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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Alexander Holland Madjid Fathi Stefan Berlik Institute of Knowledge Based Systems and Knowledge Management University of Siegen Siegen Germany Institute of Practical Computer Science University of Siegen Siegen Germany

Among the various types of decision support systems, decision-theoretic models and rule-based systems have gained considerable attraction. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Decision-theoretic models like decision networks dispose of a sound fundamental mathematical basis and comfortable knowledge engineering tools. Rule-based systems provide an efficient execution architecture and represent knowledge in an explicit, intelligible way. In this paper, we consider fuzzy rule-based systems as a special type of condensed decision model. We outline a knowledge transformation and compilation scheme which allows one to transform a decision-theoretic model into a fuzzy rule base and, hence, to combine the advantages of both approaches. An experimental example is given as demonstration of the described techniques.

关键词： knowledge based systems knowledge engineering Fuzzy systems Uncertainty Decision support systems Mathematical model Decision making Expert systems Humans Bayesian methods

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Mapping goals and kinds of explanations to the knowledge containers of case-based reasoning systems

Mapping goals and kinds of explanations to the knowledge con...

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6th International Conference on Case-based Reasoning, ICCBR 2005

作者： Roth-Berghofer, Thomas R. Cassens, Jörg Knowledge-Based Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 67653 Kaiserslautern Germany Knowledge Management Department German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI GmbH Erwin-Schrödinger-Strae 57 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany 7491 Trondheim Norway

Research on explanation in Case-based Reasoning (CBR) is a topic that gains momentum. In this context, fundamental issues on what are and to which end do we use explanations have to be reconsidered. This article presents a prelimenary outline of the combination of two recently proposed classifications of explanations based on the type of the explanation itself and user goals which should be fulfilled. Further on, the contribution of the different knowledge containers for modeling the necessary knowledge is examined. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： knowledge based systems

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Working together in philosophy and informatics: An introduction to the contributions of the Second International Workshop on Philosophy and Informatics (WSPI 2005)

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3rd Biennial Conference on Professional knowledge management, WM 2005

作者： Deussen, Thilo Roth-Berghofer, Thomas R. Büchel, Gregor Klein, Bertin Department of Artificial Intelligence University of Ulm 89069 Ulm Germany Knowledge-Based Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 67653 Kaiserslautern Germany Institute of Communications Engineering University of Applied Sciences Cologne 50679 Cologne Germany Knowledge Management Department German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI GmbH Erwin-Schrodinger-Strae 57 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

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Bringing Neuroscience to the Semantic Web: The Semantic Synapse Project

Bringing Neuroscience to the Semantic Web: The Semantic Syna...

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International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, and International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce

作者： M. Samwald K.-P. Adlassnig Medical Expert and Knowledge-Based Systems Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Expert Systems and Quality Management in Medicine Vienna Austria

Neuroscientific research is increasingly hampered by the way scientific data and information is stored and communicated. Information is often presented in forms that are hardly machine processable and different information sources are poorly connected. The semantic synapse project aims to adapt semantic Web technologies to overcome these problems in neuroscientific research, focussing on a field of outstanding biological and medical importance: the neuronal synapse. An extensive set of ontologies about synaptic function is built through the analysis of neuroscientific literature and the conversion of existing databases into the Web ontology language (OWL). Neuro scientists will be given the ability to formulate and share their findings about synaptic function based on these ontologies. Existing semantic Web crawlers will be used to search the Internet for newly created ontologies relevant to the subject. A central Web portal gives researchers the ability to query and visualize the harvested information through a single interface

关键词： Neuroscience Semantic Web Ontologies Databases OWL Internet Diseases knowledge based systems Statistics Biomedical informatics

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Embedded knowledge-based Diagnostic Intelligence to Interpret Hepatitis Serology Test Results

Embedded Knowledge-Based Diagnostic Intelligence to Interpre...

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International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, and International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce

作者： K.-P. Adlassnig W. Horak A. Rappelsberger Y. Hayashi Medical Expert and Knowledge-Based Systems Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Expert Systems Quality Management in Medicine Vienna Austria Medexter Computersysteme GmbH Vienna Austria Department of Computer Science Meiji University Kawasaki Japan

Software-based medical knowledge modules are being increasingly integrated into health-care information systems in the hospital, the laboratory, the medical practice, and application systems for Web-based medical decision support. They have been developed to contribute to quality assurance in patient care, enhance the productivity and efficiency of medical work, and reduce costs in health care. This has been achieved by deploying medical knowledge modules to automatically interpret laboratory findings such as hepatitis A, B, and C serology test results in various health-care information systems

关键词： Liver diseases Testing Medical diagnostic imaging Information systems Laboratories Hospitals Application software Quality assurance Productivity Costs

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ICU-based Monitoring of Nosocomial Infections

ICU-Based Monitoring of Nosocomial Infections

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International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, and International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce

作者： K.-P. Adlassnig A. Blacky W. Koller Y. Hayashi Section on Medical Expert and Knowledge-Based Systems Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Expert Systems and Quality Management in Medicine Vienna Austria Clinical Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Computer Science Meiji University Kawasaki Japan

Nosocomial, or hospital-acquired, infections (NIs) are a frequent complication affecting hospitalized patients. The growing availability of computerized patient records in hospitals allows automated identification and extended monitoring of the signs of NI for the purpose of reducing NI rates. A fuzzy-and knowledge-based system to identify and monitor NIs at intensive care units according to the European surveillance system HELICS was developed. It was implemented into the information technology landscape of the Vienna General Hospital and is now being tested in a clinical study

关键词： Hospitals Patient monitoring Computerized monitoring Biomedical monitoring Laboratories Pathogens management information systems knowledge based systems Biology computing Artificial intelligence

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Learning from HOMER, A case-based help desk support system

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6th International Workshop on Learning Software Organizations, LSO 2004

作者： Roth-Berghofer, Thomas R. Knowledge-Based Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 Kaiserslautern67653 Germany Knowledge Management Department German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI GmbH Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 57 Kaiserslautern67663 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540221921

The Homer help desk support system, developed in the course of the Inreca-II project, is an example of applying Case-based Reasoning to problems of a software-intensive organization. This paper discusses, in retrospect, Homer with respect to change management processes at DaimlerChrysler and various feedback and learning possibilites that the help desk support system provided for itself, the help desk personnel, and the supported IT infrastructure of the car development department in Sindelfingen. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Case based reasoning

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Explanations and case-based reasoning: Foundational issues

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7th European Conference on Case-based Reasoning, ECCBR 2004

作者： Roth-Berghofer, Thomas R. Knowledge-Based Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 Kaiserslautern67653 Germany Knowledge Management Departmen German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI GmbH Erwin-Schr¨odinger-Straße 57 Kaiserslautern67663 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540228829

By design, Case-based Reasoning (CBR) systems do not need deep general knowledge. In contrast to (rule-based) expert systems, CBR systems can already be used with just some initial knowledge. Further knowledge can then be added manually or learned over time. CBR systems are not addressing a special group of users. Expert systems, on the other hand, are intended to solve problems similar to human experts. Because of the complexity and difficulty of building and using expert systems, research in this area addressed generating explanations right from the beginning. But for knowledge-intensive CBR applications, the demand for explanations is also growing. This paper is a first pass on examining issues concerning explanations produced by CBR systems from the knowledge containers perspective. It discusses what naturally can be explained by each of the four knowledge containers (vocabulary, similarity measures, adaptation knowledge, and case base) in relation to scientific, conceptual, and cognitive explanations. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Case based reasoning

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The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism

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Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2006年第3期8卷

作者： Barry Wellman Anabel Quan-Haase Jeffrey Boase Wenhong Chen Keith Hampton Isabel Díaz Kakuko Miyata In 1965 moved from his Bronx High School of Science slide rule to IBM cards and an 029 keypunch in the bowels of Harvard University. Since then he's been primarily interested in the interplay between large-scale social processes and how people use technology to be connected at work and in the community. His NetLab research network is trying to get a handle on how the Internet fits into everyday life. Wellman founded the International Network for Social Network Analysis in 1976. He is a recent Chair of the Community section of the American Sociological Association has been nominated for the Chair of the Communication and Information Technology section of the ASA the Virtual Community focus area leader for SIGGROUP/ACM and a Executive Cmmittee member of the Association for Internet Researchers. Wellman's (co)edited books are: Social Structures: A Network Approach (2d ed CSPI 2003) Networks in the Global Village (Westview Press 1999) and The Internet in Everyday Life (Blackwell Publishers 2002). Address:Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto Canada M5S 2G8. Fax: +1-416-978-7162 Address:Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto M5S 2G8 Canada. Address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass. Ave. Room 9-522 Cambridge MA 02139. Address:IN3 Av. Tibidabo 47 08035 Barcelona Spain. Phone: +*** Fax: +***. Address:Department of Sociology Meiji Gakuin University 1-2-37 Shirokanedai Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8636 JAPAN. Phone: +81-3-5421-5565 Fax: +81-3-5421-5697. Doctoral student at the Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto. She has been a Fellow of the Knowledge Media Design Institute and the McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology. Her articles address the nature of Internet-related social change for social integration and information flow. Her articles have examined the implications of these changes for communities and her thesis focuses on organizations. University of Toronto doctoral

We review the evidence from a number of surveys in which our NetLab has been involved about the extent to which the Internet is transforming or enhancing community. The studies show that the Internet is used for connectivity locally as well as globally, although the nature of its use varies in different countries. Internet use is adding on to other forms of communication, rather than replacing them. Internet use is reinforcing the pre-existing turn to societies in the developed world that are organized around networked individualism rather than group or local solidarities. The result has important implications for civic involvement.

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The open assembly model for the exchange of assembly and tolerance information: Overview and example

The open assembly model for the exchange of assembly and tol...

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2004 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference

作者： Baysal, M.M. Roy, U. Sudarsan, R. Sriram, R.D. Lyons, K.W. Knowledge Based Eng. Laboratory Dept. of Mechanical Eng. Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244-1240 United States Engineering Management Department George Washington University Gaithersburg MD 20899 United States Mfg. Systems Integration Division Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology Gaithersburg MD 20899 United States Design and Process Group Mfg. Systems Integration Division Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology Gaithersburg MD 20899 United States

In early design phases an effective information exchange among CAD (Computer Aided Design) tools depends on a standardized representation for the product data in all PLM (Product Lifecycle management) tools. The NIST Core Product Model (CPM) and its extension are proposed to provide the required base-level product model that is open, non-proprietary, generic, extensible, independent of any one product development process and capable of capturing the full engineering context commonly shared in product development. The Open Assembly Model (OAM) Model extends CPM to provide a standard representation and exchange protocol for assembly. The assembly information model emphasizes the nature and information requirements for part features and assembly relationships. The model includes both assembly as a concept and assembly as a data structure. For the latter it uses the model data structures of ISO 10303, informally known as the Standard for the Exchange of Product model data (STEP). The objective of the paper is to show how the OAM can be used to realize seamless integration of product information, with an emphasis on assembly, throughout all phases of a product design. A gearbox design example is used to illustrate the process.

关键词： Computer aided design

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