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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Pedro Batista Carlos Silvestre Paulo Oliveira Institute for Systems and Robotics Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357159

This paper addresses the problems of source localization and navigation based on discrete-time single direction measurements, in 3-D, in addition to relative velocity readings. For source localization, an agent aims at estimating the position of a source relative to itself, while for navigation the agents aims to estimate its own position assuming that it also has access to the position of the source in an inertial frame. Additionally, unknown constant drift velocities are considered and explicitly estimated. The design follows essentially by considering an augmented system, which is linear, and thoroughly address its observability and its relation with the original nonlinear system. The final estimation solution is a Kalman filter, with globally exponentially stable (GES) error dynamics. Simulation results are presented that illustrate the achievable performance with the proposed solution.

关键词： Position measurement navigation Kalman filters discrete-time Observability estimated position

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Darwinian Robotic Swarms for exploration with minimal communication

Darwinian Robotic Swarms for exploration with minimal commun...

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2013 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2013

作者： Couceiro, Micael S. Rocha, Rui P. Ferreira, Nuno M. F. Vargas, Patricia A. Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal RoboCorp Department of Electrical Engineering Engineering Institute of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Robotics Laboratory School of Mathematical and Computer Science Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904549

The Robotic Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (RDPSO) recently introduced in the literature has the ability to dynamically partition the whole population of robots based on simple 'punish-reward' rules. Although this evolutionary algorithm enables the reduction of the amount of required information exchange among robots, a further analysis on the communication complexity of the RDPSO needs to be carried out so as to evaluate its scalability. This paper analyses the architecture of the RDPSO communication system, thus describing the dynamics of the communication data packet structure shared between teammates. Moreover, a set of simple communication rules is also proposed in order to reduce the communication overhead within swarms of robots. Experimental results with teams of 15 real robots show that the proposed methodology reduces the communication overhead, thus improving the scalability and applicability of the RDPSO algorithm. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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Dynamical balance optimization and control of quadruped robots under perturbing external force

Dynamical balance optimization and control of quadruped robo...

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3rd IFAC Conference on Intelligent Control and Automation science, ICONS 2013

作者： Li, Zhijun Yu, Sijia Liu, Sibang Key Laboratory of Autonomous Systems and Networked Control College of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Robotics Institute University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823458

This paper investigates the optimal feet forces distribution and control of quadruped robots under external disturbance forces. First, we formulate a constrained dynamic model of quadruped robots and derive a reduced order dynamical model of motion/force. Consider an external wrench on quadruped robots, the distribution of required forces and moments on the supporting legs of a quadruped robot is handled as a tip-point force distribution and used to equilibrate the external wrench. Then, a gradient neural network is adopted to minimize the optimized objective function with linear equality and inequality constraints, and hybrid motion/force control based on adaptive neural network is used to compensate for the external perturbation in the environment and approximate feedforward force and impedance of the leg joints on line. The verification of the proposed control is conducted using the extensive simulations. Copyright © 2013 IFAC.

关键词： Adaptive control systems

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Vanishing point detection for CCTV in railway stations

Vanishing point detection for CCTV in railway stations

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5th International Conference on Imaging for Crime Detection and Prevention, ICDP 2013

作者： Tarrit, K. Atkinson, G.A. Smith, M.L. Molleda, J. Wright, G.C. Gaal, P. Centre for Machine Vision Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of England Bristol United Kingdom Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Oviedo Spain Aralia Systems Ltd. Horsham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781849199049

Vanishing point (VP) detection is an important task in computer vision with particular importance in video surveillance. However, despite having numerous applications in camera calibration, 3D reconstruction and threat detection, a general method for VP detection has remained elusive. Rather than attempting the infeasible task of VP detection in general scenes, this paper presents a novel method that is fine-tuned to work for railway station environments and is shown to outperform the state-of-the-art for that particular case. The motivation for this is that (a) these environments are particularly susceptible to many types of crime from petty theft to terrorist activity, (b) the number of objects/structures in the scenes are limited, rendering the problem more tractable than the generic case, and (c) they typically have many CCTV cameras already installed. The method presented here commences by extracting edges from the input frame using the Canny edge detector as a pre-processing stage before the standard Hough transform is employed. A novel line clustering algorithm is then applied to determine the parameters of the lines that converge at VPs. This is based on statistics of the detected lines and heuristics about the type of scene. The clustered lines are then used to compute VPs using their intersection points. A voting system is used to optimise detection in an attempt to omit spurious lines. The paper includes a direct comparison to the state-of-the-art and ground truth.

关键词： Subway stations

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An analysis of regression models for predicting the speed of a wave glider autonomous surface vehicle

An analysis of regression models for predicting the speed of...

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2013 Australasian Conference on robotics and Automation, ACRA 2013

作者： Ngo, Phillip Al-Sabban, Wesam Thomas, Jesse Anderson, Will Das, Jnashewar Smith, Ryan N. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD Australia Liquid Robotics Inc. Sunnyvale SunnyvaleCA United States Robotics Embedded Systems Laboratory University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Physics and Engineering Department Fort Lewis College DurangoCO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780980740448

An important aspect of robotic path planning for is ensuring that the vehicle is in the best location to collect the data necessary for the problem at hand. Given that features of in- terest are dynamic and move with oceanic cur- rents, vehicle speed is an important factor in any planning exercises to ensure vehicles are at the right place at the right time. Here, we examine different Gaussian process models to find a suitable predictive kinematic model that enable the speed of an underactuated, au- tonomous surface vehicle to be accurately pre- dicted given a set of input environmental pa-rameters.

关键词： Motion planning

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Cooperative AUV motion planning using terrain information

Cooperative AUV motion planning using terrain information

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OCEANS 2013 MTS/IEEE Bergen: The Challenges of the Northern Dimension

作者： Hausler, Andreas J. Saccon, Alessandro Pascoal, Antonio M. Hauser, John Aguiar, A. Pedro Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Science and Engineering Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Department University of Colorado at Boulder Colorado United States Faculdade de Engenharia University of Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479900015

There is widespread interest in the deployment of fleets of marine robots with the potential to roam the oceans freely and collect data at an unprecedented scale. This calls for the development of efficient algorithms for multiple vehicle motion planning that can take directly into account the capabilities of each vehicle as well as the environmental conditions and lend themselves to seamless integration with control and navigation systems. The latter connection is for the most part eschewed in the literature, in spite of the obvious fact that in order for the vehicles to execute the planned motions they must at a later stage navigate with great accuracy and follow the trajectories using control algorithms that take explicitly into account the dynamical constraints of the vehicles involved. Among the methods available for underwater vehicle navigation, terrain-based techniques have recently come to the fore. These techniques avoid the use of overly expensive inertial-like motion sensor units and hold considerable promise for the development of a new breed of affordable long range navigation systems. Motivated by these considerations, we tackle in the present paper the problem of multiple vehicle motion planning by taking explicitly into consideration inter-vehicle collision avoidance, together with a number of criteria that may include simultaneous times of arrival at assigned target points, energy minimization, acoustic communication constraints, and the maximization of terrain information along the vehicle paths (as measured by some appropriate criterion) for terrain-based navigation purposes. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Joint ASV/AUV range-based formation control: Theory and experimental results

Joint ASV/AUV range-based formation control: Theory and expe...

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2013 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation, ICRA 2013

作者： Soares, Jorge M. Aguiar, A. Pedro Pascoal, Antonio M. Martinoli, Alcherio Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science Instituto Superior Técnico Technical University of Lisbon Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467356411

The use of groups of autonomous marine vehicles has enormous potential in numerous marine applications, perhaps the most relevant of which is the surveying and exploration of the oceans, still widely unknown and misunderstood. In many mission scenarios requiring the concerted operation of multiple marine vehicles carrying distinct, yet complementary sensor suites, relative positioning and formation control becomes mandatory. However, the constraints placed by the medium make it hard to both communicate and localize vehicles, even in relation to each other. In this paper, we deal with the challenging problem of keeping an autonomous underwater vehicle in a moving triangular formation with respect to 2 leader vehicles. We build upon our previous theoretical work on range-only formation control, which presents simple feedback laws to drive the controlled vehicle to its intended position in the formation using only ranges obtained to the leading vehicles with no knowledge of the formation path. We then introduce the real-world constraints associated with the use of autonomous underwater vehicles, especially the low frequency characteristics of acoustic ranging and its unreliability. We discuss the required changes to implement the solution in our vehicles, and provide simulation results using a full dynamic and communication model. Finally, we present the results of real world trials using MEDUSA-class autonomous marine vehicles. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles

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Dynamical Balance Optimization and Control of Quadruped Robots Under Perturbing External Force

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第20期46卷 199-205页

作者： Zhijun Li Sijia Yu Sibang Liu Key Laboratory of Autonomous Systems and Networked Control Ministry of Education College of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China The Robotics Institute and School of Mechanical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China 610054 The Robotics Institute and Institute of Intelligent Systems and Information Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China 610054

关键词： quadruped robot forces distribution external wrench motion/force control

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Structural design of 2D piezoresistive micro-force sensor

Structural design of 2D piezoresistive micro-force sensor

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14th Annual Conference and the 3rd International Conference of the Chinese Society of Micro-Nano Technology, CSMNT 2012

作者： Zhou, Jie Rong, Weibin Sun, Lining State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Province China Hei Longjiang Institute of Science and Technology Electrical Power Engineering School Harbin 150046 Heilongjiang Province China MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing Harbin 150080 Heilongjiang Province China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037857397

In order to detect the tool-substrate contact force and the tool-target interaction force during nano-manipulation process, a novel MEMS based 2D piezoresistive micro-force sensor structure was proposed. This structure can realize the 3D hardware decoupling for the X,Y and Z axis. Thus, the force detection in the vertical direction (Z axis) and parallel direction reference to base (X axis) can be done simultaneously. Theoretical analysis shows that this structure has a good structural sensitivity. The rationality and feasibility of the structure were confirmed by simulation results. © 2013 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： MEMS Nano-manipulation Piezoresistive micro-force sensor

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A new algorithm for linearization up to multi-output and multi-input injection for a class of systems with implicitly defined outputs

A new algorithm for linearization up to multi-output and mul...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Sérgio S. Rodrigues A. Pedro Aguiar Öaw Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM) Linz Austria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901890

Given a class of nonlinear systems with implicitly defined outputs, we provide a new algorithm to find appropriate local coordinates, in which the resulting system takes a desired target form that is state-affine, up to output and input injection. Once in the target form, it is possible to construct a state-space observer with linear, possibly time-varying, error dynamics.

关键词： Vectors Equations Observers Gold Geometry Nonlinear dynamical systems

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