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Analytical method for MGRF Potts model parameter estimation

Analytical method for MGRF Potts model parameter estimation

引用

International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Asem M. Ali Aly A. Farag Georgy Gimel'farb Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville USA Department of Computer Science University of Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421749

This paper proposes a new analytical method for estimating parameters of a homogeneous isotropic Potts model with an asymmetric Gibbs potential function. The model is generalized by including both pairwise and triple cliques. The maximum likelihood estimates of the cliques potentials are obtained by a further elaboration of the approximate analytical estimator proposed in. Experiments with synthetic textures have shown that our potential estimates are more accurate and practicable than their counterparts obtained with classical methods.

关键词： Parameter estimation Maximum likelihood estimation Equations image analysis computer vision Probability distribution Pixel Least squares methods image processing Laboratories

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The use of high performance computing in JPEG image compression

The use of high performance computing in JPEG image compress...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： G.W. Cook E.J. Delp Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

The problem inherent to any digital image (or digital video) system is the large amount of bandwidth required for transmission or storage. This has driven the research area of image compression to develop more complex algorithms that compress images to lower data rates with better fidelity. One approach that can be used to increase the execution speed of these complex algorithms is to implement the algorithms on a parallel supercomputer. The authors address the parallel implementation of the JPEG still image compression standard on the MasPar MP-1, a massively parallel SIMD computer. They demonstrate that the greatest difficulty lies not with the compression algorithm per se, but with the speed bottleneck that arises in the output of the compressed image. They develop a parallel output algorithm which addresses this problem and present results which show real-time performance on 1024/spl times/1024 images.< >

关键词： High performance computing Transform coding image coding image storage Digital images Video compression Bandwidth Supercomputers Concurrent computing Compression algorithms

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Rigid neuroendoscope navigation system for minimally invasive surgery

Rigid neuroendoscope navigation system for minimally invasiv...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A.M. Eldeib A. Mohamed A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

This paper describes a high precision navigation system that helps neurosurgeons identify more easily the neuroendoscope's tip location in the patient's brain that can significantly reduce the length and increase the accuracy of minimally invasive procedures. It is an image-guided neurosurgery system that provides integrated information of preoperative 3-D medical volumes, intra-operative neuroendoscope 2-D images, position information of the endoscope and surgical tools. The system's components include data acquisition, segmentation, multi-modal registration, 3-D surface and volume reconstruction, 3-D visualization, surgical simulation and integration of tracking systems. An articulated arm (digitizer) is used for automated registration of the 3-D model to the patient, then it is integrated with the system to dynamically localize surgical instruments and the patient's head in the patient's coordinate system. The visualization subsystem shows the position and orientation of the neuroendoscope's tip in the 3-D model of preoperative Magnetic Resonance (MR) volume and in the three orthogonal (sagittal, cronoal and axial) MR slices. The system's components and clinical applications are described.

关键词： Navigation Minimally invasive surgery Neurosurgery Biomedical imaging Endoscopes Data acquisition image segmentation Surface reconstruction image reconstruction Data visualization

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Colour Adjustment and Specular Removal for Non-uniform Shape from Shading

Colour Adjustment and Specular Removal for Non-uniform Shape...

引用

Proceedings of the Digital image Computing: Technqiues and Applications (DICTA)

作者： Xiaozheng Zhang Yongsheng Gao Terry Caelli Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Griffith University Australia Biosecurity Group Queensland Research Laboratory NICTA Australia

Surface colour changes and specular reflections are two major problems in 3D modelling using shape-from-shading (SFS). This paper proposes to pre-process the input image for a typical SFS algorithm, so that the resultant image has no colour changes and specular reflection. First, a chromaticity-based specular reflection removal algorithm is applied to achieve a pure diffuse (Lambertian) reflected image. Then, a novel chromaticity-based colour adjustment approach is proposed to generate an image without surface colour changes. The standard SFS algorithms can then be applied successfully onto the processed images to produce plausible 3D models. In experiments, the proposed approach was tested on standard SFS datasets with complex surface colours. The experimental results show it's promising to facilitate SFS algorithms to handle SFS problems with more complex surface properties and illumination conditions.

关键词： image color analysis Reflection Pixel Shape Classification algorithms Surface treatment Lighting

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Width Distributions for Shape Description

Width Distributions for Shape Description

引用

Proceedings of the Digital image Computing: Technqiues and Applications (DICTA)

作者： Xiaozheng Zhang Yongsheng Gao Biosecurity Group Queensland Research Laboratory NICTA Australia Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Griffith University Australia

Measuring the similarity between articulated shapes is a fundamental yet challenging problem. This paper proposes a novel shape descriptor based on Width Distributions (WD), which is robust to articulations. We show that the width distributions are articulation insensitive yet descriptive to distinguish different shapes with varied part structures. With measurements on distributions only, the proposed method does not require any alignment between two objects and thus is more robust than correspondence-based measurements. First, the medial axes of the objects are extracted and fitted to B-Splines to remove outliners. The width of the object shape perpendicular to the medial axis can be calculated for each position on the medial axis. The histograms of those widths are compared using chi-square method for similarity. Experiments on standard 2D shape database show that the proposed method performed better than standard shape distribution algorithms and similarly to other articulation-robust shape descriptors, such as inner-distance. The speed of the proposed method is much faster than the more sophisticated inner-distance, as the proposed method is much simpler in nature and requires limited image processing and pattern classification. These results suggested it could be an efficient and effective method to describe and to match articulated shapes.

关键词： Shape Histograms Robustness Databases Shape measurement Three dimensional displays Face

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Statistically Robust Approach to Lens Distortion Calibration with Model Selection

Statistically Robust Approach to Lens Distortion Calibration...

引用

IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Moumen Taha El-Melegy Aly A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Electrical Engineering Dept. Assiut University Assiut Egypt Computer Vision and Image Processing Lab. University of Louisville Louisville KY

This paper addresses the problem of calibrating camera lens distortion, which can be significant in medium to wide angle lenses. While almost all existing nonmetric distortion calibration methods need user involvement in one form or another,we present an approach to distortion calibration based on the robust the-least-median-of-squares (LMedS) estimator. Our approach is thus able to proceed in a ful ly-automatic manner while being less sensitive to erroneous input data such as image curves that are mistakenly considered as projections of 3D linear segments. Our approach uniquely uses fast, closed-form solutions to the distortion coefficients, which serve as an initial point for a non-linear optimization algorithm to straighten imaged lines. Moreover we propose a method for distortion model selection based on geometrical *** experiments to evaluate the performance of this approach on synthetic and real data are reported.

关键词： Nonlinear distortion Calibration Robustness Lenses Cameras image edge detection Distortion measurement

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A novel, fast, and complete 3D segmentation of vertebral bones

A novel, fast, and complete 3D segmentation of vertebral bon...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Melih S. Aslan Asem Ali Ham Rara Ben Arnold Rachid Fahmi Aly A. Farag Ping Xiang Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Image Analysis Inc. Columbia KY USA

Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements and fracture analysis of the spine bones are restricted to the Vertebral bodies (VBs), especially the trabecular bones (TBs). In this paper, we propose a novel, fast, and robust 3D framework to segment VBs and trabecular bones in clinical computed tomography (CT) images without any user intervention. The Matched filter is employed to detect the VB region automatically. To segment the whole VB, the graph cuts method which integrates a linear combination of Gaussians (LCG) and Markov Gibbs Random Field (MGRF) is used. Then, the cortical and trabecular bones are segmented using local volume growing methods. Validity was analyzed using ground truths of data sets (expert segmentation) and the European Spine Phantom (ESP) as a known reference. Experiments on the data sets show that the proposed segmentation approach is more accurate than other known alternatives.

关键词： Bones image segmentation Computed tomography Three dimensional displays Accuracy Level set Spine

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Minimizing the topological structure of line images 7th

引用

7th Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural and Syntactic Pattern Recognition, SSPR 1998 and 2nd International Workshop on Statistical Techniques in Pattern Recognition, SPR 1998

作者： Kropatsch, Walter G. Burge, Mark Vienna University of Technology Institute of Automation 183/2 Pattern Recognition and Image Processing Group Treitlstr.3 WienA-1040 Austria Johannes Kepler University Institute of Systems Science Computer Vision Laboratory LinzA-4040 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)3540648585

We present a new algorithm based on Dual Graph Contraction (DGC) to transform the Run Graph into its Minimum Line Property Preserving (MLPP) form which, when implemented in parallel, requires O(log(longestcurve)) steps. A MLPP graph of a line image compliments the structural information in geometric graph representations like the run graph. Using such a graph and its dual, line image analysis systems can efficiently detect topological features like loops and holes and make use of relations like containment. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Topology

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Segmentation of trabecular bones from Vertebral bodies in volumetric CT spine images

Segmentation of trabecular bones from Vertebral bodies in vo...

引用

IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： Melih S. Aslan Asem Ali Ben Arnold Rachid Fahmi Aly A. Farag Ping Xiang Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Image Analysis Inc. Columbia KY USA

We present a 3D segmentation technique of trabecular (cancellous) bones in CT images of Vertebral bodies (VBs). In order to be used for Bone Mineral Density (BMD) measurements, the cortical and trabecular bones are subsequently segmented using graph cuts method and local volume growing methods separately. In the final step, we measure our segmentation accuracy for each method. Validity was analyzed using ground truths of data sets and the European Spine Phantom (ESP). Preliminary results are very encouraging and a reproducibility of the results was achieved for 16 data sets. The average segmentation error is below 2.0% for both methods.

关键词： image segmentation Cancellous bone Computed tomography Spine Minerals Density measurement Imaging phantoms Electrostatic precipitators Labeling Timing

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Segmentation of vertebrae using level sets with expectation maximization algorithm

Segmentation of vertebrae using level sets with expectation ...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Melih S. Aslan Aly A. Farag Ben Arnold Ping Xiang Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Image Analysis Inc. Columbia KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441273

In this paper, we propose a robust level sets method to segment vertebral bodies (VBs) in clinical computed tomography (CT) images. Since the VB and surrounding organs have very close gray level information and there are no strong edges in some CT images, the initialization of level sets method becomes very crucial step. If the object and background regions are not initialized correctly, the results would not be acceptable. Also, the size and place of the initial seed may give non-reproducible results. To solve these problems, we use a statistical level sets method which uses the Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithm for the initialization and parameter estimation. Validity was analyzed using ground truths of data sets (expert segmentation) and the European Spine Phantom (ESP) as a known reference. The proposed method is compared with other known alternatives.

关键词： image segmentation Level set Bones Computed tomography Biomedical imaging Robustness Three dimensional displays

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