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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Victor M. Preciado Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi Ali Jadbabaie Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA General Robotics Automation Sensing and Perception (GRASP) Laboratory Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424477456

We study the asymptotic properties of distributed consensus algorithms over switching directed random networks. More specifically, we focus on consensus algorithms over independent and identically distributed, directed random graphs, where each agent can communicate with any other agent with some exogenously specified probability. While different aspects of consensus algorithms over random switching networks have been widely studied, a complete characterization of the distribution of the asymptotic value for general asymmetric random consensus algorithms remains an open problem. In this paper, we derive closed-form expressions for the mean and an upper bound for the variance of the asymptotic consensus value, when the underlying network evolves according to an i.i.d. directed random graph process.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Switches Markov processes Silicon Upper bound Closed-form solution Convergence

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Observer-Based Dynamic Control of an Underactuated Hand

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Advanced robotics 2010年第1期24卷 123-137页

作者： Huang Hai haihus@*** Jiang Li Pang Yong-jie Shi Shi-cai Tang Qi-rong Yang Da-peng Liu Hong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defense of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 P. R. China University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 9 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics German Aerospace Center DLR 82230 Wessling Germany

The purpose of this paper was to construct a velocity observer based on the dynamic model and realize accurate dynamic curve and force control. Curve fitting with the observer obtained precise velocity signals. Compared with PID and factored moment methods, it decreased the fitting errors a lot and achieved ideal results. Compensated with the inverse dynamic equation, the force-based impedance control with the observer could not only realize accurate force tracking, but achieve finger dynamic control by the combination of curve fitting and force tracking. Furthermore, a static grasp model was established for appropriate force distribution. The finger could grasp slippery, fragile, comparatively heavy and large objects like an egg with only base joint torque and position sensors, which illustrated that the hand could accomplish difficult tasks by using the static grasp model and dynamic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： curve fitting DYNAMIC CONTROL force control UNDERACTUATED VELOCITY OBSERVER

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Grasping simulation of an underactuated finger mechanism for larm hand

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International Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2010年第1期30卷 87-97页

作者： Yao, S. Wu, L. Ceccarelli, M. Carbone, G. Lu, Z. School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China College of Information Engineering Central University for Nationalities Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics China and University of Cassino Italy LARM: Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics Cassino United States

In this paper, the grasp operation of an underactuated finger mechanism is simulated with the aim to characterize and analyze its performance. The design of the proposed mechanism is based on spring systems that give suitable underactuation characteristics. A CAD model is proposed and then it is used in a procedure for numerical simulation. Simulation results show suitable capability for grasping a wide range of objects in size and shape by operating the mechanism inside the finger body. The achieved grasp has been simulated as a human-like functionality with a grasp contact in each phalanx.

关键词： Computer aided design

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Learning compliance control of robot manipulators in contact with the unknown environment

Learning compliance control of robot manipulators in contact...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Yanan Li Chenguang Yang Shuzhi Sam Ge Social Robotics Laboratory Interactive Digital Media Institute and NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London London UK Institute of Intelligent Systems University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424454471

In this paper, a control mechanism is presented to improve the compliance performance of the robot manipulator when it is in contact with the unknown environment. This mechanism guarantees that the dynamics of the whole system follows a target impedance model so that the desired compliance performance is obtained. In particular, under the assumption that the dynamics is periodic, a learning law is developed to estimate the unknown dynamics parameters. Besides, the proposed systematic learning control does not require the accurate force measurement. Its performance and robustness are discussed in details by the rigorous analysis. At last, the validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation.

关键词： Impedance Manipulator dynamics Force Control design Force measurement

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Robotic Manipulation with Large Time Delay on Visual Feedback systems

Robotic Manipulation with Large Time Delay on Visual Feedbac...

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2010 IEEE/ASME international conference on advanced intelligent mechatronics (AIM 2010)

作者： Takahiro Inoue Shinichi Hirai Faculty of Department of Systems Engineering of Sports Computer Science and Systems Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Soja Okayama Japan Laboratory of Integrated Machine Intelligence and Faculty of Department of Robotics Ritsumeikan University Japan

A difference between the human and robots from the viewpoint of motor control is a sampling time in everyday movements. That is, the sampling time for controlling conventional robot systems is required to become approximately 1 ms. On the other hand, the motor control based on human nervous system permits considerably large time-delay due to the transmission latency on afferent/efferent pathways of the central nervous system. To date, it has been difficult for the robot to acquire dexterous tasks and precise movements as long as the robot system has an unexpected large delay in terms of sensory informations. Based on the above observation, this paper provides a new control strategy to accomplish precise orientation control of a target object grasped by a robotic hand consisting of two degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). The controller, named as serial two-phased (STP) controller, proposed in this study can realize secure grasping and manipulation in the case that a large visual feedback delay induced by the low specification of a camera is hiding in the control loop. Finally, through several simulations, we indicate that the closed loop dynamics designed by integrating the STP controller and a soft-fingertip structure is robust even in at most 100 ms-delay relating to the updating of camera images.

关键词： Robots Delay Trajectory Joints Visualization Muscles Humans

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Swarm pattern transformation methodologies

Swarm pattern transformation methodologies

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IEEE Swarm Intelligence Symposium, SIS

作者： Blesson Varghese Gerard T. McKee Active Robotics Laboratory School of Systems Engineering University of Reading UK Head of Computer Science Department School of Systems Engineering University of Reading UK

The work reported in this paper is motivated by the need for developing swarm pattern transformation methodologies. Two methods, namely a macroscopic method and a mathematical method are investigated for pattern transformation. The first method is based on macroscopic parameters while the second method is based on both microscopic and macroscopic parameters. A formal definition to pattern transformation considering four special cases of transformation is presented. Simulations on a physics simulation engine are used to confirm the feasibility of the proposed transformation methods. A brief comparison between the two methods is also presented.

关键词： Robots Microscopy systems engineering and theory Physics Engines Pattern formation Humans Laboratories Computer science Ant colony optimization

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Cooperative mapping of multiple PTZ cameras in automated surveillance systems

Cooperative mapping of multiple PTZ cameras in automated sur...

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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chung-Chen Chen Yi Yao Anis Drira Andreas Koschan Mongi Abidi Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA

Due to the capacity of pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras to simultaneously cover a panoramic area and maintain high resolution imagery, researches in automated surveillance systems with multiple PTZ cameras have become increasingly important. Most existing algorithms require the prior knowledge of intrinsic parameters of the PTZ camera to infer the relative positioning and orientation among multiple PTZ cameras. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel mapping algorithm that derives the relative positioning and orientation between two PTZ cameras based on a unified polynomial model. This reduces the dependence on the knowledge of intrinsic parameters of PTZ camera and relative positions. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm presents substantially reduced computational complexity and improved flexibility at the cost of slightly decreased pixel accuracy, as compared with the work of Chen and Wang. This slightly decreased pixel accuracy can be compensated by consistent labeling approaches without added cost for the application of automated surveillance systems along with changing configurations and a larger number of PTZ cameras.

关键词： Surveillance Costs Robot vision systems Smart cameras Computational complexity Intelligent robots Image resolution Polynomials Labeling Simultaneous localization and mapping

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Knowledge-based control of a humanoid robot

Knowledge-based control of a humanoid robot

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2009 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Dongkyu Choi Yeonsik Kang Heonyoung Lim Bum-Jae You Cognitive Systems Laboratory Center for the Study of Language and Information University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Center for Cognitive Robotics Research Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Robust Design Engineering Laboratory Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

Today, there are increased interest and various efforts in using cognitive architectures to control robotic platforms. Recent advances to essential capabilities in robots contributed to this trend, which tries to meet the increased demand for high-level control mechanisms. The tradition of cognitive architectures aims for general intelligence, and they have some great potential for use in robots that are now increasingly more capable of complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce one such architecture, ICARUS, used in a robotic environment to provide knowledge-based control for a humanoid robot, MAHRU. We show some experimental observations in the Blocks World domain.

关键词： Humanoid robots Cognitive robotics Computer architecture Intelligent robots Computational modeling Control systems Robot control USA Councils Humans Cognition

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Climbing gaits of a modular biped climbing robot

Climbing gaits of a modular biped climbing robot

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： Yisheng Guan Li Jiang Xianmin Zhang Hong Zhang Biomimetic and Intelligent Robotics Laboratory (BIRL) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong China Centre for Intelligent Mining Systems (CIMS) Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada

For high-rise work in fields such as agriculture, forestry and architecture, and inspired by the climbing motion of inchworms, chimpanzees, and sloths, we have developed a biped climbing robot - Climbot. Consisting of five 1-DOF joint modules in series and two special grippers at the ends, Climbot is capable of grasping objects and climbing poles, trees and trusses. In this paper, we first introduce this novel robot, and then present three climbing gaits. We perform simulation to illustrate, verify and compare the proposed climbing gaits.

关键词： Climbing robots Medical robotics Prototypes Intelligent robots Agriculture Forestry Service robots Orbital robotics Intelligent vehicles Humans

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Control of muscle force during exercise using a musculoskeletal-exoskeletal integrated human model

Control of muscle force during exercise using a musculoskele...

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作者： Ueda, Jun Matsugashita, Masayuki Oya, Reishi Ogasawara, Tsukasa Robotics Laboratory Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara 630-0192 Japan d'Arbeloff Laboratory for Information Systems and Technology Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540774563

The aim of this paper is to arbitrarily modify the load force of any selected muscle by using an exoskeleton, thus enabling "pinpointed" motion support, rehabilitation, and training. An advanced dynamic model, called a musculoskeletal-exoskeletal integrated human model, is developed. The driving-forces of the pneumatic actuators are designated by a muscle force control algorithm using the integrated model. A prototype power-assisting system has been developed using pneumatic rubber actuators. The validity of the method has been confirmed by measuring surface electromyographic (EMG) signals of related muscles. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Musculoskeletal system

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