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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chao, Xianjin Bin, Yanrui Chu, Wenqing Cao, Xuan Ge, Yanhao Wang, Chengjie Li, Jilin Huang, Feiyue Leung, Howard City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Tencent Youtu Lab Shanghai China

Human motion prediction aims to predict future 3D skeletal sequences by giving a limited human motion as inputs. Two popular methods, recurrent neural networks and feed-forward deep networks, are able to predict rough motion trend, but motion details such as limb movement may be lost. To predict more accurate future human motion, we propose an Adversarial Refinement Network (ARNet) following a simple yet effective coarse-to-fine mechanism with novel adversarial error augmentation. Specifically, we take both the historical motion sequences and coarse prediction as input of our cascaded refinement network to predict refined human motion and strengthen the refinement network with adversarial error augmentation. During training, we deliberately introduce the error distribution by learning through the adversarial mechanism among different subjects. In testing, our cascaded refinement network alleviates the prediction error from the coarse predictor resulting in a finer prediction robustly. This adversarial error augmentation provides rich error cases as input to our refinement network, leading to better generalization performance on the testing dataset. We conduct extensive experiments on three standard benchmark datasets and show that our proposed ARNet outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, especially on challenging aperiodic actions in both short-term and long-term predictions. © 2020, CC-BY.

关键词： Errors

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Single channel speech separation with a frame-based pitch range estimation method in modulation frequency

2010 5th International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST ...

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2010 5th International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST 2010 2010年 609-613页

作者： Mahmoodzadeh, A. Abutalebi, H.R. Soltanian-Zadeh, H. Sheikhzadeh, H. Speech Proc. Research Lab. ECE Dept. Yazd University Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence University of Tehran Iran EE Dept. Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran Idiap Research Institute Martigny Switzerland Image Analysis Lab. Henry Ford Health System Detroit United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424481835

Computational Auditory Scene Analysis (CASA) has attracted a lot of interest in segregating speech from monaural mixtures. In this paper, we propose a new method for single channel speech separation with frame-based pitch range estimation in modulation frequency domain. This range is estimated in each frame of modulation spectrum of speech by analyzing onsets and offsets. In the proposed method, target speaker is separated from interfering speaker by filtering the mixture signal with a mask extracted from the modulation spectrogram of mixture signal. Systematic evaluation shows an acceptable level of separation comparing with classic methods. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency estimation

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Support Vector Machine with Nonlinear-Kernel Optimization for Lateralization of Epileptogenic Hippocampus in MR images

Support Vector Machine with Nonlinear-Kernel Optimization fo...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Mohammad-Parsa Hosseini Mohammad R. Nazem-Zadeh Fariborz Mahmoudi Hao Ying Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Medical Image Analysis Lab. Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

Surgical treatment is suggested for seizure control in medically intractable epilepsy patients. Detailed pre-surgical evaluation and lateralization using Magnetic Resonance images (MRI) is expected to result in a successful surgical outcome. In this study, an optimized pattern recognition approach is proposed for lateralization of mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (mTLE) patients using asymmetry of imaging indices of hippocampus. T1-weighted and Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images of 76 symptomatic mTLE patients are considered. First, hippocampus is segmented using automatic and manual segmentation methods;then, volumetric and intensity features are extracted from the MR images. A nonlinear Support Vector Machine (SVM) with optimized Gaussian Radial Basis Function (GRBF) kernel is used to classify the imaging features. Using leave-one-out cross validation, this method results in a correct lateralization rate of 82%, a probability of detection for the left side of 0.90 (with false alarm probability of 0.04) and a probability of detection for the right side of 0.69 (with zero false alarm probability). The lateralization results are compared to linear SVM, multi-layer perceptron Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and volumetry and FLAIR asymmetry analysis. This lateralization method is suggested for pre-surgical evaluation using MRI before surgical treatment in mTLE patients. It achieves a more correct lateralization rate and fewer false positives.

关键词： Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Hippocampus Epilepsy Lateralization Support Vector Machine (SVM)

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Global Convergence Guarantees of (A)GIST for a Family of Nonconvex Sparse Learning Problems

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IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics 2022年第5期52卷 3276-3288页

作者： Zhang, Hengmin Qian, Feng Shang, Fanhua Du, Wenli Qian, Jianjun Yang, Jian East China University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes of Ministry of Education School of Information Science and Engineering Shanghai200237 China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Xidian University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence Xi'an710071 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518066 China Nanjing University of Science and Technology Pca Laboratory Key Lab. of Intelligent Percept. and Syst. for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education Nanjing210094 China Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210094 China

In recent years, most of the studies have shown that the generalized iterated shrinkage thresholdings (GISTs) have become the commonly used first-order optimization algorithms in sparse learning problems. The nonconvex relaxations of the \ell _{0} -norm usually achieve better performance than the convex case (e.g., \ell _{1} -norm) since the former can achieve a nearly unbiased solver. To increase the calculation efficiency, this work further provides an accelerated GIST version, that is, AGIST, through the extrapolation-based acceleration technique, which can contribute to reduce the number of iterations when solving a family of nonconvex sparse learning problems. Besides, we present the algorithmic analysis, including both local and global convergence guarantees, as well as other intermediate results for the GIST and AGIST, denoted as (A)GIST, by virtue of the Kurdyka-Lojasiewica (KL) property and some milder assumptions. Numerical experiments on both synthetic data and real-world databases can demonstrate that the convergence results of objective function accord to the theoretical properties and nonconvex sparse learning methods can achieve superior performance over some convex ones. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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Measures of the brain functional network that correlate with Alzheimer's neuropsychological test scores: An fMRI and graph analysis study

Measures of the brain functional network that correlate with...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Soroosh Golbabaei Amin Dadashi Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE) University of Tehran Tehran Iran School of Cognitive Sciences Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iran Department of Radiology Medical Image Analysis Lab. Detroit Michigan USA

Neural degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to structural topology deformation that in turn changes brain functionality. The main aim of the present study is to find the brain's functional connectivity network (FCN) correlates of Alzheimer's psychological test scores. To this end, the brain's FCN is extracted from the resting state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) of healthy controls and patients with AD and represented as a graph. Then, network measures are calculated from the graphs. The correlations between the brain network measures and five AD psychological assessment test scores are evaluated. The results show positive correlation between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and nodal strength in the left insula and negative correlation between the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score and local efficiency of left olfactory cortex and also eigenvector centrality of left supramarginal cortex. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) also seems to be correlated with network measures of the left superior parietal gyrus. Moreover, notable decreased continuity are spotted in the limbic system. These measures can be used to provide an objective tool for AD diagnosis.

关键词： Correlation Alzheimer's disease Psychology Olfactory Brain Atmospheric measurements

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Layered image zooming method by 2D EMD technique

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Huazhong Keji Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition) 2007年第1期35卷 20-22页

作者： Tian, Yan Huang, Ying Peng, Fuyuan Liu, Jian Department of Electronics and Information Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Image Information Processing and Intelligence Control Lab. Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

A new layered image zooming method is proposed which can express the local and global correlation of the images on each layers to improve traditional methods. The main procedures of this method are as the following. An image was decomposed into several layers with different complexities by 2D EMD (empirical mode decomposition), each of which contains different details and roughness. Each layer was zoomed by using a combination method with different parameters which are proportional to roughness of that layer. The final zooming result was reconstructed from the combinational interpolated layers. Experimental and statistical results demonstrate that good magnified images are achieved by the proposed method.

关键词： Surface roughness

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Determination of pitch range based on onset and offset analysis in modulation frequency domain

2010 5th International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST ...

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2010 5th International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST 2010 2010年 604-608页

作者： Mahmoodzadeh, A. Abutalebi, H.R. Soltanian-Zadeh, H. Sheikhzadeh, H. Speech Proc. Research Lab. ECE Dept. Yazd University Yazd Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran EE Dept. Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran Idiap Research Institute Martigny Switzerland Image Analysis Lab. Henry Ford Health System Detroit United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424481835

Auditory scene in a natural environment contains multiple sources. Auditory scene analysis (ASA) is the process in which the auditory system segregates a scene into streams corresponding to different sources. The determination of range of pitch frequency is necessary for segmentation. We propose a system to determine the range of pitch frequency by analyzing onsets and offsets in modulation frequency domain. In the proposed system, first the modulation spectrum of speech is calculated and then, in each subband onsets and offsets will be detected. Thereafter, the segments are generated by matching corresponding onset and offset front. Finally, by choosing the desired segments, the rage of pitch frequency is determined. Systematic evaluation shows that the range of pitch frequency is estimated with good accuracy. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency modulation

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Temporally-Adaptive Models for Efficient Video Understanding

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Huang, Ziyuan Zhang, Shiwei Pan, Liang Qing, Zhiwu Zhang, Yingya Liu, Ziwei Ang, Marcelo H. Advanced Robotics Centre National University of Singapore Singapore DAMO Academy Alibaba Group China S-Lab National Technological University Singapore Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science China

Spatial convolutions are extensively used in numerous deep video models. It fundamentally assumes spatio-temporal invariance, i.e., using shared weights for every location in different frames. This work presents Temporally-Adaptive Convolutions (TAdaConv) for video understanding, which shows that adaptive weight calibration along the temporal dimension is an efficient way to facilitate modeling complex temporal dynamics in videos. Specifically, TAdaConv empowers spatial convolutions with temporal modeling abilities by calibrating the convolution weights for each frame according to its local and global temporal context. Compared to existing operations for temporal modeling, TAdaConv is more efficient as it operates over the convolution kernels instead of the features, whose dimension is an order of magnitude smaller than the spatial resolutions. Further, kernel calibration brings an increased model capacity. Based on this readily plug-in operation TAdaConv as well as its extension, i.e., TAdaConvV2, we construct TAdaBlocks to empower ConvNeXt and Vision Transformer to have strong temporal modeling capabilities. Empirical results show TAdaConvNeXtV2 and TAdaFormer perform competitively against state-of-the-art convolutional and Transformer-based models in various video understanding benchmarks. Our codes and models are released at: https://***/alibaba-mmai-research/TAdaConv. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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Universal Adversarial Perturbations for CNN Classifiers in EEG-Based BCIs

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Liu, Zihan Meng, Lubin Zhang, Xiao Fang, Weili Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore 117566 Singapore Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China

Multiple convolutional neural network (CNN) classifiers have been proposed for electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, CNN models have been found vulnerable to universal adversarial perturbations (UAPs), which are small and example-independent, yet powerful enough to degrade the performance of a CNN model, when added to a benign example. This paper proposes a novel total loss minimization (TLM) approach to generate UAPs for EEG-based BCIs. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of TLM on three popular CNN classifiers for both target and non-target attacks. We also verified the transferability of UAPs in EEG-based BCI systems. To our knowledge, this is the first study on UAPs of CNN classifiers in EEG-based BCIs. UAPs are easy to construct, and can attack BCIs in real-time, exposing a potentially critical security concern of BCIs. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Indirect effects among biodiversity loss of mutualistic ecosystems

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National Science Open 2022年第2期1卷 8-18页

作者： Guangwei Wang Xueming Liu Guanrong Chen Hai-Tao Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent ControlHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Drastic reduction in biodiversity has been a severe threat to ecosystems,which is exacerbated when losing few species leads to disastrous and even irreparable ***,revealing the mechanism underlying biodiversity loss is of uttermost *** this study,we show that abundant indirect interactions among mutualistic ecosystems are critical in determining species’*** topological and ecological characteristics,we propose an indicator derived from a dynamic model to identify keystone species and quantify their influence,which outperforms widely-used indicators like degree in realistic and simulated ***,we demonstrate that networks with high modularity,heterogeneity,biodiversity,and less intimate interactions tend to have larger indirect effects,which are more amenable in predicting decline of biodiversity with the proposed *** findings shed some light onto the influence of apposite biodiversities,paving the way from complex network theory to ecosystem protection and restoration.

关键词： biodiversity indirect effect complex network mutualism

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