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2nd IFAC Conference on control Systems Design, CSD 2003

作者： Haber, R. Schmitz, U. Bars, R. Department of Plant and Process Engineering Laboratory of Process Control University of Applied Science Cologne Betzdorfer Str. 2 KolnD-50679 Germany Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Goldmann Gy. ter 3 BudapestH-1111 Hungary

For predictive control in industry often very long horizons for control error and manipulated signal are used because of the slow processes which take place in the petrochemical industry. In order to reduce the computational effort some commercial predictive control program packages offer the ability to reduce the number of points in both horizons but do not recommend how to select the points which have to be considered in the horizon of the control error and manipulated variable. in this work the authors introduce an optimal choice not only of the horizon lengths itself but also for the strategy of reducing the number of points in the horizons. A genetic optimization algorithm was used both for the search for the optimal length of the horizons and for the best allocation of the points in the horizons. The results of the optimization process where used to deduct a simple rule. © 2003 IFAC.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Model-based supervision of a vacuum brake booster

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第5期36卷 429-434页

作者： Marco Muenchhof Harald Straky Rolf Isermann Institute of Automatic Control Laboratory of Control Engineering and Process Automation Darmstadt University of Technology Landgraf-Gerog-Str. 4 D-64283 Darmstadt Germany Phone: +496151 16-7406 FAX: +496151 16-7421

This paper presents the design of a model-based supervision system for the vacuum brake booster of current hydraulic passenger car braking systems. A model is derived, which allows to calculate the pressure in the vacuum chamber and the working chamber of the vacuum brake booster. Based on this model, a real-time supervision system has been implemented. The fidelity of the model has been evaluated by testing the model against experimental data from a braking system test bed. The functioning of the model-based supervision system has also been probed with measurements taken at the aforementioned testbed.

关键词： Brakes Pneumatic Fault Detection

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Near minimax robust control of flexible structures

Near minimax robust control of flexible structures

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： M. Muenchhof T. Singh Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering SUNY at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Institute of Automatic Control Laboratory of Control Systems and Process Automation Darmstadt University of Technology Darmstadt Germany

This paper presents an approach to calculate prefilters that are insensitive to parameter deviations. The cost function chosen for this approach is the magnitude of the time-delay filter transfer function. By approximating the cost function with a polynomial, the effort of calculating minimax robust profiles can be reduced. The resulting control profiles yield a performance similar to the minimax robust controller. This is verified by the numerical results included in this paper.

关键词： Minimax techniques Robust control Flexible structures Filters Uncertainty Frequency Cost function Vibrations control systems Delay effects

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Model-based fault detection and diagnosis for hydraulic braking systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第5期36卷 307-312页

作者： Harald Straky Marco Muenchhof Rolf Isermann Institute of Automatic Control Laboratory of Control Engineering and Process Automation Darmstadt University of Technology Landgraf-Georg-Str. 4 D-64283 Darmstadt Germany Phone: +49 6151 16-7406 FAX: +49 6151 16-7421

This paper describes fault detection and diagnosis techniques for a hydraulic passenger car braking system. First, a model of the hydraulic braking system is derived in state space representation. This model is subsequentlyemployed for fault detection and diagnosis. Fault detection is based on the calculation of the loss volume, i.e. the amount of brake fluid consumed due to the presence of a fault. The type of fault is determined by means of a correlation analysis approach. Furthermore, the location of the fault can also be determined. This is accomplished by analyzing the master brake cylinder pressure signals. The paper also presents numerical results of data recorded at a braking system testbed which illustrates the feasibility of the proposed approaches.

关键词： Brakes Hydraulic Electro-Hydraulic Fault Detection Fault Diagnosis

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Reduction of the Optimization Efforts with Predictive control by Using Non-Equidistant Prediction Points

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第8期36卷 57-62页

作者： U. Schmitz R. Haber R. Bars Department of Plant and Process Engineering Laboratory of Process Control University of Applied Science Cologne D-50619 Köln Betzdorf er Str. 2 Germany fax: +49-221-8275-2836 Department of Automation and Applied Informatics MTA-BME Control Research Group Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary

With predictive control most of the computation time is spent for the simulation of the predicted variables and for the optimization if constraints or nonlinear processes are assumed. In addition to the known blocking technique for the manipulated variable another possibility is calculating the control error not in each sampling point of the prediction horizon but only in some coincidence points. It will be shown that the best choice is to allocate the coincidence points exponentially thus that with small prediction steps more and with increasing prediction steps less coincidence points are considered. As a practical example the multivariable control of a distillation column model illustrates the benefits of the method presented.

关键词： Predictive control optimal control control applications chemical industry execution time

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Long-range optimal model and multi-step-ahead prediction identification for predictive control

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第16期36卷 477-482页

作者： R. Haber U. Schmitz R. Bars Department of Plant and Process Engineering Laboratory of Process Control University of Applied Science Cologne D-50679 Köln Betzdorfer Str. 2 Germany fax: +49-221-8275-2836 Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Control Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary

Long-range optimal prediction algorithms use the predicted output for several steps ahead. The prediction based on traditionally estimated model parameters does not result in an optimal prediction if the measurements are noisy or/and model structure differs from real process structure. In this paper two different identification schemes are presented and compared: long-range predictive single-model identification and simultaneous multi-step-ahead prediction identification. It is shown that the first method is easier to realize but the second one leads to more accurate results. Both methods are derived for a first-order model in details. Simulation runs and a level control example illustrate the algorithms presented.

关键词： process identification prediction parameter estimation predictive control

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Optimal Choice of Horizons for Predictive control by Using Genetic Algorithms

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第18期36卷 507-512页

作者： R. Haber U. Schmitz R. Bars Department of Plant and Process Engineering Laboratory of Process Control University of Applied Science Cologne D-50679 Köln Betzdorfer Str. 2 Germany fax: +49-221-8275-2836 Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics H-1111 Budapest Goldmann Gy. tér 3. Hungary fax : +36-1-463-2871

For predictive control in industry often very long horizons for control error and manipulated signal are used because of the slow processes which take place in the petrochemical industry. In order to reduce the computational effort some commercial predictive control program packages offer the ability to reduce the number of points in both horizons but do not recommend how to select the points which have to be considered in the horizon of the control error and manipulated variable. In this work the authors introduce an optimal choice not only of the horizon lengths itself but also for the strategy of reducing the number of points in the horizons. A genetic optimization algorithm was used both for the search for the optimal length of the horizons and for the best allocation of the points in the horizons. The results of the optimization process where used to deduct a simple rule.

关键词： Predictive control long horizons blocking coincidence points compaction points optimal choice of horizons

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Nonlinear process Identification and Predictive control by the Weighted Sum of Multi-Model Outputs

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第18期36卷 129-134页

作者： U. Schmitz R. Haber R. Bars Department of Plant and Process Engineering Laboratory of Process Control University of Applied Science Cologne D-50679 Köln Betzdorfer Str. 2 Germany fax: +49-221-8275-2836 Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics H-1111 Budapest Goldmann Gy. tér 3. Hungary fax : +36-1-463-287l

Most industrial processes are nonlinear. In such a case only a nonlinear model valid for the whole working area can ensure a good controller design. The nonlinear process is approximated by a multi-model consisting of the intelligent combination of some linear sub-models. As a very practical way the following identification strategy was used: independent model parameter estimation in the different working points and the calculation of the global valid model output as the weighted sum of the sub-models. As a weighting function the Gaussian function is used. The parameters of the Gaussian function were chosen either without or with optimization of the identification cost function. The global valid nonlinear model was used for model based predictive control. A heat exchanger example illustrates the method.

关键词： process identification nonlinear models predictive control multi-model heat exchanger

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Data fusion for precise dead-reckoning of passenger cars 15th

Data fusion for precise dead-reckoning of passenger cars

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15th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic control, 2002

作者： Kochem, M. Wagner, N. Hamann, C.-D. Isermann, R. University of Technology Darmstadt Institute of Automatic Control Laboratory for Control Engineering and Process Automation Germany Adam Opel AG Rüsselsheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661746

This paper investigates the possibility of computing the actual position of a passenger car based on different independent internal signals available in a production car. A new front wheel based dead reckoning approach is compared to a model based approach as well as to an Extended Kalman Filter. Depending on the method the input signals are the wheel revolutions of the front wheels, the steering angle and the yaw rate. Experimental results show the quality of all three algorithms compared to position data obtained by a DGPS system and also to the well known rear wheel based dead reckoning approach. Copyright © 2002 IFAC.

关键词： Sensor data fusion

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Semi-physical modelling of nonlinear processes by means of local model approaches 15th

Semi-physical modelling of nonlinear processes by means of l...

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15th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic control, 2002

作者： Töpfer, Susanne Wolfram, Armin Isermann, Rolf Darmstadt University of Technology Institute of Automatic Control Laboratory for Control Engineering and Process Automation Landgraf-Georg-Strasse 4 DarmstadtD-64283 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661746

For many practical applications, a combination of theoretical and experimental modelling appears feasible. Qualitative knowledge about the most significant effects are often known or easily accessible. This contribution suggests a semi-physical modelling approach based on the special architecture of local models. Due to their inherent transparency, these models are very well suited for the incorporation of mainly qualitative process knowledge. The integration of prior knowledge is realised by an adaptation of the model structure to that one of the process. As a result, the final process-specific models are characterised by high generalisation performance also in situations with only few measurement data. Copyright © 2002 IFAC.

关键词： Fuzzy neural networks

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