conference on Sensing, Measurement and data Analytics in the Era of Artificial Intelligence, ICSMD 2022

作者： Ding, Xu Zhu, Qiang Wang, Song Zhang, Yiqi Wang, Hui Xu, Juan Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology Hefei University of Technology Hefei China School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Bengbu Triumph Engineering Technology Co. Ltd Bengbu China Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data School of Computer and Information Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665492812

Recently, deep learning and human-out-of-the-loop methods enjoy their prosperous applications in mechanical fault diagnosis. Nonetheless, the None-IID(independent and identically distributed) issue radicated in acquired data severely limits the stability and accuracy of compound fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. This paper proposes a sample augmentation method for generating simulated signals based on the concept of counterfactuals. Firstly, disentangled representations and counterfactual faithful theory are applied to classify the original signal into two categories of properties. One is the fault semantics encoded from the original vibration signal. And the other is the sample attribute encoded by the encoder of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). Secondly, the counterfactual faithful pseudo-samples are conjured through the Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) using the seeds of the 'factual' sample attributes and 'counterfactual' fault semantics to compensate for the drawback of distribution shift. Finally, the original samples and pseudo-samples are used as the CNN classifier dataset to realize bearing fault diagnosis. Experiments show that this method can generate counterfactual signals that are highly consistent with the original data distribution and can achieve better classification accuracy after balancing the dataset. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： counterfactual faithfulness fault diagnosis rolling bearing structural causal model VAEGAN

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Learning from Semi-Factuals: A Debiased and Semantic-Aware Framework for Generalized Relation Discovery

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jiaxin Zhang, Lingling Liu, Jun Guo, Tianlin Wu, Wenjun The School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China National Engineering Lab for Big Data Analytics Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

We introduce a novel task, called Generalized Relation Discovery (GRD), for open-world relation extraction. GRD aims to identify unlabeled instances in existing pre-defined relations or discover novel relations by assigning instances to clusters as well as providing specific meanings for these clusters. The key challenges of GRD are how to mitigate the serious model biases caused by labeled pre-defined relations to learn effective relational representations and how to determine the specific semantics of novel relations during classifying or clustering unlabeled instances. We then propose a novel framework, SFGRD, for this task to solve the above issues by learning from semi-factuals in two stages. The first stage is semi-factual generation implemented by a tri-view debiased relation representation module, in which we take each original sentence as the main view and design two debiased views to generate semi-factual examples for this sentence. The second stage is semi-factual thinking executed by a dual-space tri-view collaborative relation learning module, where we design a cluster-semantic space and a class-index space to learn relational semantics and relation label indices, respectively. In addition, we devise alignment and selection strategies to integrate two spaces and establish a self-supervised learning loop for unlabeled data by doing semi-factual thinking across three views. Extensive experimental results show that SFGRD surpasses state-of-the-art models in terms of accuracy by 2.36% ∼5.78% and cosine similarity by 32.19%∼ 84.45% for relation label index and relation semantic quality, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to exploit the efficacy of semi-factuals in relation extraction. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extraction

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Mitigating Label-Noise for Facial Expression Recognition in the Wild

Mitigating Label-Noise for Facial Expression Recognition in ...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2022

作者： Yan, Huan Gu, Yu Zhang, Xiang Wang, Yantong Ji, Yusheng Ren, Fuji School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology S2AC Lab China Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Security Situation Awareness and Evaluation China National Institute of Informatics Tokushima University Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665485630

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485630

Label-noise constitutes a major challenge for facial expression recognition in the wild due to the ambiguity of facial expressions worsened by low-quality images. To deal with this problem, we propose a simple but effective Label-noise Robust Network (LRN) which explores the inter-class correlations for mitigating ambiguity that usually happens between morphologically similar classes. Specifically, LRN leverages a multivariate normal distribution to model such correlations at the final hidden layer of the neural network to suppress the heteroscedastic uncertainty caused by inter-class label noise. Furthermore, LRN utilizes a confidence-based label-free loss to extract compact intra-class feature representations under label noise while preserving the intrinsic inter-class relationships. Experiments on three in-the-wild facial expression datasets demonstrates the superiority of our method. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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FOSS: A Self-Learned Doctor for Query Optimizer

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhong, Kai Sun, Luming Ji, Tao Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong Renmin University of China China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China Engineering Research Center of Database and Business Intelligence MOE China Shanghai Yunxi Technology Co. Ltd. China

Various works have utilized deep learning to address the query optimization problem in database system. They either learn to construct plans from scratch in a bottom-up manner or steer the plan generation behavior of traditional optimizer using hints. While these methods have achieved some success, they face challenges in either low training efficiency or limited plan search space. To address these challenges, we introduce FOSS, a novel framework for query optimization based on deep reinforcement learning. FOSS initiates optimization from the original plan generated by a traditional optimizer and incrementally refines suboptimal nodes of the plan through a sequence of actions. Additionally, we devise an asymmetric advantage model to evaluate the advantage between two plans. We integrate it with a traditional optimizer to form a simulated environment. Leveraging this simulated environment, FOSS can bootstrap itself to rapidly generate a large amount of high-quality simulated experiences. FOSS then learns from these experiences to improve its optimization capability. We evaluate the performance of FOSS on Join Order Benchmark, TPC-DS, and Stack Overflow. The experimental results demonstrate that FOSS outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of latency performance. Compared to PostgreSQL, FOSS achieves speedup ranging from 1.15x to 8.33x in total latency across different benchmarks. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Task Offloading Optimization Based on Position Prediction in Pedestrian- Robot Mixed Traffic Flows

Task Offloading Optimization Based on Position Prediction in...

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International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC)

作者： Dawen Zheng Lusheng Wang Caihong Kai Min Peng Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

Service robots play an increasingly important role in people's daily life. The density of pedestrians is large and the movement is irregular in pedestrian-robot mixed traffic flows. Robots are prone to collision with pedestrians, and the tasks to be offloaded are closely related to pedestrians. How to analyze the tasks of robots and select the appropriate roadside unit is an important issue. In this paper, the social force model is used to predict the positions of pedestrians and robots, taking into account the influence of various forces to avoid collisions. A task offloading resource optimization algorithm with position prediction is proposed. According to the predicted information, the size and position distribution of all tasks in the scenario are obtained, and then the neural network trained beforehand based on deep Q-Iearning is used to generate a task offloading strategy. The simulation results show that the running time of the proposed algorithm is very short, and the resource allocation required for task offloading is completed in advance based on the predicted information before robots arriving the corresponding positions. Besides, the algorithm significantly reduces the task offloading delay.

关键词： Service robots Simulation Force Predictive models Prediction algorithms Delays Task analysis

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Unveiling Funded Research: Impact and Dual Innovation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Alex Jie School of Information Management Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service Nanjing210023 China International Joint Informatics Laboratory Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

In the relentless pursuit of scientific advancement, comprehending the profound impact and innovation nature inherent in funded research projects assumes paramount significance. To illuminate this matter, I delve into the realm of research supported by the esteemed National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the distinguished National Science Foundation (NSF). Our evaluative framework encompasses a spectrum of metrics, including the 5-year citation, normalized citation, and citation to patents, as markers of research impact. Moreover, I embrace ex-ante innovation (Novelty) and ex-post innovation (Disruption) as dual indispensable yardsticks for evaluating the innovative nature of research projects. Novelty denotes the manifestation of atypical combinations of existing knowledge, while Disruption signifies the extent of paradigm-shifting potential and the ability to exert a disruptive influence on future research endeavors. First, the analysis reveals that funded research projects manifest a conspicuously heightened impact in comparison to their non-funded counterparts. Second, I uncover a noteworthy finding, namely that funded research demonstrates significantly higher levels of ex-ante innovation (Novelty). However, in a surprising twist, the investigation also uncovers that funded research exhibits significantly lower levels of ex-post innovation (Disruption). Additionally, I undertake a meticulous scrutiny of the robustness of the research findings by scrutinizing patterns across disparate years and fields. This comprehensive analysis further unveils inconspicuous heterogeneity, thus substantiating the multifaceted nature of funded research and the vast potential for its innovation across various disciplines and temporal dimensions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Patents and inventions

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Embedding VLAD in Transformer for Video Question Answering

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Jisuanji Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Computers 2023年第4期46卷 671-689页

作者： Guo, Dan Yao, Shen-Tao Wang, Hui Wang, Meng School of Computer and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230601 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei230094 China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data（Hefei University of Technology） Ministry of Education Hefei230601 China Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province（Hefei University of Technology） Hefei230601 China

Video question answering（VideoQA）is a typical cross-modal understanding task. Its challenge lies in how to learn appropriate multimodal representation and cross-modal correlation for answer inference. Most existing video question answering methods focus on the latter，e. g.，relationship learning between each video frame or clip and word. In this work， we devote to advanced feature embedding of both video and query. We develop a clustering-based VLAD technique for VideoQA. The novelty of our work is the joint exploitation of temporal aggregation and correlation in multimodality. We propose an end-to-end trainable Transformed VLAD embedding network， named TVLAD-Net. TVLAD-Net constructs a differentiable aggregation network module（i. e.， convolutional Residual-less VLAD Block）to generate compact VLAD descriptors（transforming N frames，clips or words to compact K descriptors while K © 2023 Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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