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Heavy metal(loid)s and nutrients in sewage sludge in Portugal – Suitability for use in agricultural soils and assessment of potential risks

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 964卷 178595页

作者： Rocha, Filipe Ratola, Nuno Homem, Vera LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

The presence of heavy metal(loid)s in sewage sludge is a cause of concern and an obstacle to its agricultural valorisation. This study analysed the elemental composition of sewage sludge from 42 Portuguese wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) during summer and winter, investigating heavy metal(loid) contamination, nutrient content, and potential risks related to sludge application to agricultural soils. Levels of 8 heavy metal(loid)s were investigated, ranging from not detected (Hg) to 5120 mg kg−1 dw (Zn), decreasing in the order Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > As>Cd > Hg. The legal requirements for agricultural use of sludge were overall met, but elevated levels of Zn and Cu, linked to industrial sources, exceeded the permitted limits in 3 WWTPs. On average, N, P, K, Mg, and Ca comprised 80 % of the sludge nutrient profile. No seasonal variations were found, but sludge composition varied with WWTP size, wastewater origin, and between thickened and digested samples. Environmental hazard indicators showed significant sludge contamination with Zn, Cu, and Cd. However, the geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk indicators, and risk characterization ratios showed no significant risks to sludge-amended soils, assuming a single application of 5 tons ha−1. Human health risk assessment for workers handling sewage sludge identified dermal contact as the main route of exposure, with non-carcinogenic risk for Cr and carcinogenic risk for Ni and Cr at the highest reported levels. Sewage sludge produced in Portugal was considered suitable for agricultural use, provided that it is closely monitored and well-managed to meet the needs of crops and receiving soils, while mitigating environmental risks. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Sewage sludge

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Managing indoor air quality in nursery and primary schools with low-cost solutions 17

Managing indoor air quality in nursery and primary schools w...

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17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022

作者： Sá, Juliana P. Branco, Pedro T.B.S. Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C.M. Martins, Fernando G. Sousa, Sofia I.V. LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using low-cost solutions to monitor and mitigate PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in nursery and primary schools in Porto (Portugal). Three periods were considered: i) early 2020 (before COVID-19 pandemic), ii) early 2021 (during COVID-19 pandemic, with mitigation measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread);and iii) in the middle of 2021 (additionally using a low-cost portable air cleaner). PM2.5 and PM10 were continuously monitored with a low-cost sensing device for at least two consecutive days in five classrooms. In general, the lowest PM concentrations were observed in the third period. Concentrations reduced up to 63% from the second to the third period. The application of low-cost solutions for monitoring and mitigating PM levels seems to be an effective tool for managing indoor air in schools. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： COVID-19

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Schools' indoor air associated with childhood asthma: evidence from a multipollutant approach 17

Schools' indoor air associated with childhood asthma: eviden...

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17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022

作者： Branco, Pedro Alvim-Ferraz, Maria Martins, Fernando Sousa, Sofia LEPABE - Laboratory Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

Poor indoor air quality in schools has been reported and related to children's respiratory health, but studies are usually limited to single pollutant models. Thus, this work intended to quantify the associations between children's exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) and childhood asthma in schools by using a multipollutant modelling approach. This study included 1530 children attending 17 nursery and primary schools in Portugal. Multivariate models quantified the associations between children's exposure to IAP and: reported active wheezing, reported and diagnosed asthma, and lung function. This study found no evidence of a significant association between IAP in schools and the prevalence of childhood asthma. However, reported active wheezing was associated with higher NO2, and reduced FEV1 was associated with higher O3 and PM2.5, despite NO2 and O3 were always below the thresholds. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Indoor air pollution

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Parabens alter the surface characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of drinking water bacteria

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Chemosphere 2024年 368卷 143704页

作者： Pereira, Ana Rita Gomes, Inês B. Simões, Manuel LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

Parabens are markedly present in products of daily use, considered emerging environmental contaminants that can harm human health and aquatic life, due to their release into aquatic sources. The impact of the exposure of microbial communities to parabens remains unclear. This study investigates aspects of the mode of action of methylparaben (MP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BP), and MIX at environmental (15 μg/L) and in-use (15000 μg/L) concentrations, against two bacterial strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia previously isolated from drinking water (DW). BP showed the strongest antimicrobial activity, while MP exhibited the weakest. The mechanism of action of parabens at the selected concentrations was found to be related to perturbations on physicochemical bacterial cell surface properties and charge, by causing an increase of bacterial cell envelope hydrophilicity and zeta potential values. In addition, parabens may activate osmotic regulation mechanisms as observed by the increase in vacuole area for MP-exposed A. calcoaceticus. The bacterial metabolic activity as well as bacterial size was also affected by parabens exposure. MP exposure further enhanced the biofilm formation ability and increased bacterial tolerance to antibiotics. The results raise environmental implications, particularly concerning water quality and public health, as parabens exposure can potentiate the virulence of DW bacteria, increasing the risk of human exposure to harmful microorganisms. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Parabens

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Energy Policies, Education and Sustainable Development Goals Applied to Low Developed Countries - a Symbiotic Case Study 7

Energy Policies, Education and Sustainable Development Goals...

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7th IEEE International Humanitarian Technologies Conference, IHTC 2024

作者： Silva, Paulo Felgueiras, Carlos Santos, Adriano Pereira, Filipe Caetano, Nidia S. Martins, Florinda Onofrei, George Blue, Juanita Sintejudeanu, Mara Acitores, Adela Cruz, Francisco Martin, Alfonso Moreno, Susana Davey, Todd Collins, Monica Holly Spada, Dominic School of Engineering CIETI - Centre of Innovation on Engineering and Industrial Technology IPP-ISEP Porto Portugal School of Engineering CIDEM - Centre for Research IPP-ISEP Porto Portugal LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering Porto Portugal School of Engineering IPP-ISEP Porto Portugal ATU - Atlantic Technological University Donegal Ireland Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Universidad Europea Madrid Spain Institut Mines-Télécom Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354645

Energy, its use and management, weighs heavily on the burden that each society can impose on a fragile balance of nature, with implications not only environmental and financial, but also social, creating jobs and improving quality of life. Devising strategies that combine these three factors are a valuable option that will yield good results, meeting the challenge of fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The most important thing is to implement the old maxim: "no one is left behind", so low developed countries are an opportunity to achieve impressive results, while allowing them to improve their way of life and their comfort. It's often said that 'action begets reaction', so any positive action taken in the community can have social repercussions, such as improving the quality of education and knowledge about sustainability. This study will provide an overview of how energy management and environmental mitigation strategies can impact underdeveloped countries. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sustainable development goals

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Energy Transition in a Business Company—Solar PV for a Car Fleet 1

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9th International Conference on Energy and Environment Research, ICEER 2022

作者： Silva, Paulo Caetano, Nídia S. Felgueiras, Carlos CIETI—Centre of Innovation on Engineering and Industrial Technology/IPP-ISEP School of Engineering R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431 Porto4249-015 Portugal LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9783031435591

ISBN: (纸本)9783031435584

Fossil fuels are increasingly limited in today’s world, causing an energy crisis due to external factors, increasing prices in international markets. To solve this global problem, the energy transition related to mobility in companies that oversee their car fleets is highlighted. This transition to electric mobility influences several economic, technical, and social aspects, thus it becomes crucial for companies to adapt their infrastructure and dynamics to have more sustainable practices. According to the 2021–2022 EIB Climate Survey, 55% of Portuguese young people consider climate change when looking for a job. Furthermore, when asked about future car purchases, 84% of Portuguese car buyers say they will purchase either a hybrid or electric car, making Portugal the EU No. 1 country in terms of intentions to purchase electric cars. These statistics show the urgency for companies to adapt to future needs, as well as align with the European goals of reducing greenhouse gases emissions to 45% by 2030 and to zero by 2050. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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How to quantify impacts of low-cost solutions to mitigate indoor air pollution (IAP) in schools? 17

How to quantify impacts of low-cost solutions to mitigate in...

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17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022

作者： Branco, Pedro Sousa, Sofia Morawska, Lidia Annesi-Maesano, Isabella Sá, Juliana LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal Queensland University of Technology Australia University of Surrey United Kingdom INSERM France University of Montpellier France

After presentations and final discussion with all the participations, the main highlights/recommendations from this workshop are summarised in this section. Awareness of the impacts of IAP on health is still needed in the school community and can be done using low-cost monitoring. Moreover, if children are engaged in the monitoring (e.g. part of the curricula), they can take home the message, which helps to raise awareness. At the same time, low-cost monitoring serves as a guide to mitigate IAP and to implement simple and low-cost measures, such as increasing natural ventilation (cross-ventilation) and portable air cleaners (HEPA filter). The impact of IAP mitigation measures should be communicated regarding health benefits to increment children and school staff engagement in IAP reduction. For that, a multipollutant approach should be favoured, although its implementation has many challenges. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Indoor air pollution

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Correction to: Influence of machining parameters on edge quality of particleboards: modeling and optimization

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The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2024年第11期133卷 5483-5484页

作者： Garrido, Nuno Martins, Jorge Davim, João Paulo Carvalho, Luisa Department of Civil and Structural Engineering Wideform Pty Ltd.-Shin Wide Group of Companies Sydney Australia DEMAD ‑ Department of Wood Engineering Instituto Politécnico de Viseu Viseu Portugal LEPABE ‑ Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering AliCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal

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Impact of Parabens on Microalgae Bioremediation of Wastewaters: A Mechanistic Study

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Vale, Francisca Sousa, Cátia A. Sousa, Henrique Santos, Lúcia Simões, Manuel LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

The raising concerns from environmental contamination by emerging contaminants (ECs) pushes the need to develop efficient removal technologies in wastewater (WW) treatment plants. Microalgae-based bioremediation is gaining attention as a compelling solution for a cost-effective and sustainable WW treatment. However, there is a lack of scientific data regarding the capacity of microalgae for the removal of parabens at different concentrations as well as the removal mechanisms involved. This work aims to study the effects from methylparaben (MetP) exposure at 0.796 and 7.96 mg/L (10 and 100× higher than the maximum found in a WW influent) on the ability of Chlorella vulgaris to remove MetP and nutrients from a WW. This mechanistic study was undertaken using different physiological endpoints: cellular hydrophobicity (as extracellular interaction), metabolic activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation and photosynthetic efficiency. The presence of MetP did not alter the hydrophobicity of *** , which suggests that bioadsorption did not occur. Moreover, for 0.796 mg MetP/L no effects were observed in the metabolism, but for 7.96 mg/L a decrease in esterase activity and photosynthetic pigments production was observed, in line with a decrease of cellular growth. After 168 h, MetP was partly removed: 33.16% and 14.10%, for initial concentrations of 0.796 and 7.96 mg/L, respectively. Biodegradation and photodegradation were determinant for the lower concentration. For the extreme concentration *** was not capable to biodegrade MetP, being photodegradation the main removal mechanism. *** showed satisfactory growth and removal of the main nutrients (≥73%), which were not affected by the presence of MetP at the lower concentration, highlighting the ability of this microalga for the treatment of WW contaminated with parabens, even at extreme concentrations. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microorganisms

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Occupational exposure of firefighters to hazardous pollutants during prescribed fires in Portugal

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Chemosphere 2024年 352卷 141355页

作者： Barbosa, Joana V. Alvim-Ferraz, Maria C.M. Martins, Fernando G. Sousa, Sofia I.V. LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Doutor Roberto Frias Porto 4200-465 Portugal ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto 4200-465 Portugal

Firefighters perform high-risk activities and during the course of their functions are highly exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards, including air pollution. Thus, this study aimed to assess the exposure of firefighters in prescribed wildland fires and their occupational exposure, as well as to identify and chemically characterise the particles collected during wildland firefighting and inside fire stations. Exposure to wildfire smoke was evaluated in 7 prescribed fires in Portugal, 2 in the north and 5 in the south of Viseu district. The concentrations of PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, CO and VOCs were monitored and exceedances to occupational exposure limit values were identified. Moreover, the chemical composition of PM2.5 was analysed. The results showed that firefighters were exposed to high concentrations of these pollutants during prescribed fires and that, in some cases, exceeded occupational exposure limits, both for time-weighted average concentrations for an 8-h working day (a time-weighted average, TWA) of PM_2.5, and for short-term exposure values (STEL) of NO₂ and SO₂. Despite being exposed to very high concentrations of CO, no exceedances to the occupational exposure values were observed. FT-IR and SEM-EDS allowed to chemically characterise the composition of the particles collected inside the fire stations and also during wildland fires, identifying mainly quartz, aluminium and magnesium silicates, characteristic of earth's crust constituents. and also, fibres that have undergone combustion. Concluding, firefighters’ exposure to high concentrations of harmful pollutants, can lead to the degradation of their respiratory health. It is therefore extremely important to increase existing knowledge and conduct further studies, especially longitudinal ones, that can assess their lung function. This will allow an understanding of the impacts of smoke on firefighters' health and develop effective st

关键词： Air quality Health effects Occupational exposure Prescribed fire Wildland firefighters

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