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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xi, Yuying Li, Helios Y. Li, Guohui Su, Qingmei Mao, Kaili Xu, Bingshe Hao, Yuying Fang, Nicholas X. Cui, Yanxia College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Key Lab of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong School of Materials Science and Engineering Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi’an710021 China Shanxi Semisic Crystal Co. Ltd. Taiyuan030000 China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030032 China

Growing demands for precise current measurements, such as atto-ampere-level measurement of cross-cellular biological current transduction, have spotlighted a pressing need for low-noise resistors with ultra-high resistance immune to voltage fluctuations. Traditional semi-insulating materials, however, struggle to provide consistent resistance across varying voltages. To bridge this gap, we introduce a design that integrates semi-insulating 4H-SiC with atomic-level metal oxide interlayers and electrodes. The strategic adjustment of surface states via atomic-scale metal oxide layers optimizes the work functions on 4H-SiC surfaces, validated through density functional theory simulations. This design transcends conventional limitations, establishing an ideal Ohmic behavior and maintains Peta-Ohm-level resistance, unaffected by voltage variations. These on-chip devices with fine-tuned resistance are compatible with integrated circuit manufacturing processes, making them ideally suited for applications in precision electronics. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Research on Lightweight Small Object Detection Method with Fusion Attention Mechanism

Research on Lightweight Small Object Detection Method with F...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Haowen Dai Bingyou Liu Guoyang Wan Jingjing Qi Luanfei Wan School of Electrical Engineering Anhui Polytechnic University Wuhu China The Key Lab. of Advanced Perception and Intelligent Control of High-End Equipment Ministry of Education Anhui Polytechnic University Wuhu China Anhui Dar Intelligent Control System Co. Ltd. Wuhu China Wuhu Institute of Technology Wuhu China

In the task of small object detection, due to the relatively small size of the objects, complex situations such as occlusion and overlap may arise in high-density scenes. These factors can significantly increase the issues of missed detections and false detections in object detection tasks. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper proposes a lightweight small object detection model, YOLOv5s-MGC. Firstly, we introduce an improved Mobilenetv3 network to replace the backbone network of YOLOv5s, aiming to improve the network's capability for effective feature extraction. Secondly, we incorporate the GSConv module into the feature fusion network to reduce model parameters and strengthen the network's ability in fusing feature information. Finally, we have integrated Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) at the forefront of the detection heads, achieving the fusion of fine-grained features. We assessed our approach on the openly accessible dataset ‘SHWD’ and contrasted the results with the baseline YOLOv5s and various SOTA object detection models. Precisely, our method attains an accuracy of 91.1%, exceeding the baseline module by 1.6%. Furthermore, the module size is reduced to 1.97MB and it achieves a 52.4 FPS. In comparison to other prevailing algorithms, YOLOv5s-MGC enables efficient and accurate small object detection.

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Novel distributed fiber Raman sensor and its application

Novel distributed fiber Raman sensor and its application

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2019 International Conference on Optical Instruments and Technology: Optical Sensor and Applications

作者： Zhang, Mingjiang Li, Jian Zhang, Jianzhong Qiao, Lijun Wang, Tao College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510636507

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a distributed optic-fiber sensor based on the Raman loop configuration and fiber loss characteristic for detecting the temperature and structure's crack. Among them, the Raman loop configuration with reference fiber is proposed to detect the temperature profile along the sensing fiber. It can eliminate the influence of external physical perturbation on the temperature measurement results, and don't require pre-calibration process before measurement. This proposed method improves the engineering applicability of optic-fiber sensors. In addition, the information of crack is detected by using the fiber loss characteristics based on OTDR technology. © 2020 SPIE.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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Single-shot fast 3D imaging through scattering media using structured illumination

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhai, Aiping Li, Yuancheng Zhao, Wenjing Wang, Dong Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Shanxi Province and Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China

Conventional approaches for 3D imaging in or through scattering media are usually limited to 2D reconstruction of objects at some discontinuous locations, although the time-consuming iteration, guide-star, or complex system are implemented. How to quickly visualize dynamic 3D objects behind scattering media is still an open issue. Here, by using structured light illumination, we propose a single-shot technique that can quickly acquire continuous 3D surfaces of objects hidden behind the diffuser. The proposed method can realize the 3D imaging of single, multiple, and dynamic targets from the speckled structured light patterns under broad or narrow band light illumination, in which only once calibration of the imaging setup is needed before conducting the imaging. Our approach paves the way to quickly visualize dynamic objects behind scattering media in 3D and multispectral. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Imaging systems

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A Monitoring Method for the Ice Shape and the Freeze-Thaw Process of Ice Accretion on Transmission Line Based on Circular FBG Plane Principal Strain Sensor

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Qin, Zhuoke Jia, Bin Shen, Xiahui Zhang, Lizhen Lu, Honggang Du, Chao Cui, Liqin Zhang, Li Deng, Xiao Taiyuan University of Technology College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan030024 China Scientific Research Office of Shanxi Electric Power Technical College Taiyuan030021 China Taiyuan University of Technology College of Physics and Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Physics Taiyuan030024 China

As a key infrastructure for China’s "West-to-East Power Transmission" project, transmission lines (TL) face the threat of ice accretion under complex microclimatic conditions. This study proposes a plane principal strain sensing method based on a fiber Bragg grating circular array, achieving synchronous monitoring of 6 strains (ranging from -2000 to 2000 μΕ) across the TL cross-section. Through finite element simulation experiments, a mapping relationship between the bending of TL and the plane principal strain has been established. After completing the sensor calibration, an experimental platform for the freeze-thaw process of ice accretion on the TL was built. The relationships between ice mass and bending strain, as well as the ice shape on the TL cross-section (C-shaped and circular ice) and plane principal strain, were studied. Furthermore, a BP neural network model was developed to determine the 4 states of the icing process (no ice/freeze/stable/thaw), achieving an accuracy of 91.23%. This study provides effective monitoring of the freeze-thaw process of ice accretion on the TL, offering important technical support for the prevention and control of ice accretion in power grid. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Velocity measurement

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Design and Flight Test of a Compact and Rapidly-Deployable Air-Launched Inflatable-Winged Aircraft

Design and Flight Test of a Compact and Rapidly-Deployable A...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Ge, Hang Xu, Yixiang Sun, Donglei Chen, Xinmin Chen, Boyang School of Aerospace Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China Zhejiang Ningbo315100 China Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering UNNC-NFTZ Blockchain Laboratory University of Nottingham Ningbo China Zhejiang Ningbo315100 China Advanced Intelligent Manufacturing Research Group Control System Lab University of Nottingham Ningbo China Zhejiang Ningbo315100 China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Special Aircraft Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315100 China

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

In this research, a high-altitude, compact and rapidly deployable, air-launched, inflatablewinged aircraft is designed, developed, and flight-tested to investigate the flight characteristics of inflatable-winged aircraft as well as the in-flight inflation and dynamic deployment properties when launched from various carriers. To start with, two types of inflatable wings employing different materials have been designed, fabricated, and tested, the tests including structural characteristics tests, inflation properties tests, and low-Reynolds-number wind-tunnel tests. A full-scale 30-kilogram prototype unmanned aerial vehicle with inflatable wings was then designed, assembled and tested with some basic low-altitude flights to verify the feasibility of the aerodynamic layout and the trim and stability and control characteristics. Finally, low- and high-altitude in-flight launches will be conducted to study the dynamic deployment properties and high-altitude flight characteristics of this design. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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Application of the High-Q Bouncing Ball Model Based on Fabry-Pérot Cavity for Alcohol Gas Concentration Detection

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sang, Luxiao Wang, Teng Zhao, Biao Ding, Jinyu Jian, Aoqun Sang, Shengbo Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan030031 China

This paper presents a method to enhance the Q factor of Fabry-Pérot cavities using a vertical dielectric interface (DI) made of silicon and air, which generates a bouncing ball model. The method is applied to detect alcohol gas concentrations with high resolution. Specifically, we introduce a 450 µm-thick silicon wafer into the Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity, where it is positioned at an angle of inclination. This addition considerably augments the light-matter interaction, effectively confining the light within the cavity. The Q factor of the FP cavity with DI is always higher than that of the open FP cavity in the inclination angle range of 0 to 1°. Moreover, the effective mode area of the FP cavity with DI is smaller. Furthermore, the FP cavity with DI reduces the effective mode area and diminishes the lateral walk-off loss experienced in the open FP cavity. Finally, we experimentally verified the effectiveness of this method by detecting alcohol gas concentrations ranging from 28.5 ppm to 142.5 ppm and achieving a Q factor improvement from 5.9×104 to 1.2×105. The system sensitivity was calculated to be 0.5294 pm/ppm, and the resolution obtained was 28.5 ppm. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon wafers

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A Graphical Pressure Sensor Array With Multilayered Structure: Written Through Graphene Ink on Cellulose Paper Substrate

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2021年

作者： Ji, Chao Zhang, Qiang Li, Qiang Pei, Zhen Zhao, Dong Yuan, Zhongyun Wang, Jie Zhang, Wendong Sang, Shengbo MicroNano System Research Center Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province College of Information and Computer Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030024 China

Paper based flexible pressure sensors have received extensive attention due to their recoverability and accessibility. In this paper, we proposed graphical pressure sensors array with multilayered structure. A simple writing method was adopted to achieve the adsorption of sensitive materials on the fiber structure of cellulose paper. Pressure sensors with 1, 3, 5 and 7 stacked layers were fabricated and compared, respectively. The results show that the 7-layers sensor combined high sensitivity (44 kPa-1) and fast time response (150 ms). The highly sensitive stacked paper-based sensor array realizes the pressure detection of objects and special-shaped surfaces. A pressure sensor base on commercial corrugated box was also fabricated to compare. The corrugated carton array was made to switch reminder devices for its convenience and accessibility. Since there are many scenarios that require a safe distance, especially under the influence of the COVID-19, the writable paper-based sensor array was used to realize graphical distance perception and warning. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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Small-Target Infrastructure Detection with Spatial Tracking and Multi-Level Feature Extraction of Railway Track Scenes

Small-Target Infrastructure Detection with Spatial Tracking ...

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intelligent Communication, Sensing and Electromagnetics (ICSE), International Conference on

作者： Heng Du Huaiming Cang Yiwen Bai Xinyi Wang Beijing Elephant Technology Co. Ltd Beijing China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China The State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System Beijing China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechanical System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education (Tianjin University of Technology) Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350354935

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354942

In the field of railway transportation, with the continuous improvement of train running speed and the continuous increase of operating mileage, it becomes particularly important to ensure the safety and integrity of small-target infrastructure along the railway train. Although many small-target detection methods have been proposed, the research on small-target infrastructure detection along rail trains is very rare. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a small-target infrastructure detection network with spatial tracking and multi-level feature extraction based on Yolov8n. The experimental results show that ST-YOLO has a 3.6% mAP improvement on the OSDaR23 dataset compared to the baseline Yolov8n, and shows significant advantages over other state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Rails Transportation Railway safety Switches Feature extraction Rail transportation Real-time systems Sensors Safety Monitoring

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Super-bunching light with giant high-order correlations and extreme multi-photon events

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Qin, Chengbing Li, Yuanyuan Yan, Yu Li, Jiamin Li, Xiangdong Song, Yunrui Zhang, Xuedong Han, Shuangping Liu, Zihua Guo, Yanqiang Zhang, Guofeng Chen, Ruiyun Hu, Jianyong Yang, Zhichun Liu, Xinhui Xiao, Liantuan Jia, Suotang State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Laser Spectroscopy Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China Department of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030024 China

Non-classical light sources emitting bundles of N-photons have essential applications ranging from fundamental tests to quantum information processing. However, high-order correlations, g(N)(0) (N≥2), are still limited to hundreds. Herein, we report the realizaiton of a super-bunching laser in a photonic crystal fiber with g(2)(0) reaching 5.86×104 and g(5)(0) reaching 2.72×108. This laser presented extreme photon-number fluctuations and ubiquitous multi-photon events, with the occurrence of 31 photons from a single light pulse at a mean of 1.99×10-4 photons per pulse. The probability of this extreme event has been enhanced 10139 times compared to a coherent laser with a Poissonian distribution. By varying the power of the pumping laser, both the photon number distributions and the corresponding high-order correlations could be substantially tailored from Poissonian to super-bunching distributions. Our study showcases the ability to achieve non-classical laser with giant high-order correlations and extreme photon-number fluctuations, paving the way for high-order correlation imaging, extreme nonlinear optical effects, hyperspectral image and multi-photon physics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photonic crystal fibers

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