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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Maram Sakr Martin Freeman H. F. Machiel Van der Loos Elizabeth Croft Collaborative Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Systems (CARIS) Laboratory Mechanical Engineering University of British Columbia Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Stanford University

ISBN: (数字)9781728160757

ISBN: (纸本)9781728160764

Robot Learning from Demonstration (LfD) allows robots to implement autonomous manipulation by observing the movements executed by a demonstrator. As such, LfD has been established as a key element for useful user interactions in everyday environments. Kinesthetic teaching, a teaching technique within LfD, entails physically guiding the robot to achieve a task. When demonstrating complex actions on a multi-DoF manipulator, novice users typically encounter difficulties with trajectory continuity and joint orientation, necessitating training by an expert. A comparison between different training approaches is conducted in a study of nine novice users. These approaches are kinesthetic, observational and discovery-learning. The kinesthetic method utilizes record and playback functions implemented on a 7-DoF Barrett Technology WAM robot. A novice user passively holds the arm while an expert's trajectory is replayed. A visual demonstration by the expert is used for the observational training group. The discovery-learning group does not receive an expert demonstration; they use trial-and-error to produce the trajectory on their own. Task-space performance is evaluated pre- and post-training for each user to determine the relative and absolute performance improvements of the groups across the three training approaches. Absolute performance improvements are compared to the performance of an expert and a minimum-jerk trajectory to gauge how skillful the participant becomes with respect to the expert. The kinesthetic approach shows superior indicators of performance in trajectory similarity to the minimum-jerk trajectory with 39% and 13% improvement over the observational and discovery methods, respectively. Observational training shows greater improvement in terms of the smoothness of the velocity profile with 32.7% compared to 29.5% and 21.9% for both discovery and kinesthetic training, respectively.

关键词： Robots Task analysis Training Trajectory End effectors Robot learning Robot sensing systems

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Experimental Study on the Correlation of Cutting Head Vibrations and Kerf Characteristics during Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Titanium Alloy 9

Experimental Study on the Correlation of Cutting Head Vibrat...

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9th CIRP Conference on High Performance Cutting, HPC 2020

作者： Karmiris-Obratański, Panagiotis Karkalos, Nikolaos E. Kudelski, Rafal Papazoglou, Emmanouil L. Markopoulos, Angelos P. National Technical University of Athens School of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Manufacturing Technology Heroon Politechniou 9 Athens15780 Greece AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Department of Manufacturing Systems al. Mickiewicza 30 Cracow30-059 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781713835431

Processing of hard-to-cut materials is always challenging, justifying the need of the adoption of efficient non-conventional cutting processes, such as Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ) cutting. In the present study, an experimental work on AWJ cutting of a titanium alloy is performed and analysis of the results is conducted in two steps;after the correlation between process parameters and slot depth and width is established, the correlation between cutting head vibrations and kerf characteristics is investigated, in order to determine whether it is possible to use vibration values for the monitoring of the outcome of the AWJ cutting process. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Surface topography of Ti 6Al 4V ELI after high power EDM 23

Surface topography of Ti 6Al 4V ELI after high power EDM

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23rd International Conference on Material Forming, ESAFORM 2020

作者： Karmiris-Obratański, Panagiotis Zagórski, Krzysztof Cieślik, Jacek Papazoglou, Emmanouil Lazaros Markopoulos, Angelos AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Department of Manufacturing Systems al. Mickiewicza 30 Cracow30-059 Poland National Technical University of Athens School of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Manufacturing Technology Heroon Polytechniou 9 Athens15780 Greece

Titanium alloys find extensive applications in the modern aerospace and offshore industry, as well in the field of biomedical implants. Nevertheless, the titanium inherent thermo-physical properties (low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity) make it a hard to machine material. For the efficient machining of titanium alloys, non-conventional machining processes are employed. Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-contact machining process, in which the material removal occurs through repetitive electrical sparks. The capabilities of machining any electrically conductive material, regardless of its thermo-physical and other properties, render it as one of the most widely used non-conventional machining processes. As titanium alloys are used in high-quality parts and products, the integrity and texture of the machined surface constitute an essential parameter. The current study presents an experimental investigation of the surface texture and integrity of Ti6Al4V ELI after its machining with high power EDM. Namely, a full-scale experiment has been carried out, for pulse currents up to 65A and pulse-on time up to 200 μs, using graphite electrode. The surface texture (ST) and integrity has been estimated in terms of arithmetic mean height (Sa), the maximum height of scale-limited surface (Sz), maximum peak height (Sp), maximum pit height (Sv) and skewness of the scale-limited surface (Ssk). Additionally, through microscopy observation, the surface topography and integrity have been estimated, distinguishing and characterizing the surface cracks and micro-cracks. For all the above mentioned ST parameters, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test has been performed. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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An Integral Sliding-Mode Parallel Control Approach for General Nonlinear systems via Piecewise Affine Linear Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Chunyang Gao, Qing Deng, Yue Qiu, Jianbin School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China School of Astraunotics Beihang University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Research Institute of Intelligent Control and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

The fundamental problem of stabilizing a general non-affine continuous-time nonlinear system is investigated via piecewise affine linear models (PALMs) in this paper. A novel integral sliding-mode parallel control (ISMPC) approach is developed, where an uncertain piecewise affine system (PWA) is constructed to model a non-affine continuous-time nonlinear system equivalently on a compact region containing the origin. A piecewise sliding-mode parallel controller is designed to globally stabilize the PALM and, consequently, to semi-globally stabilize the original nonlinear system. The proposed scheme enjoys three favorable features: i) some restrictions on the system input channel are eliminated, thus the developed method is more relaxed compared with the published approaches;ii) it is convenient to be used to deal with both matched and unmatched uncertainties of the system;and (iii) the proposed piecewise parallel controller generates smooth control signals even around the boundaries between different subspaces, which makes the developed control strategy more implementable and reliable. Moreover, we provide discussions about the universality analysis of the developed control strategy for two kinds of typical nonlinear systems. Simulation results from two numerical examples further demonstrate the performance of the developed control approach. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonlinear systems

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Research on the method of path planning for slag-removing on the surface of zinc pot

Research on the method of path planning for slag-removing on...

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第33届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Kebo LI Ling XIONG Zhenzhou ZHANG Gang CHEN Engineering Research Center for Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Wuhan University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology

During the production process of cold-rolled hot-dip galvanizing,the slag on the surface of the zinc pot will affect the quality of the *** zinc slag is mostly collected manually or by robots at *** effect of manual salvage is unstable and the operation is *** robot cannot identify the location of the zinc slag and can only salvage it according to a fixed rule,resulting in low *** response to the above problems,a zinc pot slag path planning method based on the greedy algorithm is proposed in this *** zinc pot area is divided,the image processing method is used to identify and locate the zinc slag to be *** the priority of the zinc pot,the obstacle avoidance problem and the restriction of the weight limit of the slag-removing tool are proposed in combination with the process *** three salvage strategies based on the greedy algorithm,the shortest distance,the maximum weight,and the minimum weight are proposed *** results show that the greedy algorithm strategy based on the shortest distance performs best,consumes the least energy,and the algorithm runs for a shorter *** can significantly improve the efficiency of zinc pot slag removal,realize intelligent control of slag removal technology,and can be applied to the actual production of zinc pot slag removal.

关键词： Slag from zinc pot Intelligent control Greedy algorithm Path planning Shortest distance strategy

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Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Testbed for Three-Axis Earth's Magnetic Field Generation Based on 2.4- Meter Square Helmholtz Coils

Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Testbed for Three-Axis Earth...

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IEEE Symposium on Position Location and Navigation (PLANS)

作者： Jormpon Chaisakulsurin Shariff Manuthasna Tanawish Masri Thanayuth Panyalert Kritsada Palee Pakawat Prasit Patcharin Kamsing Peerapong Torteeka Thai Space Consortium Project National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) Chiang-Mai Thailand Center of Observatory Operation and Engineering National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) Chiang-Mai Thailand Faculty of Engineering Program in Robotics and Computational Intelligence Systems International Academy of Aviation Industry King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Department of Aeronautical Engineering Air-Space Control Optimization and Management Laboratory International Academy of Aviation Industry King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

This paper proposes a Hardware-in-the-Loop sim-ulation (HiLs) tested via square Helmholtz coils as a relative magnetic field generator. In technical terms, the HiLs is an indispensable tool for engineering design during rapid proto-typing of attitude determination and control algorithms for the turning parameters that control the attitude of the satellite, since most of the satellite's mission relies on its attitude, making this system one of the most essential to the satellite's operation. More-over, performing controlled experiments with the parameters for developing adaptive control algorithms improves the overall efficiency of the satellite's kinematic system. The conceptual design of a proposed system architecture can be composed of the electrical currents of 2.4-meter square Helmholtz coils produced by a low-level microcontroller equipped with a DC-motor driver by a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal through real-time connection to an orbit propagator using a high-level computer. This research focuses on the attitude dynamic of satellites through the interaction between the Earth's magnetic field (EMF) and the magnetotorque in the satellite. To apply this phenomenon, the intensity and the direction of the magnetic field must be identified through Biot-Savart's law. Along with the EMF, the reference position is calculated using the standard general perturbations satellite orbit model (SGP4), and the intensity is modeled based on coefficients from the 13 th edition of the International Geo-magnetic Reference Field (IGRF). Therefore, this paper presents a detailed development of a HiLs testbed for distributed attitude determination and control systems (hardware and software co-design, protocol, and control theory). Furthermore, it discusses a classic cooperative control case for the output of magnetic field intensity and direction, which was undertaken to explain the integrated simulation process and validate the effectiveness of the co-simulation tested to be

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A Novel Duo-Stage driven Deep Neural Network Approach for Mitigating Electrode Shift Impact on Myoelectric Pattern Recognition systems

A Novel Duo-Stage driven Deep Neural Network Approach for Mi...

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IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurement and Applications (MEMEA)

作者： Frank Kulwa Oluwarotimi Williams Samuel Mojisola Grace Asogbon Tolulope Tofunmi Oyemakinde Olumide Olayinka Obe Guanglin Li CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shenzhen Guangdong China Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Guangdong China School of Computing and Engineering University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

A major barrier to the commercialization of pattern recognition (PR)-based myoelectric prostheses is the lack of robustness to confounding factors such as electrode shift which has been lingering for years. To overcome this challenge, a novel Duo-Stage Convolutional Neural Network (DS-CNN) is proposed. The DS-CNN is comprised of two cascaded stages in which the first stage deciphers the occurrence of a particular kind of shift upon which a requisite CNN model is triggered in the second stage for accurate decoding of individual motion intent, which is necessary for initiating robust control of the prostheses. The proposed scheme works on raw EMG signals as input which reduces the preprocessing time that would be required in conventional machine learning-based PR schemes, to effectively mitigate both transverse and longitudinal shifts using the same network architecture. This approach was validated for four distinct electrode shift conditions (with shifts in the range of 7.50mm-10.05mm) in a dataset obtained from 18 able-bodied subjects that performed 8 classes of targeted hand gestures. The experimental results show that the proposed dual-stage driven deep neural network model can adequately resolve the effects of electrode shift with classification accuracy near the No-shift scenario (< 1.70% difference between shift mitigation and No shift scenarios). These outcomes suggest that our method can provide a practical solution for adaptation to electrode shift, thus improving the robustness of the EMG pattern recognition systems in both clinical and commercial settings.

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Teaching young learners a foreign language via tangible and graphical user interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Michailidis, Heracles Michailidi, Eleni Tavoultzidou, Stavroula Fragulis, George F. Laboratory of Robotics Embedded and Integrated Systems Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Greece

The use of tangible interfaces in teaching has been proved more effective, user -friendly and helpful in collaborative learning departments, when compared to traditional teaching approaches. In particular, the tangible interface "Makey Makey"is a modern tool that enhances collaboration between pupils, with positive results in education, despite the limited research done on this interface so far. "Makey Makey" succeeds in motivating and engaging young learners in the learning process, showing better performance and scoring results. In addition, its use in teaching has been shown to benefit the learning process in every age learning *** development and use of such an innovative teaching/learning approach helps young learners perceive the educational process in a different way and assimilate new cognitive fields more effectively. Moreover, educators profit as well, as they can eliminate difficulties and teach more efficiently using examples based on their teaching approach, while enhancing young learners’ parallel skills as well. This study will confirm previous research results stating that assimilation of new concepts is easier with tangible interfaces than with graphical ones, as well as that young learners participating in the survey have shown significant progress in knowledge acquisition when compared to their prior knowledge. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning systems

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Control of Smart Buildings and Utility-Scale Batteries Enabling 24/7 Carbon-Free Energy*

Control of Smart Buildings and Utility-Scale Batteries Enabl...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Faran A. Qureshi Jeff S. Shamma Robotics Intelligent Systems and Control (RISC) Laboratory Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign USA

Wind power is a clean and sustainable source of electricity, but its intermittent nature creates challenges for its grid integration. Utility-scale batteries are a popular and effective solution to make wind power dispatchable, however, batteries are expensive and increase the overall cost of operation. In this paper, we propose utilizing the flexibility in the consumption of smart buildings to reduce the size of the utility-scale batteries needed for the dispatchability of wind energy. A method based on stochastic optimization is proposed to compute the dispatch plan required to participate in the day-ahead energy market. A stochastic model predictive controller is proposed for the control of the buildings and batteries to track the dispatch plan in real-time. Simulations are carried out with realistic building models and real weather, wind power production, and forecast data. Results demonstrate that utilizing the flexibility of building thermodynamics can significantly reduce the size (and usage) of the required battery for making the wind power production dispatchable.

关键词： Smart buildings Computational modeling Stochastic processes Production Wind power generation Predictive models Data models

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Scientific Exploration of Challenging Planetary Analog Environments with a Team of Legged Robots

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Arm, Philip Waibel, Gabriel Preisig, Jan Tuna, Turcan Zhou, Ruyi Bickel, Valentin Ligeza, Gabriela Miki, Takahiro Kehl, Florian Kolvenbach, Hendrik Hutter, Marco Robotic Systems Lab ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Laboratory of Hydraulics Hydrology and Glaciology ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Center for Space and Habitability University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Environmental Sciences University of Basel Basel Switzerland University of Zurich Dübendorf Switzerland Center for Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Institute of Medical Engineering Space Biology Group Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Art Hergiswil Switzerland

The interest in exploring planetary bodies for scientific investigation and in-situ resource utilization is ever-rising. Yet, many sites of interest are inaccessible to state-of-the-art planetary exploration robots because of the robots’ inability to traverse steep slopes, unstructured terrain, and loose soil. Additionally, current single-robot approaches only allow a limited exploration speed and a single set of skills. Here, we present a team of legged robots with complementary skills for exploration missions in challenging planetary analog environments. We equipped the robots with an efficient locomotion controller, a mapping pipeline for online and post-mission visualization, instance segmentation to highlight scientific targets, and scientific instruments for remote and in-situ investigation. Furthermore, we integrated a robotic arm on one of the robots to enable high-precision measurements. Legged robots can swiftly navigate representative terrains, such as granular slopes beyond 25 degrees, loose soil, and unstructured terrain, highlighting their advantages compared to wheeled rover systems. We successfully verified the approach in analog deployments at the BeyondGravity ExoMars rover testbed, in a quarry in Switzerland, and at the Space Resources Challenge in Luxembourg. Our results show that a team of legged robots with advanced locomotion, perception, and measurement skills, as well as task-level autonomy, can conduct successful, effective missions in a short time. Our approach enables the scientific exploration of planetary target sites that are currently out of human and robotic reach. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robots

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