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Communications in computer and Information Science 2008年 20 CCIS卷 VI页

作者： Hussain, D.M. Akbar Rajput, A.Q.K. Chowdhry, B.S. Gee, Q.H. Aalborg University Department of Software Engineering and Media Technology Niels Bohrs Vej 8 6700 Esbjerg Denmark Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Sindh 76062 Pakistan Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Jamshoro Sindh 76062 Pakistan University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science Learning Societies Lab. Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom

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A vision-based system for a UGV to handle a road intersection

A vision-based system for a UGV to handle a road intersectio...

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AAAI-07/IAAI-07 Proceedings: 22nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 19th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference

作者： Ahmed, Javed Shah, Mubarak Miller, Andrew Harper, Don Jafri, M.N. Computer Vision Lab. University of Central Florida Orlando FL-32816 United States Eng. Dept. National University of Sciences and Technology Rawalpindi-46000 Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)1577353234

We propose a real-time computer vision system that enables a UGV to safely cross urban road-intersections. Specifically, when the UGV approaches the stop sign at a 4-way intersection, it must be aware of the vehicles at the other three roads and adhere to traffic rules by waiting for its turn to proceed. The proposed solution consists of three main components: a vehicle detector, a tracker, and a finite-state-machine to model the traffic. We use an OT-MACH filter to detect the leading vehicle in each of three camera-views of the corresponding roads. Then, we track the vehicles using an edge-enhanced dynamic correlation tracker, which estimates the current and next positions, velocities, and accelerations of the vehicles. Finally, the finite-state-machine describes the traffic in each road with one of four possible states (i.e. No Vehicle Waiting, Arriving, Waiting, and Passing), and signals an autopilot system when it is safe to pass the intersection. We provide the results from an actual intersection with real traffic to demonstrate that the UGV is able to automatically navigate the intersection using the proposed system. Copyright © 2007, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： computer vision

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Gameplay design patterns for believable non-player characters

Gameplay design patterns for believable non-player character...

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3rd Digital Games Research Association International Conference: "Situated Play", DiGRA 2007

作者： Lankoski, Petri Björk, Staffan Media Lab. University of Art and Design Helsinki Hämeentie 135 C FI-00560 Helsinki Finland Interaction Design Collegium Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology and Göteborg University SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden

Descriptions of humans require several qualities for people to experience them as believable: human body;selfawareness, intentional states, and self impelled actions;expression of emotions;ability to use natural language;and persistent traits. Based on these we analyze non-player character Claudette Perrick in The Elders Scroll IV: Oblivion to detect how these qualities can be created in the interactive environment of a game. We derive the gameplay design patterns Awareness of Surrounding, Visual Body Damage, Dissectible Bodies, Initiative, Own Agenda, Sense of Self, Emotional Attachment, Contextual Conversational Responses, and Goal-Driven Personal Development, which point to design choices that can be made when designing believable non-player characters in games. © 2007 Authors & Digital Games Research Association (DiGRA).

关键词： Game design

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Rural telephony: A socio-economie case study

Rural telephony: A socio-economie case study

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2006 International Conference on Information and Communication technology and Development, ICTD 2006

作者： Sen, Sayandeep Kole, Sukant Raman, Bhaskaran Dept. of Computer Science and Engg Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur 208016 India Media Lab. Asia Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur 208016 India

ISBN: (纸本)1424404851

Information and Communication technology (ICT) has the potential to bring in development to rural areas in the third world. Any deployment of technology however should be backed by a positive economic activity to be sustainable. This paper reports on experience with the economics, as well as the social aspects of Voice-over-IP (VoIP) as a service. In Jan 2003, we established a WiFi link from a site with wired Internet connection to a remote village site. On learning the demand for a telephone facility at the village, we setup a VoIP service. The setup has been running with reasonable success since then. We have collected a wide variety of statistics on the usage of the service. Although we used the relatively low-cost WiFi technology, the expenses have been high. The capital expense is dominated by antenna tower (40m: U.S.$6,600). The WiFi equipment and the solar power system added significantly to the cost too (about U.S. $3,100). The revenue generated from the phone calls has averaged at about $52/month. Hence this service alone may not be sufficient, and other targeted services are necessary to sustain ICT in rural villages. However, on the positive side we think that telephony facility can attract potential ICT users to the setup since people can relate to the service immediately (unlike say, web browsing). © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Rural areas

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3D structure recovery from stereo using synchronous optimization processes

3D structure recovery from stereo using synchronous optimiza...

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2006 17th British Machine vision Conference, BMVC 2006

作者： Aydin, Tarkan Akgul, Yusuf Sinan Department of Computer and Mathematics Bahcesehir University Besiktas Istanbul 34349 Turkey GIT Vision Lab. Department of Computer Engineering Gebze Institute of Technology Cayirova Gebze Kocaeli 41400 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)1904410146

This paper presents a novel system that uses two synchronous optimization processes to recover 3D structure from rectified stereo image pairs. The synchronization of the processes are done by energy terms that inform the optimization processes about the recovered positions of each other. This information is used to direct the optimizations towards a better direction. The system is initialization insensitive and it is very robust against local minima. We performed experiments on real and synthetic images with ground truth that showed the effectiveness and the robustness of our system. We also compared our system to other systems for further validation.

关键词： Recovery

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Adaptive search window for object tracking in the crowds using undecimated wavelet packet features

Adaptive search window for object tracking in the crowds usi...

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2006 World Automation Congress, WAC'06

作者： Khansari, M. Rabiee, H.R. Asadi, M. Khadern Hamedani, P. Ghanbari, M. Digital Media Lab. Department of Computer Engineering Sharif University of Technology Iran Department of Computer Engineering Sharif University Iran Telecommunication Research Center Iran Department of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Essex United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)1889335339

In this paper, we propose an adaptive object tracking algorithm in crowded scenes. The amplitudes of of Undecimated Wavelet Packet Tree coefficients for some selected pixels at the object border are used to create a Feature Vector (FV) corresponding to that pixel. The algorithm uses these FVs to track the pixels of small square blocks located at the vicinity of the object boundary. The search window is adapted through the use of texture information of the scene by finding the direction and speed of the object motion. Experimental results show a good object tracking performance in crowds that include object translation, rotation, scaling and partial occlusion. Copyright - World Automation Congress (WAC) 2006,.

关键词： Target tracking

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How real should virtual characters be?

How real should virtual characters be?

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International Conference on Advances in computer Entertainment technology 2006

作者： Wagner, Daniel Billinghurst, Mark Schmalstieg, Dieter Graz University of Technology Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Inffeldgasse 16 Graz 8010 Austria University of Canterbury HIT Lab. New Zealand Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8004 New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)1595933808

In recent years 3D virtual characters have become more common in desktop interfaces, particularly in gaming and entertainment applications. In this paper we describe how augmented reality (AR) technology can be used to bring virtual characters into the real world and compare AR characters to other types of virtual characters. We have developed a handheld AR educational application in which a virtual character teaches users about art history. We present results from a user study that explores how realistic the character needs to be for it to be an effective and engaging educational tool and if augmented reality offers benefits for this type of application. © 2006 ACM.

关键词： Virtual corporation

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Design of limited buffer size for storing multiple reference frames in a video codec

Design of limited buffer size for storing multiple reference...

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IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON 2005)

作者： Chen, Chih-Chang Chen, Sheng-Shiung Chen, Oscal T. -C. Chen, Chien-Fa Chen, Fang-Chu Signal and Media Laboratories Dept. of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng Univ. Taiwan Digital Signal Processing Tech. Dept. Computer and Communications Research Lab. Industrial Technology Research Institute Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780780393110

Multiple reference frames are recommended for motion estimation and compensation to provide coding efficiency and error concealment in video codecs. However, multiple reference frames take more hardware cost than one reference frame used in the conventional video codecs. Hence, there is a need to reduce the memory size for storing multi-frames. In this work, we look closely at a MacroBlock (MB) of the currently decoded frame to determine the data type, compressed or reconstructed one, for storing itself, according to the coding parameters of blocks in this MB. In addition, the computational Complexity and Memory-required Distribution (CMD) of currently decoded frame is explored in a Group Of Picture (GOP). According to CMD, the computational complexity is minimized by means of making a full use of the given memory size. Furthermore, when the given memory size is insufficient, the signal concealment scheme is utilized to enables MEBs being stored as near-end motion vectors without residuals. Experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme can effectively constrain the memory usage under a given memory size for storing five reference frames as full as possible. In addition, because adequately allocating the buffer size to store the currently decoded frame, a fairly good video quality can be achieved as compared to the conventional work using re-compression schemes for storing reference frames.

关键词： Image coding

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Error resilient H.264/AVC video coding algorithm using ZIG-ZAG interleaved FMO

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Tien Tzu Hsueh Pao/Acta Electronica Sinica 2006年第11期34卷 1941-1945页

作者： Jiang, Dong Li, Bo Li, Wei Song, Jian-Bin Digital Media Lab. School of Computer Science and Technology Beihang University Beijing 100083 China

In accordance with the increasing requirements for video transmission over unreliable channels, the issue of error resilient video coding technology has been paid enough attention. Based on ZIG-ZAG interleaved flexible macroblock ordering, a novel algorithm called ZFMO is proposed in this paper. Different with the traditional raster scan order, ZFMO achieves a good tradeoff between coding efficiency and error resilience by rearranging macroblocks in ZIG-ZAG scanning order and partitioning the macroblocks into different slice groups in an interleaved way. Experimental results show that ZFMO outperforms H.264/AVC recommended algorithm in low packet loss environments. The using of ZFMO influences intra frame prediction and motion estimation because of the macroblocks rearrangements, so the coding mode selection must be reconsidered. The rate distortion optimization based ZFMO decreases the redundancy bitrate while maintain recovery video quality and error resilience performance. Simulation results based on H.264/AVC reference software JM9 suggest that the performance of rate-distortion optimized ZFMO can be further improved.

关键词： Image coding

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An adaptive neuro-fuzzy system for color image segmentation

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Journal of the Indian Institute of Science 2006年第5期86卷 493-506页

作者： Deshmukh, Kanchan Shinde, G.N. M.G.M's College of Computer Science and Information Technology Near Airport Nanded 431 605 India Y.M. Research Center VIP Road Nanded 431 605 India Department of Electronics Computer Vision Lab. Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721 302 India C/o Amit V. Nandedkar H. No. 49. 'Sheshsmuruti' Ashok Nagar Nanded 431 605 India

Image segmentation and object extraction plays an important role in image analysis and computer vision. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for color image segmentation called 'adaptive neuro-fuzzy color image segmentation (ANFCIS)'. The proposed system consists of multilayer perception (MLP)-like network which performs color image segmentation using multilevel thresholding. Threshold values for detecting clusters and their lab.ls are found automatically using fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering technique. Fuzzy entropy is used as a tool to decide the number of clusters. ANFCIS uses saturation and intensity planes of HSV (hue, saturation, intensity) color space for segmentation. Neural network is employed to find the number of objects automatically from an image. The major advantage of this method is that it does not require a priori knowledge to segment a color image. The algorithm is found to be robust and relatively computationally inexpensive for large variety of color images. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. © Indian Institute of Science.

关键词： Image segmentation

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