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Identification of differential brain regions in MCI progression via clustering-evolutionary weighted SVM ensemble algorithm

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第6期15卷 165-173页

作者： Xia-an BI Yiming XIE Hao WU Luyun XU Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Business School of Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China

Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)as the potential sign of serious cognitive decline could be divided into two stages,i.e.,late MCI(LMCI)and early MCI(EMCI).Although the different cognitive states in the MCI progression have been clinically defined,effective and accurate identification of differences in neuroimaging data between these stages still needs to be further *** this paper,a new method of clustering-evolutionary weighted support vector machine ensemble(CEWSVME)is presented to investigate the alterations from cognitively normal(CN)to EMCI to *** CEWSVME mainly includes two *** first step is to build multiple SVM classifiers by randomly selecting samples and *** second step is to introduce the idea of clustering evolution to eliminate inefficient and highly similar SVMs,thereby improving the final classification ***,we extracted the optimal features to detect the differential brain regions in MCI progression,and confirmed that these differential brain regions changed dynamically with the development of *** exactly,this study found that some brain regions only have durative effects on MCI progression,such as parahippocampal gyrus,posterior cingulate gyrus and amygdala,while the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus have periodic effects on the *** work contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of MCI and provide the guidance for its timely diagnosis.

关键词： machine learning MCI progression optimal feature extraction differential brain regions functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Grammatical variation between China English and American English: The Case of difficulties/difficulty (in) doing 4

Grammatical variation between China English and American Eng...

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4th International Conference on Algorithms, computing and Artificial Intelligence, ACAI 2021

作者： Xia, Lixin Hu, Hui Laboratory of Language Engineering and Computing Guangdong University of Foreign Studies China Center for Lexicographical Studies Guangdong University of Foreign Studies China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450385053

This study aims to investigate the factors that determine the presence or absence of the preposition in in the construction difficulties/difficulty (in) doing in China English and American English respectively, and to explore the difference between the two varieties on the prepositional use. The search strings difficulty (in)∗ing and [have] difficulties (in)∗ing were retrieved in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and then in the Corpus of China English (CCE). By analyzing the statistics of the singular form from the two corpora, a conclusion can be made that the construction difficulty in∗ing is preferred in formal registers in both English varieties as opposed to informal ones. And the difference on the prepositional use between the two English varieties lies in the process of prepositional gerund being replaced by a directly linked gerund. The results of the plural form indicate that the complexity principle is operative in determining the prepositional use in the construction for the two English varieties. Importantly, the findings of this study have great implications for the assessment of the previous claims about the construction. And the study offers a new insight into the analyses of the construction and the difference between American English and China English in the use of the construction. Last but not the least, the study is meaningful to Natural language Processing with a better understanding of the use of the investigated construction in the two English varieties. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Teaching Early Warning Approach for Teachers based on Cognitive Diagnosis and Long Short-term Memory

Teaching Early Warning Approach for Teachers based on Cognit...

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International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： Hua Ma Peiji Huang Xi Luo Qiong Huang Xiangru Fu Wensheng Tang College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Hunan Normal University Changsha China

ISBN: (数字)9798350349184

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349191

Teaching early warning is of great significance for avoiding teaching risks and continuously improving teaching quality. However, none of existing approaches assess the degree of course goals attainment and teacher's teaching quality from the perspective of cognitive diagnosis. This poses a challenge in providing accurate teaching early warning. This paper proposed an early warning approach for teachers based on cognitive diagnosis and long short-term memory (LSTM). First, this approach accurately evaluates students' cognitive status on knowledge concepts using a cognitive diagnosis model to assess their knowledge understanding degree and knowledge application ability. Second, the cognitive status on knowledge concepts is utilized to assess students' attainment degree of course goals and teachers' teaching quality. Third, the teachers' teaching quality is predicted in the future by using the LSTM network to mine students' learning process data, Finally, an accurate teaching early warning is provided to teachers based on a four-level early warning evaluation rule. In experiments, the real datasets are used and the results reveal that the proposed approach can accurately diagnose students' cognitive status and effectively predict teachers' teaching quality. This approach can provide an accurate teaching early warning service for teachers.

关键词： Accuracy Fluctuations Federated learning Computational modeling Education Predictive models Data mining

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Learning to Learn Transferable Generative Attack for Person Re-Identification

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Bian, Yuan Liu, Min Wang, Xueping Ma, Yunfeng Wang, Yaonan Hunan University National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan Changsha China Hunan Normal University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Changsha China

Deep learning-based person re-identification (reid) models are widely employed in surveillance systems and inevitably inherit the vulnerability of deep networks to adversarial attacks. Existing attacks merely consider cross-dataset and cross-model transferability, ignoring the cross-test capability to perturb models trained in different domains. To powerfully examine the robustness of real-world re-id models, the Meta Transferable Generative Attack (MTGA) method is proposed, which adopts meta-learning optimization to promote the generative attacker producing highly transferable adversarial examples by learning comprehensively simulated transfer-based crossmodel&dataset&test black-box meta attack tasks. Specifically, cross-model&dataset black-box attack tasks are first mimicked by selecting different re-id models and datasets for meta-train and meta-test attack processes. As different models may focus on different feature regions, the Perturbation Random Erasing module is further devised to prevent the attacker from learning to only corrupt model-specific features. To boost the attacker learning to possess cross-test transferability, the Normalization Mix strategy is introduced to imitate diverse feature embedding spaces by mixing multi-domain statistics of target models. Extensive experiments show the superiority of MTGA, especially in cross-model&dataset and cross-model&dataset&test attacks, our MTGA outperforms the SOTA methods by 20.0% and 11.3% on mean mAP drop rate, respectively. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Clustered Temporal Patch Transformer Network via Deep Local Feature Learning for Industrial Soft Sensor Applications

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Xiao, Lin Wang, Pingping Fang, Yijing Hunan Normal University College of Information Science and Engineering Changsha410081 China Hunan Normal University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Changsha410081 China

Accurate estimation of key quality indexes is critical for achieving optimal control in industrial processes. However, fluctuations in operating conditions, coupled with process lags, lead to multimodal data distributions and time-dependent correlations. These dynamics create fixed characteristic patterns within operating modes while propagating changes with delays, increasing the complexity of quality soft sensor modeling. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel Clustered Temporal Patch Transformer (CTPT-Former) for soft sensor modeling in industrial processes. CTPT-Former perceives coarse-grained process variability by identifying distinct operational modes in multimodal data. Each modal data is subsequently partitioned into patch units to enhance local feature extraction and capture fine-grained temporal dynamics. Futhermore, a time-dependent self-attention mechanism (CTPT-SA) is developed to strengthen the ability of model to uncover local and temporal correlations within and across modes, alleviating the complexities introduced by operational dependencies and spatial continuity of materials. Experimental results on real industrial datasets validate the superiority of the proposed approach compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Model predictive control

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Cross-Lingual Word Alignment for ASEAN languages with Contrastive Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Jingshen Qiu, Xinying Shen, Teng Wang, Wenyu Zhang, Kailin Feng, Wenhe School of Information Science and Technolgy Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou China Laboratory of Language Engineering and Computing Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou China College of Computer and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China

Cross-lingual word alignment plays a crucial role in various natural language processing tasks, particularly for low-resource languages. Recent study proposes a BiLSTM-based encoder-decoder model that outperforms pre-trained language models in low-resource settings. However, their model only considers the similarity of word embedding spaces and does not explicitly model the differences between word embeddings. To address this limitation, we propose incorporating contrastive learning into the BiLSTM-based encoder-decoder framework. Our approach introduces a multi-view negative sampling strategy to learn the differences between word pairs in the shared cross-lingual embedding space. We evaluate our model on five bilingual aligned datasets spanning four ASEAN languages: Lao, Vietnamese, Thai, and Indonesian. Experimental results demonstrate that integrating contrastive learning consistently improves word alignment accuracy across all datasets, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method in low-resource scenarios. We will release our data set and code to support future research on ASEAN or more low-resource word alignment. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Embeddings

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Semantic Relations between Nominals

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Synthesis Lectures on Human language Technologies 2021年第1期14卷 1-218页

作者： Nastase, Vivi Szpakowicz, Stan Nakov, Preslav Séagdha, Diarmuid Ó. Institute for Natural Language Processing University of Stuttgart Germany School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Canada Qatar Computing Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Qatar Computer Laboratory University of Cambridge United Kingdom

Opportunity and Curiosity find similar rocks on Mars. One can generally understand this statement if one knows that Opportunity and Curiosity are instances of the class of Mars rovers, and recognizes that, as signalled by the word on, rocks are located on Mars. Two mental operations contribute to understanding: Recognize how entities/concepts mentioned in a text interact and recall already known facts (which often themselves consist of relations between entities/concepts). Concept interactions one identifies in the text can be added to the repository of known facts, and aid the processing of future texts. The amassed knowledge can assist many advanced language-processing tasks, including summarization, question answering and machine translation. Semantic relations are the connections we perceive between things which interact. The book explores two, now intertwined, threads in semantic relations: How they are expressed in texts and what role they play in knowledge repositories. A historical perspective takes us back more than 2000 years to their beginnings, and then to developments much closer to our time: Various attempts at producing lists of semantic relations, necessary and sufficient to express the interaction between entities/concepts. A look at relations outside context, then in general texts, and then in texts in specialized domains, has gradually brought new insights, and led to essential adjustments in how the relations are seen. At the same time, datasets which encompass these phenomena have become available. They started small, then grew somewhat, then became truly large. The large resources are inevitably noisy because they are constructed automatically. The available corpora - to be analyzed, or used to gather relational evidence - have also grown, and some systems now operate at the Web scale. The learning of semantic relations has proceeded in parallel, in adherence to supervised, unsupervised or distantly supervised paradigms. Detailed analyses of an

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Y-Mol: A Multiscale Biomedical Knowledge-Guided Large language Model for Drug Development

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Tengfei Lin, Xuan Li, Tianle Li, Chaoyi Chen, Long Zhou, Peng Cai, Xibao Yang, Xinyu Zeng, Daojian Cao, Dongsheng Zeng, Xiangxiang College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Ministry of Education Xiangtan University China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Hunan Normal University China Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University China

Large language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable performance in general tasks across various fields. However, their effectiveness within specific domains such as drug development remains challenges. To solve these challenges, we introduce Y-Mol, forming a well-established LLM paradigm for the flow of drug development. Y-Mol is a multiscale biomedical knowledge-guided LLM designed to accomplish tasks across lead compound discovery, pre-clinic, and clinic prediction. By integrating millions of multiscale biomedical knowledge and using LLaMA2 as the base LLM, Y-Mol augments the reasoning capability in the biomedical domain by learning from a corpus of publications, knowledge graphs, and expert-designed synthetic data. The capability is further enriched with three types of drug-oriented instructions: description-based prompts from processed publications, semantic-based prompts for extracting associations from knowledge graphs, and template-based prompts for understanding expert knowledge from biomedical tools. Besides, Y-Mol offers a set of LLM paradigms that can autonomously execute the downstream tasks across the entire process of drug development, including virtual screening, drug design, pharmacological properties prediction, and drug-related interaction prediction. Our extensive evaluations of various biomedical sources demonstrate that Y-Mol significantly outperforms general-purpose LLMs in discovering lead compounds, predicting molecular properties, and identifying drug interaction events. The source code is available at https://***/r/Y-Mol. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning on Non-IID Data via Inversing Artificial Gradients

Byzantine-Robust Federated Learning on Non-IID Data via Inve...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Minyang Li Xiangyun Tang Tao Zhang Guangyuan Liu Yu Weng Key Laboratory of Ethnic Language Intelligent Analysis and Security Governance Minzu University of China China School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning framework that enhances privacy by enabling multiple participants to train a global model without sharing their raw data. However, FL still faces the threat posed by data and Byzantine attacks (e.g., data poisoning and model poisoning attacks) from malicious clients aimed to decrease the FL global training accuracy. Previous studies have proposed solutions to improve the robustness of FL systems. However, these robust approaches have not effectively defended against Byzantine attacks from malicious clients in non-Independent and Identically Distributed (non-IID) environments, decreasing overall training accuracy. In this work to address this issues, we propose a new defence framework that aims to enhance model accuracy against Byzantine attacks from malicious clients in non-IID environments. In our approach, the central server performs the Inverse Deep Learning Gradient attack using the gradient data submitted by users in each round, obtaining an inversed artificial gradient. We then assess the squared L2 norm difference between this inversed gradient and the actual gradients to detect malicious clients. Simultaneously, we assign weights to each client involved in the aggregation based on differences in the squared L2 norm, aiming to minimize the impact of malicious actors on the overall model. We have experimentally evaluated our method and demonstrated its ability to maintain training accuracy under attack in non-IID environments using standard datasets.

关键词： Training Accuracy Federated learning Distributed databases Robustness Data models Servers Global communication Standards Faces

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An AHP-based Computer Evaluation Model for College Students English Pronunciation Quality 21

An AHP-based Computer Evaluation Model for College Students ...

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5th International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Computer engineering, EITCE 2021

作者： Long, Yan Li, Xinguang Chen, Shuai Zhang, Shenbin Ma, Shanxian Li, Ruisi Laboratory of Language Engineering and Computing School of English Education Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou China Laboratory of Language Engineering and Computing School of Information Science and Technology Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou China School of Information Science and Technology Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou China College of Computer Science South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384322

Different groups of English learners have different levels of spoken English, and the criteria used to evaluate their pronunciation should also be different. This paper introduces a method for determining the weights of computerized ratings of English pronunciation quality for university students using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The indicators used for scoring are divided into two parts: firstly, basic pronunciation, including accuracy, intensity and speed;secondly, expression ability, including emotion, rhythm and intonation. The best weight for each indicator is calculated by the AHP method, and when the evaluation is carried out, the weighted sum of the scores of each indicator is calculated to obtain the final overall evaluation result. The paper concludes with an experiment to verify that the computer evaluation model of English pronunciation quality established in this way for university students is objective and valid. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process

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