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Design of biorefineries towards carbon neutrality: A critical review

Bioresource technology 2023年 369卷 128256页

作者： Culaba, Alvin B. Mayol, Andres Philip San Juan, Jayne Lois G. Ubando, Aristotle T. Bandala, Argel A. Concepcion II, Ronnie S. Alipio, Melchizedek Chen, Wei-Hsin Show, Pau Loke Chang, Jo-Shu Department of Mechanical Engineering De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila0922 Philippines Center for Engineering Sustainable Development Research De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila0922 Philippines Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila0922 Philippines Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila0922 Philippines Thermomechanical Analysis Laboratory De La Salle University Laguna Campus LTI Spine Road Laguna Blvd. Laguna Binan4024 Philippines Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila0922 Philippines Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection Wenzhou University Wenzhou325035 China Department of Sustainable Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai602105 India Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia 43500 Semenyih Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan

The increase in worldwide demand for energy is driven by the rapid increase in population and exponential economic development. This resulted in the fast depletion of fossil fuel supplies and unprecedented levels of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. To valorize biomass into different bioproducts, one of the popular and carbon–neutral alternatives is biorefineries. This system is an appropriate technology in the circular economy model. Various research highlighted the role of biorefineries as a centerpiece in the carbon–neutral ecosystem of technologies of the circular economy model. To fully realize this, various improvements and challenges need to be addressed. This paper presents a critical and timely review of the challenges and future direction of biorefineries as an alternative carbon–neutral energy source. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fossil fuels

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CFRP composites made from thermoplastic resin derived from cellulose: Chemical design targeting enhanced fiber-resin adhesion 18

CFRP composites made from thermoplastic resin derived from c...

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18th European Conference on Composite Materials, ECCM 2018

作者： Yasaka, Yoshiro Hoshino, Rina Ishida, Osuke Kitada, Jyunichi Uzawa, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Kenji Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa920-1192 Japan Innovative Composite Materials Research and Development Center Kanazawa Institute of Technology Hakusan924-0838 Japan Engineering and Production Group PROCESS SYSTEMS K.K. Kobe651-2228 Japan Laboratory for Integrated Technological Systems Kanazawa Institute of Technology Hakusan924-0838 Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa920-1192 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510896932

CFRP specimens are prepared by hot pressing using a newly synthesized thermoplastic-cellulose-derivative as matrix resins. The cellulose derivative containes furoyl group in addition to normal alkyl groups on the anhydroglucose units to increase the interfacial adhesion of the resin to carbon fibers by chemical bonds. Its viscosity is measured as a function of temperature by a plain plate rheometer to roughly estimate the temperature at which the resin gains enough fluidity for impregnation. Based on the rheology data, several composites are prepared by the hot pressing at constant temperature and pressure (230 °C and 4 MPa) but different pressing time to investigate the progress of the impregnation. It is demonstrated that the pressing time can be as short as 3 min for maximizing the flexural strength of the composite. A longer pressing time does not result in an increase in flexural strength although the apparent density of the composite increased. This is presumably due to a large distortion of the carbon fiber fabric. These results encourage us to make a step forward to continuous production of the CFRP sheets made from thermoplastic cellulose. © CCM 2020 - 18th European Conference on Composite Materials. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cellulose

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Micro- and nanoplastic size affects uptake and digestive tract region residence time in black soldier fly larvae during food waste bioconversion

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Waste management (New York, N.Y.) 2025年 204卷 114933页

作者： Moritz Gold Siebe Lievens Jeroen De Smet Daniela A Peguero Christelle Planche Christopher Whitshaw Andreas Scheidegger Denise M Mitrano Alexander Mathys Mik Van Der Borght Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory Institute of Food Nutrition and Health ETH Zürich Schmelzbergstrasse 9 8092 Zürich Switzerland. Electronic address: moritz.gold@hest.ethz.ch. KU Leuven Campus Geel Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems Research Group for Insect Production and Processing Kleinhoefstraat 4 2440 Geel Belgium. Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory Institute of Food Nutrition and Health ETH Zürich Schmelzbergstrasse 9 8092 Zürich Switzerland Department of Sanitation Water and Solid Waste for Development (Sandec) Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland. INRAE UR370 Animal Products Quality Unit F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle France. Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zurich Universitätstrasse 16 8092 Zurich Switzerland. Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Department Systems Analysis Integrated Assessment and Modelling Überlandstrasse 133 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland. Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory Institute of Food Nutrition and Health ETH Zürich Schmelzbergstrasse 9 8092 Zürich Switzerland.

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae (BSFL) are promising recycling agents of food waste nutrients. However, BSFL ingest micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) present in food waste, consequently introducing them into the food chain when BSFL-derived products are used as feeds or fertilizers. Our short-term exposure study (180 min ingestion, 1080 min egestion) deepens the understanding of particle transport during bioconversion by BSFL by determining how the size of nanoplastics (NPs, 220 nm) and microplastics (MPs, 10-20 and 53-63 µm) and food waste moisture content (65 % vs. 75 %) affect particle uptake, progression, and egestion across the different morphofunctional digestive tract regions of BSFL. Results demonstrate distinct differences in gut retention time among MNPs. NPs were taken up and transported more rapidly than larger MPs. Indigestible MPs (10-20 µm) exhibited different residence times than soluble blue dye, suggesting distinct particle residence times or discrimination between food and plastics within the BSFL digestive tract. In the short-term experiment, particle egestion was slower than ingestion. Higher moisture content increased the retention time of food waste, suggesting the need for further investigation into whether this can be used to manipulate the clearance of MNPs. The study findings contribute to safer bioconversion processes during circular food waste management.

关键词： Food Waste Microplastics Nanoplastics Pollution Recycling

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Extended Electric System Cascade Analysis (ESCA) for optimal power system targeting considering generation flexibility and heat rate factor

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 4190-4197页

作者： Wen Hui Liu Ming Yang Lee Haslenda Hashim Jeng Shiun Lim Jiří J. Klemeš Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Ahmad Muzammil Idris Wai Shin Ho Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT) Research Institute on Sustainable Environment (RISE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory – SPIL NETME Centre Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno Technická 2896/2 616 00 Brno Czech Republic

In order to cater for fluctuating energy demand, power plants are designed either as base power plant or peak power plant. The advantage of base power plant is that due to its constant power generation, the power plant has a higher efficiency. To optimize and design a power plant, many previous study has been conducted. Among the studies, Power Pinch tool named Electric System Cascade Analysis (ESCA) was applied to design an optimal power system. ESCA analysis is conducted by assuming that the power plant generates constant power as it is more efficient. However, further analysis using ESCA shows that with a minimal power plant capacity would result in a trade-off that the energy storage system would be larger and leads to higher energy charging and discharging tendency (result in higher energy lost). Considering the time change of heat rate with the corresponding load factor, this study incorporates new algorithm for flexible power generation into the existing ESCA methodology. To validate the new algorithm, an off-grid distributed energy generation system is mathematically modelled and solved. The result from the new algorithm is compared with that of the mathematical model. The comparison of optimal generator capacity shows a difference of 5.71%. The similarity of the result hence validates that the new algorithm is suitable.

关键词： Electric System Cascade Analysis (ESCA) mathematical model generation flexibility heat rate

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Overcoming the disconnect between energy system and climate modelling

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Craig, Michael T. Wohland, Jan Stoop, Laurens P. Kies, Alexander Pickering, Bryn Bloomfield, Hannah C. Browell, Jethro De Felice, Matteo Dent, Chris J. Deroubaix, Adrien Frischmuth, Felix Gonzalez, Paula L.M. Grochowicz, Aleksander Gruber, Katharina Härtel, Philipp Kittel, Martin Kotzur, Leander Labuhn, Inga Lundquist, Julie K. Pflugradt, Noah van der Wiel, Karin Zeyringer, Marianne Brayshaw, David J. School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan United States Institute for Environmental Decisions ETH Zurich Switzerland Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Germany Information and Computing Science Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development Utrecht University Netherlands TenneT TSO B.V. Arnhem Netherlands Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute Netherlands Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Denmark ETH Zürich Switzerland School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol United Kingdom Department of Meteorology University of Reading United Kingdom University of Glasgow United Kingdom European Commission Joint Research Centre Netherlands School of Mathematics University of Edinburg United Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute United Kingdom Max Planck Institute Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology Germany Department of Mathematics University of Oslo Norway University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Austria German Institute for Economic Research Germany Institute of Energy and Climate Research Techno-economic Systems Analysis Germany University of Bremen Institute of Geography Germany Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Colorado Boulder United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute United States Forschungszentrum Jülich Germany Department of Technology Systems University of Oslo Norway

Energy system models underpin decisions by energy system planners and operators. Energy system modelling faces a transformation: accounting for changing meteorological conditions imposed by climate change. To enable that transformation, a community of practice in energy-climate modelling has started to form that aims to better integrate energy system models with weather and climate models. Here, we evaluate the disconnects between the energy system and climate modelling communities, then lay out a research agenda to bridge those disconnects. In the near-term, we propose interdisciplinary activities for expediting uptake of future climate data in energy system modelling. In the long-term, we propose a transdisciplinary approach to enable development of (1) energy-system-tailored climate datasets for historical and future meteorological conditions and (2) energy system models that can effectively leverage those datasets. This agenda increases the odds of meeting ambitious climate mitigation goals by systematically capturing and mitigating climate risk in energy sector decision making. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Decision making

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Optical and structural properties of CZTS thin films produced by electrodeposition

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年

作者： Mondjou Georges Constant Beh Bouchaib Hartiti Ahmed Ziti Fransisco Kouadio Konan Abdelkrim Batan Hicham Labrim Abdellah Laazizi Cisse Théodore Haba Philippe Thevenin Laboratory of Virology Oncology Biosciences Environment and New Energies (LVOBEEN) and team leader of the Materials Energy Water Modelling and Sustainable Development Group (GMEEM & DD) FSTM Hassan II University of Casablanca (UH2C) BP 146 Mohammedia 20650 Morocco Laboratory of Solar Energy and Nanotechnology (LESN) - IREN (Institute of Research on New Energies) Nangui Abrogoua University 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02 Ivory Coast Joint Research and Innovation Unit in Engineering Science and Technology (UMRI-STI) National Polytechnic Institute Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB) BP 1093 Yamoussoukro Ivory Coast FST Errachidia Materials Science Team University Moulay Ismail of Meknes BP 509 Boutalamine 52000 Errachidia Morocco dvanced Systems Engineering Laboratory National School of Applied Sciences Ibn Tofaîl University Kenitra Morocco Laboratory of Materials Metallurgy and Process Engineering ENSAM Meknes Morocco MOPS laboratory University of Lorraine Centrale Supelec - 2 rue E. Belin B.P. 57070 Metz France

Copper-zinc-tin sulfide (Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 or CZTS), a quaternary compound, behaves as an intrinsic p-type semiconductor, making it an attractive, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly alternative as an absorber layer in photovoltaic cells. In this study, we deposited CZTS onto ITO conductive glass substrates using a single-step co-electrodeposition technique known as Cu-Zn-Sn-S (Co-Ed). The deposition process occurred at room temperature in an aqueous citrate electrolyte bath containing copper (II), zinc (II), tin (II), and sulfur. The deposition process was assisted by cyclic voltammetry to study the influence of cycle numbers, in particular 5, 10 and 15, on the structural and optical characteristics of sulfidation-free films. Scans were carried out at a rate of 20 mV/s in the potential range from −1.6 to 0 eV. CZTS thin films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The XRD results indicate the formation of CZTS kesterite, as evidenced by characteristic peaks. Likewise, optical analysis reveals an optical gap energy closely aligned with the optimum gap for the CZTS absorber layer (1.5 eV), making it suitable for photovoltaic applications.

关键词： CZTS Co-Ed Cyclic voltammetry UV–visible XRD

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The forefront of chemical engineering research

Nature Chemical Engineering

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Nature Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期1卷 18-27页

作者： Laura Torrente-Murciano Jennifer B. Dunn Panagiotis D. Christofides Jay D. Keasling Sharon C. Glotzer Sang Yup Lee Kevin M. Van Geem Jean Tom Gaohong He Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Engineering Sustainability and Resilience Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA California Institute of Quantitative Biosciences (QB3) University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Division of Biological Systems and Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA USA Center for Biosustainability Danish Technical University Lyngby Denmark Center for Synthetic Biochemistry Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies Shenzhen China Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 four) BioProcess Engineering Research Center Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Laboratory for Chemical Technology Department of Materials Textiles and Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Ghent Belgium Chemical Process Development Global Product Development and Supply Bristol Myers Squibb New Brunswick NJ USA State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning China

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Real-time virtual instrumentation of Arduino and LabVIEW based PV panel characteristics

Real-time virtual instrumentation of Arduino and LabVIEW bas...

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International Conference on Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency 2017, REEE 2017

作者： Hammoumi, A. El Motahhir, S. Chalh, A. Ghzizal, A. El Derouich, A. Laboratory of Production Engineering Energy and Sustainable Development Smart Energy Systems and Information Processing Research Team Higher School of Technology SMBA University Fez Morocco

This paper describes a virtual instrument based on a low-cost embedded board to monitor and plot the PV panel characteristics under real operation condition. The system design is based on a low-cost Arduino acquisition board in which the ATMega328 microcontroller is integrated. The acquisition is made through a low-cost current and voltage sensors and the data are transmitted in LabVIEW by using LIFA Interface for Arduino. Hence, the I-V (current-voltage) and P-V (power-voltage) characteristics for PV panel, which processed under actual conditions, can be obtained and plotted directly on a monitoring platform in LabVIEW. The proposed instrument can be used for educational or research purposes using a low-cost and easily hardware without having extensive knowledge about electronic engineering. The present instrumentation technique provides easy access to the collected data for further analysis. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Digital instruments

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A low-cost PV Emulator for testing MPPT algorithm

A low-cost PV Emulator for testing MPPT algorithm

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International Conference on Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency 2017, REEE 2017

作者： Chalh, A. Motahhir, S. Hammoumi, A. El Ghzizal, A. El Derouich, A. Laboratory of Production Engineering Energy and Sustainable Development Smart Energy Systems and Information Processing Research Team Higher School of Technology SMBA University Fez Morocco

The high cost of commercial PV emulators requires finding new solutions for building low-cost system having similar behavior of PV panel. In this work, we present a low-cost emulator using a variable DC supply with a series variable resistor;based the maximum power transfer theorem. On the other hands, a study of the behavior of this emulator is done. The results of experiments test are shown that our PV emulator can provide a simple, efficient and a low-cost way for researchers to test and verify their MPPT algorithms in a laboratory environment. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Energy transfer

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Towards Atomic-Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in an Uncorrected 30kV Scanning Electron Microscope

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Ramasse, Quentin Kepaptsoglou, Demie Sunaoshi, Takeshi Kaji, Kazutoshi Okada, Satoshi Yamazawa, Yu Saito, Tsutomu Dixon, Michael Azough, Feridoon Freer, Robert SuperSTEM Laboratory SciTech Daresbury Campus Daresbury United Kingdom School of Chemical and Process Engineering & School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom School of Physics Engineering and Technology University of York York United Kingdom Hitachi High-Technologies Corp. Application Development Department Ibaraki Japan Hitachi High-Technologies Corp. Electron Microscope Systems Design1st Dept. Ibaraki Japan Hitachi High-Tech Europe SciTech Daresbury Campus Daresbury United Kingdom School of Materials University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom

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