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Roadmap to reduce the direct effects of climate change on building performance;A case study applied to the top 8 deserts and top 8 coldest regions in the world

Next Sustainability

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Next Sustainability 2023年 1卷

作者： Modeste Kameni Nematchoua Mahsan Sadeghi Sigrid Reiter Shady Attia School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University 1295 S. Knoles Dr. Building 90 room 320 Flagstaff AZ 86011 United States University of Liège ArGEnCo Local Environment Management & Analysis (LEMA) Allée de la Découverte 9 Quartier Polytech 1 4000 Liège Belgium Indoor Environmental Quality Lab School of Architecture Design and Planning The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia School of Built Environment The University of New South Wales Australia Sustainable Building Design Lab Dept. UEE Applied Sciences University of Liege Belgium

Climate change significantly impacts building performance. Indoor comfort, energy demand, carbon emissions, and building maintenance costs vary according to the local climate. This research has been conducted, to investigate, simulate, analyze, compare and discuss the potential impact of climate change on thermal comfort, heating and cooling energy needs in a hospital, hotel, school and residential home located in the top 8 deserts and the top 8 coldest regions in the world. Simulations were conducted for future climate using ten (10) general circulation models (GCM) based on three emission scenarios, namely B1(low emission), A1B (middle emission), and A2 (high emission); and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) (RCP2.6; RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5). The thermal performance of buildings was assessed for three periods (Current, 2050 and 2100). The results showed that in 2100, air temperature is expected to increase up to 4.9 °C in desert regions, this effect will produce an increase of 34.5% in cooling load, and 73% of the not comfortable rate in the buildings; while in the same year, in the coldest regions, the air temperature is expected to increase up to 5.5 °C, producing a decrease of heating load up to 15.5%, and an increase of comfort rate up to 25%. The thermal comfort temperature range was between 23.9 °C and 29.8 °C. In desert regions, the heating loads are very low, indeed, they represent only 6.5% of the total loads (loads used for cooling and heating), while in the coldest regions, the cooling loads represent only 7.3% of the total loads.

关键词： Climate change Building resilience Deserts Cold regions Nature Simulation

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GIScience in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Research Agenda Towards Autonomous GIS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Zhenlong Ning, Huan Gao, Song Janowicz, Krzysztof Li, Wenwen Arundel, Samantha T. Yang, Chaowei Bhaduri, Budhendra Wang, Shaowen Zhu, A. Xing Gahegan, Mark Shekhar, Shashi Ye, Xinyue McKenzie, Grant Cervone, Guido Hodgson, Michael E. Geoinformation and Big Data Research Lab Department of Geography The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Department of Geography University of Wisconsin – Madison WI United States STKO Lab Department of Geography and Regional Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria Spatial Analysis Research Center School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State University AZ United States Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science U.S. Geological Survey VA United States NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center Department of Geography & Geoinformation Science George Mason University VA United States TN United States CyberGIS Center for Advanced Digital and Spatial Studies Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States School of Computer Science University of Auckland New Zealand Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of Minnesota MN United States Department of Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning Center for Geospatial Sciences Applications & Technology Texas A&M University TX United States Platial Analysis Lab Department of Geography McGill University Quebec Canada Institute for Computational and Data Sciences Department of Geography The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Department of Geography University of South Carolina SC United States

The advent of generative AI exemplified by large language models (LLMs) opens new ways to represent and compute geographic information and transcends the process of geographic knowledge production, driving geographic information systems (GIS) towards autonomous GIS. Leveraging LLMs as the decision core, autonomous GIS can independently generate and execute geoprocessing workflows to perform spatial analysis. In this vision paper, we further elaborate on the concept of autonomous GIS and present a conceptual framework that defines its five autonomous goals, five autonomous levels, five core functions, and three operational scales. We demonstrate how autonomous GIS could perform geospatial data retrieval, spatial analysis, and map making with four proof-of-concept GIS agents. We conclude by identifying critical challenges and future research directions, including fine-tuning and self-growing decision-cores, autonomous modeling, and examining the societal and practical implications of autonomous GIS. By establishing the groundwork for a paradigm shift in GIScience, this paper envisions a future where GIS moves beyond traditional workflows to autonomously reason, derive, innovate, and advance geospatial solutions to pressing global challenges. Meanwhile, as we design and deploy increasingly intelligent geospatial systems, we carry a responsibility to ensure they are developed in socially responsible ways, serve the public good, and support the continued value of human geographic insight in an AI-augmented future. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Image retrieval

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Globally increased cropland soil exposure to climate extremes in recent decades

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-10页

作者： Feng, Luwei Wang, Yumiao Fensholt, Rasmus Tong, Xiaoye Tagesson, Torbern Zhang, Xiaoxin Ardö, Jonas Zhou, Jie Shao, Wenxuan Dou, Yujie Sang, Yirong Tian, Feng Hubei Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing of Land and Atmosphere School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan China Perception and Effectiveness Assessment for Carbon-neutrality Efforts Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education Institute for Carbon Neutrality Wuhan University Wuhan China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan University Wuhan China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Geography and Spatial Information Techniques Ningbo University Ningbo China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund Sweden Future Urbanity & Sustainable Environment (FUSE) Lab Division of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Architecture The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Central China Normal University Wuhan China

Soil quality is fundamental to nutrient-rich food production and the sustainability of terrestrial ecosystems. However, inappropriate agricultural practices often lead to persistent soil exposure to air and sunlight, which increases soil organic matter losses and erosion risks, particularly under climate extremes. Here, we provide a satellite-based mapping of daily soil exposure occurrence across global croplands from 2001 to 2022 and evaluate the associated degradation risks caused by extreme climate events. We find that while 57% of global croplands experienced a reduction in soil exposure duration in the past two decades, 86% are increasingly subjected to climate extremes. The areas exposed to increasing climate extremes tend to have higher soil organic carbon levels, indicating an intensified degradation risk of global nutrient-rich cropland soils. Our study offers spatio-temporally explicit insights into global cropland soil exposure and its vulnerability to climate extremes, providing evidence to support improvements in sustainable agriculture practices. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Model-based speech enhancement for intelligibility improvement in binaural hearing aids

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Kavalekalam, Mathew Shaji Nielsen, Jesper Kjær Boldt, Jesper Bünsow Christensen, Mads Græsbøll Audio Analysis Lab Department of Architecture Design and Media Technology Aalborg University GN Hearing Ballerup Denmark

Speech intelligibility is often severely degraded among hearing impaired individuals in situations such as the cocktail party scenario. The performance of the current hearing aid technology has been observed to be limited in these scenarios. In this paper, we propose a binaural speech enhancement framework that takes into consideration the speech production model. The enhancement framework proposed here is based on the Kalman filter that allows us to take the speech production dynamics into account during the enhancement process. The usage of a Kalman filter requires the estimation of clean speech and noise short term predictor (STP) parameters, and the clean speech pitch parameters. In this work, a binaural codebook-based method is proposed for estimating the STP parameters, and a directional pitch estimator based on the harmonic model and maximum likelihood principle is used to estimate the pitch parameters. The proposed method for estimating the STP and pitch parameters jointly uses the information from left and right ears, leading to a more robust estimation of the filter parameters. Objective measures such as PESQ and STOI have been used to evaluate the enhancement framework in different acoustic scenarios representative of the cocktail party scenario. We have also conducted subjective listening tests on a set of nine normal hearing subjects, to evaluate the performance in terms of intelligibility and quality improvement. The listening tests show that the proposed algorithm, even with access to only a single channel noisy observation, significantly improves the overall speech quality, and the speech intelligibility by up to 15%. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Audition

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Experimental study of breathers and rogue waves generated by random waves over non-uniform bathymetry

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, A. Ludu, A. Zong, Z. Zou, L. Pei, Y. School of Shipbuilding Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning116024 China Dept. Mathematics & Wave Lab Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona BeachFL United States Collaborative Centre of Advanced Ships and Deepwater Engineering DUT Dalian Liaoning116024 China Liaoning Deepwater Floating Structure Engineering Technology Lab Dalian Liaoning China School of Naval Architecture Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning116024 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment DUT Dalian Liaoning116024 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration Shanghai 200240 China

Experimental results describing random, uni-directional, long crested, water waves over non-uniform bathymetry confirm the formation of stable coherent wave packages traveling with almost uniform group velocity. The waves are generated with JONSWAP spectrum for various steepness, height and constant period. A set of statistical procedures were applied to the experimental data, including the space and time variation of kurtosis, skewness, BFI, Fourier and moving Fourier spectra, and probability distribution of wave heights. Stable wave packages formed out of the random field and traveling over shoals, valleys and slopes were compared with exact solutions of the NLS equation resulting in good matches and demonstrating that these packages are very similar to deep water breathers solutions, surviving over the non-uniform bathymetry. We also present events of formation of rogue waves over those regions where the BFI, kurtosis and skewness coefficients have maximal *** Codes 76B15, 76B25, 76D33, 76E30, 74J30, 74J35 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water waves

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The 2022 report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for China:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Qiang Zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Renjie Chen Shi Chen Wenhui Chen Jing Cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao Feng Guannan Geng Jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian Li Wei Li Xiaomei Li Jun Liu Xin Liu Zhu Liu Jinghui Ma Yue Qin Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Rui Wu Qingyang Xiao Yang Xie Xiaolong Xu Tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da Zhang Ning Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang Xin Zhang Zengkai Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2022,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

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Using Open Data and Open-Source Software to Develop Spatial Indicators of Urban Design and Transport Features for Achieving Healthy and Sustainable Cities

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Boeing, Geoff Higgs, Carl Liu, Shiqin Giles-Corti, Billie Sallis, James F. Cerin, Ester Lowe, Melanie Adlakha, Deepti Hinckson, Erica Vernez Moudon, Anne Salvo, Deborah Adams, Marc A. Vizeu Barrozo, Ligia Bozovic, Tamara Delclòs-Alió, Xavier Dygrýn, Jan Ferguson, Sara Gebel, Klaus Phuong Ho, Thanh Lai, Poh-Chin Carles Martori, Joan Nitvimol, Kornsupha Queralt, Ana Roberts, Jennifer D. Sambo, Garba H. Schipperijn, Jasper Vale, David Van de Weghe, Nico Vich, Guillem Arundel, Jonathan Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis Sol Price School of Public Policy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Healthy Liveable Cities Lab RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs Northeastern University BostonMA United States School of Population Health The University of Western Australia PerthWA Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic University MelbourneVIC Australia Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoCA United States School of Public Health The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Melbourne Centre for Cities University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC Australia Transport Health and Urban Design Research Lab Melbourne School of Design University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC Australia Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning Natural Learning Initiative College of Design North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Human Potential Centre School of Sport and Recreation Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Department of Urban Design and Planning Urban Form Lab University of Washington SeattleWA United States Prevention Research Center Brown School Washington University in St Louis St LouisMO United States College of Health Solutions Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory Arizona State University PhoenixAZ United States Department of Geography School of Philosophy Literature and Human Sciences University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Institute of Advanced Studies University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Barcelona Institute for Global Health Barcelona Spain Department of Geography Rovira i Virgili University Vilaseca Spain Faculty of Physical Culture Palacký University Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic School of Natural and Built Environment Queen's University

Benchmarking and monitoring urban design and transport features is critical to achieving local and international health and sustainability goals. However, most urban indicator frameworks use coarse spatial scales that only allow between-city comparisons or require expensive, technical, local spatial analyses for within-city comparisons. This study developed a reusable open-source urban indicator computational framework using open data to enable consistent local and global comparative analyses. We demonstrate this framework by calculating spatial indicators-for 25 diverse cities in 19 countries-of urban design and transport features that support health and sustainability. We link these indicators to cities' policy contexts and identify populations living above and below critical thresholds for physical activity through walking. Efforts to broaden participation in crowdsourcing data and to calculate globally consistent indicators are essential for planning evidence-informed urban interventions, monitoring policy impacts, and learning lessons from peer cities to achieve health, equity, and sustainability goals. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open Data

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Formal Verification for Embedded Implementation of Convex Optimization Algorithms

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2017年第1期50卷 5867-5874页

作者： Cohen R. Davy G. Feron E. Garoche P.-L. Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Onera The French Aerospace Lab Toulouse France CNRS-LAAS Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems Toulouse France

Advanced embedded algorithms are growing in complexity and length, related to the growth in autonomy, which allows systems to plan paths of their own. However, this promise cannot happen without proper attention to the considerably stronger operational constraints that safety-critical applications must meet. This paper discusses the formal verification for optimization algorithms with a particular emphasis on receding-horizon controllers. Following a brief historical overview, a prototype autocoder for embedded convex optimization algorithms will be discussed. Options for encoding code properties and proofs, and their applicability and limitations will be detailed as well. © 2017

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Corrigendum to “Unsteady mixed nano-bioconvection flow in a horizontal channel with its upper plate expanding or contracting” [Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 86 (2015) 174–182]

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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2018年 127卷 1284-1285页

作者： Ammarah Raees Hang Xu Shi-Jun Liao State Key Lab of Ocean Engineering School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics Research Group (NAAM) King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Jeddah Saudi Arabia

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High-entropy-doping effect in a rapid-charging Nb2O5 lithium-ion battery negative electrode

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4977页

作者： Junling Xu Fuqiang Xie Lipeng Huang Nana Li Shang Peng Wensheng Ma Kai Zhang Yanxue Wu Lianyi Shao Xiaoyan Shi Jizhang Chen Li Tao Zhonghua Zhang Yonggang Wang Zhipeng Sun School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China. jlxu@***. School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China. Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai China. School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China. Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin China. Analysis and Test Center Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China. Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China. Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education) School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China. Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Fudan University Shanghai China. ygwang@***. School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China. zpsunxj@***.

Doping is an important approach to tailor materials' properties, yet the success of doping can depend on factors such as ionic radii similarities. For materials like silicon or perovskite, doping is not only facile to implement but can also enhance material properties. However, for host lattice structures like NbO, doping without causing phase change is challenging. Here, we introduce a high-entropy-doping effect in NbO. Unlike traditional doping approaches, high-entropy-doping minimizes the chemical properties of doping elements and focuses solely on their quantities. By high-entropizing the doping elements (selecting 10-15 from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Ga, In, Sn, Sb, Y, Mo, La, Ce) and keeping them within a certain range of doping concentrations (1-3 %), a successful high-entropy-doping is achieved for NbO without phase change. The obtained high-entropy-doped (HED) NbO exhibits rapid-charging capabilities. At a rate of 40 A g, the HED-NbO delivers a capacity of 80 mAh g, whereas the undoped NbO fails to exceed 25 mAh g.

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