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Who knows more? The role of structural hole spanners in accurate information identification on social media

Pacific-Basin Finance Journal 2025年 93卷

作者： Man Guo Wen Long Yanqiang Zhong Wei Zhang School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China Research Center on Fictitious Economy & Data Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining & Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China Department of Information Systems and Management Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 PR China

Based on structural hole theory, this study explores the differences in the ability of Chinese social media users with different characteristics to provide accurate information. Using over 20 million interactive data from 2.19 million users, we construct a social network and identify structural hole spanners and ordinary users. As key players in a network, structural hole spanners are typically located at the intersections of different groups or information sources. They differ from ordinary users in the way they gather and disseminate information. The empirical results indicate that the accuracy of market judgements by structural hole spanners is at least 12.38 % higher than that of ordinary users. Strategy simulations show that using information from structural hole spanners to make investment decisions can achieve a 116 % cumulative return during the backtesting period, nearly four times that of ordinary users. This information advantage occurs primarily because opinion distance and information uniqueness play significant roles in improving information accuracy. This study not only helps deepen understanding of information dissemination characteristics among heterogeneous users on social media but also provides empirical support for the application of structural hole theory in finance, with important theoretical and practical implications.

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Intervention Prediction for Patients with Pressure Injury Using Random Forest

Intervention Prediction for Patients with Pressure Injury Us...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Liuqi Jin Yan Pan Jiaoyun Yang Lin Han Lin Lv Miki Raviv Ning An Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data of the Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Evidence-Based Nursing Center School of Nursing Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Gansu Provincal Hospital Wound and Ostomy Care Center Lanzhou China Vitalerter LTD Ha-Yarden Airport City Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438599

Pressure injury (PI) is one of the major causes of short-term death. Early intervention for patients at risk plays an essential role in PI. However, many nurses may ignore risks. This paper aims to establish a model to predict interventions according to the patient's physical signs, which can help nurses develop care plans. We used data from 1,483 patients with 25 characteristics and 17 interventions. We use the Random Forest and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to optimize model parameters. Then we compared it with KNN, SVM, and Decision Tree. The 10-fold cross-validation result showed that the Random Forest has better accuracy than other methods, with an f1 score of 0.84. This finding proved the feasibility of using machine learning to help formulate care plans according to the classification of index prediction results. Our model shows that hemoglobin, Braden PI score, and age are the three most influential risk factors.

关键词： Support vector machines Conferences Forestry Predictive models Indexes Decision trees Particle swarm optimization

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TCMKG: A Deep Learning Based Traditional Chinese Medicine knowledge Graph Platform

TCMKG: A Deep Learning Based Traditional Chinese Medicine Kn...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Ziqiang Zheng Yongguo Liu Yun Zhang Chuanbiao Wen Knowledge and Data Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China College of Medical Information Engineering Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9781728181561

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181578

As an effective and novel knowledge management technology, knowledge graph can provide a new way for the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the construction of the knowledge graph of TCM is still mainly based on structured data at present. With the accumulation of literatures and electronic medical records, a large amount of knowledge is stored in unstructured texts which urgently needs to be extracted for learning. In this study, we extract TCM core concepts and build ontology layer by analyzing the process of TCM diagnosis and treatment. Then we use deep learning to extract entities and their relations for building TCM knowledge graph from unstructured data. Finally, we build an end-to-end platform TCMKG based on knowledge graph, which can provide functions such as knowledge retrieval, visualization and data management for helping the learning and sharing of TCM knowledge.

关键词： Ontologies data visualization Semantics data mining Medical diagnostic imaging Crawlers

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Corrigendum to “Do we measure novelty when we analyze unusual combinations of cited references? A validation study of bibliometric novelty indicators based on F1000Prime data” [Journal of Informetrics 13/4 (2019) 100979]

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Journal of Informetrics 2024年第3期18卷

作者： Lutz Bornmann Alexander Tekles Helena H. Zhang Fred Y. Ye Science Policy and Strategy Department Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society Hofgartenstr. 8 80539 Munich Germany University of Passau Innstr. 41 94032 Passau Germany Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service School of Information Management Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China

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Deep Reinforcement Learning with Transformers for Text Adventure Games

Deep Reinforcement Learning with Transformers for Text Adven...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games, CIG

作者： Yunqiu Xu Ling Chen Meng Fang Yang Wang Chengqi Zhang Centre for Artificial Intelligence University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia Tencent Robotics X Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) Hefei University of Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9781728145334

ISBN: (纸本)9781728145341

In this paper, we study transformers for text-based games. As a promising replacement of recurrent modules in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, the transformer architecture could be treated as a powerful state representation generator for reinforcement learning. However, the vanilla transformer is neither effective nor efficient to learn with a huge amount of weight parameters. Unlike existing research that encodes states using LSTMs or GRUs, we develop a novel lightweight transformer-based representation generator featured with reordered layer normalization, weight sharing and block-wise aggregation. The experimental results show that our proposed model not only solves single games with much fewer interactions, but also achieves better generalization on a set of unseen games. Furthermore, our model outperforms state-of-the-art agents in a variety of man-made games.

关键词： Games Generators Task analysis Reinforcement learning Logic gates Buildings Computer architecture

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The minority matters: a diversity-promoting collaborative metric learning algorithm 22

The minority matters: a diversity-promoting collaborative me...

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Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Shilong Bao Qianqian Xu Zhiyong Yang Yuan He Xiaochun Cao Qingming Huang State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering CAS and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Alibaba Group School of Cyber Science and Technology Shenzhen Campus Sun Yat-sen University Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS and School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS and Peng Cheng Laboratory

ISBN: (纸本)9781713871088

Collaborative Metric Learning (CML) has recently emerged as a popular method in recommendation systems (RS), closing the gap between metric learning and Collaborative Filtering. Following the convention of RS, existing methods exploit unique user representation in their model design. This paper focuses on a challenging scenario where a user has multiple categories of interests. Under this setting, we argue that the unique user representation might induce preference bias, especially when the item category distribution is imbalanced. To address this issue, we propose a novel method called Diversity-Promoting Collaborative Metric Learning (DPCML), with the hope of considering the commonly ignored minority interest of the user. The key idea behind DPCML is to include a multiple set of representations for each user in the system. Based on this embedding paradigm, user preference toward an item is aggregated from different embeddings by taking the minimum item-user distance among the user embedding set. Furthermore, we observe that the diversity of the embeddings for the same user also plays an essential role in the model. To this end, we propose a Diversity Control Regularization Scheme (DCRS) to accommodate the multi-vector representation strategy better. Theoretically, we show that DPCML could generalize well to unseen test data by tackling the challenge of the annoying operation that comes from the minimum value. Experiments over a range of benchmark datasets speak to the efficacy of DPCML.

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Liver Segmentation in Time-resolved C-arm CT Volumes Reconstructed from Dynamic Perfusion Scans using Time Separation Technique

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chatterjee, Soumick Haseljić, Hana Frysch, Robert Kulvait, Vojtěch Semshchikov, Vladimir Hensen, Bennet Wacker, Frank Brüsch, Inga Werncke, Thomas Speck, Oliver Nürnberger, Andreas Rose, Georg Institute for Medical Engineering Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Faculty of Computer Science Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Research Campus STIMULATE Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon Geesthacht Germany German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Magdeburg Germany Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg Germany Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany Institute for Laboratory Animal Science Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany

Perfusion imaging is a valuable tool for diagnosing and treatment planning for liver tumours. The time separation technique (TST) has been successfully used for modelling C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) perfusion data. The reconstruction can be accompanied by the segmentation of the liver - for better visualisation and for generating comprehensive perfusion maps. Recently introduced Turbolift learning has been seen to perform well while working with TST reconstructions, but has not been explored for the time-resolved volumes (TRV) estimated out of TST reconstructions. The segmentation of the TRVs can be useful for tracking the movement of the liver over time. This research explores this possibility by training the multi-scale attention UNet of Turbolift learning at its third stage on the TRVs and shows the robustness of Turbolift learning since it can even work efficiently with the TRVs, resulting in a Dice score of 0.864±0.004. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Deep Learning on Monocular Object Pose Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Overview

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Fan, Zhaoxin Zhu, Yazhi He, Yulin Sun, Qi Liu, Hongyan He, Jun Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of MOE School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China No. 59 Zhongguancun Street Haidian Dist Beijing100872 China Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University No.3 Shangyuancun Haidian Dist. Beijing China School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University Haidian Dist Beijing100084 China

Object pose detection and tracking has recently attracted increasing attention due to its wide applications in many areas, such as autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality. Among methods for object pose detection and tracking, deep learning is the most promising one that has shown better performance than others. However, survey study about the latest development of deep learning-based methods is lacking. Therefore, this study presents a comprehensive review of recent progress in object pose detection and tracking that belongs to the deep learning technical route. To achieve a more thorough introduction, the scope of this study is limited to methods taking monocular RGB/RGBD data as input and covering three kinds of major tasks: instance-level monocular object pose detection, category-level monocular object pose detection, and monocular object pose tracking. In our work, metrics, datasets, and methods of both detection and tracking are presented in detail. Comparative results of current state-of-the-art methods on several publicly available datasets are also presented, together with insightful observations and inspiring future research directions. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Dictionary Pair-based data-Free Fast Deep Neural Network Compression

Dictionary Pair-based Data-Free Fast Deep Neural Network Com...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Yangcheng Gao Zhao Zhang Haijun Zhang Mingbo Zhao Yi Yang Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) & Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Xili University Town Shenzhen China City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Centre for Artificial Intelligence University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423991

Deep neural network (DNN) compression can reduce the memory footprint of deep networks effectively, so that the deep model can be deployed on the portable devices. However, most of the existing model compression methods cost lots of time, e.g., vector quantization or pruning, which makes them inept to the real-world applications that need fast online computation. In this paper, we therefore explore how to accelerate the model compression process by reducing the computation cost. Then, we propose a new deep model compression method, termed Dictionary Pair-based data-Free Fast DNN Compression, which aims at reducing the memory consumption of DNNs without extra training and can greatly improve the compression efficiency. Specifically, our proposed method performs tensor decomposition on the DNN model with a fast dictionary pair learning-based reconstruction approach, which can be deployed on different layers (e.g., convolution and fully-connection layers). Given a pre-trained DNN model, we first divide the parameters (i.e., weights) of each layer into a series of partitions for dictionary pair-based fast reconstruction, which can potentially discover more fine-grained information and provide the possibility for parallel model compression. Then, dictionaries of less memory occupation are learned to reconstruct the weights. Extensive experiments on popular DNNs (i.e., VGG-16, ResNet-18 and ResNet-50) showed that our proposed weight compression method can significantly reduce the memory footprint and speed up the compression process, with less performance loss.

关键词： Deep learning Training Performance evaluation Dictionaries Tensors Costs Computational modeling

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Discriminative Additive Scale Loss for Deep Imbalanced Classification and Embedding

Discriminative Additive Scale Loss for Deep Imbalanced Class...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Zhao Zhang Weiming Jiang Yang Wang Qiaolin Ye Mingbo Zhao Mingliang Xu Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) & Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Hefei China AI team Shanghai Shizhuang Information Technology Co. Ltd Shanghai China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China School of Information Science and Technology Donghua University Shanghai China School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423991

Real-world data in emerging applications may suffer from highly-skewed class imbalanced distribution, however how to deal with this kind of problem appropriately through deep learning needs further investigation. In this paper, we mainly propose a novel cross-entropy based loss function, referred to as Additive Scale Loss (ASL), for deep representation learning and imbalanced classification. To deal with the class imbalanced problem, ASL aims at increasing the loss in case of misclassification, which can avoid the superimposed loss values caused by the large amount of easily classified data in the unbalanced database to dominate the loss value of misclassified data. Moreover, in real-world applications, one data source may be used for multiple scenarios, such as classification and embedding learning, however training two separable models to handle these problems is costly, especially in deep learning area. To tackle this issue, we present and integrate a discriminative inter-class separation term into ASL, and propose a discriminative ASL (D-ASL), which can not only improve the classification performance, but also obtain discriminative representations simultaneously. The discriminative inter-class separation term is general, and can be easily integrated to other loss functions, such as CE and FL, as the byproducts. Finally, a new deep convolutional neural network equipped with D-ASL and a fully-connected (FC) layer is proposed, which can classify the imbalanced image data and obtain the discriminative representations at the same time. Extensive experimental results verified the superior performance of our method.

关键词： Deep learning Training Representation learning Additives databases Soft sensors Conferences

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