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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Claus Lenz Suraj Nair Markus Rickert Alois Knoll Wolgang Rosel Jurgen Gast Alexander Bannat Frank Wallhoff Robotics and Embedded Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany Machine Tools and Industrial Management Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany Human Machine Communication Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany

This paper presents a concept of a smart working environment designed to allow true joint-actions of humans and industrial robots. The proposed system perceives its environment with multiple sensor modalities and acts in it with an industrial robot manipulator to assemble capital goods together with a human worker. In combination with the reactive behavior of the robot, safe collaboration between the human and the robot is possible. Furthermore, the system anticipates human behavior, based on knowledge databases and decision processes, ensuring an effective collaboration between the human and robot. As a proof of concept, we introduce a use case where an arm is assembled and mounted on a robotpsilas body.

关键词： Robots

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Annual business and news:: Beginning the 31st year of the Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics

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JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS 2008年第1期31卷 1-1页

作者： Schmidt, George T. Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) AIAA Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Russian Federation Academy of Navigation and Motion Control Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Missouri-Rolla(UMR) Lockheed Electronics Company Center for Space Research University of Texas Austin United States Wright Laboratory Eglin Air Force Base UMR AIAA Guidance Navigation and Control Technical Committee American Automatic Control Council Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company Palmdale CA United States C4ISR and Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) Programs for Air Vehicle Sciences and Systems Accreditation Board Engineering and Technology Inc./Aeronautical National Technical Committee on Guidance Navigation and Control Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University at Buffalo State University of New York (SUNY) AIAA Technical Committee on GN and C Air Vehicles Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Space Access and Hypersonic Vehicle Guidance and Control Group Control Science Center of Excellence AFRL AIAA Technical Committee on Guidance Navigation and Control Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California (UC) Davis United States Boeing Company Modernized Flight Control System for the Apache Longbow AIAA Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers AHS Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Boeing Company Flight Sciences and Advanced Design Group Guidance Navigation and Control (GN and C) Systems Engineer Distributed Space Systems NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) AIAA GN and C Technical Committee Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Texas Austin United States Institute of Navigation American Astronautical Society AIAA Guidance Navigation (GN and C) and Control Technical Committee Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State University Iowa

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New Distributed Positioning Algorithm Based on Centroid of Circular Belt for Wireless Sensor Networks

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第3期4卷 315-324页

作者： Xu-Zhi Lai Simon X. Yang Gui-Xiu Zeng Jin-Hua She Min Wu School of Information Science ＆ Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083PRC Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory School of EngineeringUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntario NIG 2W1Canada School of Bionics Tokyo University of Technology1404-1 KatakuraHachiojiTokyo 192-0982Japan

This paper presents a new distributed positioning algorithm for unknown nodes in a wireless sensor network. The algorithm is based exclusively on connectivity. First, assuming that the positions of the anchor nodes are already known, a circular belt containing an unknown node is obtained using information about the anchor nodes that are in radio range of the unknown node, based on the geometric relationships and communication constraints among the unknown node and the anchor nodes. Then, the centroid of the circular belt is taken to be the estimated position of the unknown node. Since the algorithm is very simple and since the only communication needed is between the anchor nodes and the unknown node, the communication and computational loads are very small. Furthermore, the algorithm is robust because neither the failure of old unknown nodes nor the addition of new unknown nodes influences the positioning of unknown nodes to be located. A theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the algorithm does not produce any cumulative error and is insensitive to range error, and that a change in the number of sensor nodes does not affect the communication or computational load. These features make this algorithm suitable for all sizes of low-power wireless sensor networks.

关键词： Positioning wireless sensor networks circular belt algorithm performance.

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A general approach to terrain relative navigation for planetary landing

A general approach to terrain relative navigation for planet...

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2007 AIAA InfoTech at Aerospace Conference

作者： Johnson, Andrew E. Ansar, Adnan Matthies, Larry H. Trawny, Nikolas Mourikis, Anastasios I. Roumeliotis, Stergios I. Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 United States University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 United States Mobility and Robotics Systems Section United States AIAA United States Computer Science and Engineering Department

ISBN: (纸本)1563478935

We describe an algorithm for navigation state estimation during planetary descent to enable precision landing. The algorithm automatically produces 2D-to-3D correspondences between descent images and a surface map and 2D-to-2D correspondences through a sequence of descent images. These correspondences are combined with inertial measurements in an extended Kalman filter that estimates lander position, velocity and attitude as well as the time varying biases of the inertial measurements. The filter tightly couples inertial and camera measurements in a resource-adaptive and hence real-time capable fashion. Results from a sounding rocket test, covering the dynamic profile of typical planetary landing scenarios, show estimation errors of magnitude 0.16 m/s in velocity and 6.4 m in position at touchdown. These results vastly improve current state of the art and meet the requirements of future planetary exploration missions.

关键词： Planetary landers

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Locomotion generation of friction board with an inclined slider

Locomotion generation of friction board with an inclined sli...

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46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Suzuki, Yoshihiro Li, Hongyi Furuta, Katsuhisa Department of Computers and Systems Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Japan Canon Inc. Robotics Laboratory Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 114 Nanta St. China 21St Century COE Project Office Tokyo Denki University Hatoyama Hiki Saitama 350-0394 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424414970

There are various ways to generate the locomotion and moving systems. In this research, we design a new moving system without wheels, named friction board system, that realizes locomotion with internal actuated mass mounted on an inclined slider of a board. Directional locomotion can be generated by the motion of the internal mass on the slider and friction between the board and the horizontal ground. By inclining the slider, the friction board system can control the friction force and realize more effective locomotion. First, dynamic equations of the friction board system are derived. Then a feedback controller for locomotion is devised using LQ method. Finally the locomotion generation law of the friction board system is verified experimentally.

关键词： systems analysis

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Stable manipulation mechanisms on soft fingers

Stable manipulation mechanisms on soft fingers

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： Takahiro Inoue Shinichi Hirai Department of Systems Engineering for Sports Computer Science and Systems Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Soja Okayama Japan Laboratory for Integrated Machine Intelligence and Faculty of Department of Robotics Ritsumeikan University Japan

This paper verifies the physical mechanisms of stable grasping and robust manipulation by means of soft-fingered robotic hand. First, we extend our previous one-dimensional fingertip model to a two-dimensional one, adding lateral deformation of the virtual spring placed within the soft fingertip. We mention the physical meaning of LMEE(local minimum of elastic potential energy) and LMEEwC (LMEE with Constraints) on the two-fingered hand. Second, we simulate the behavior of a grasped object by numerically solving static equilibrium relation. Finally, we show that the concept of LMEEwC is critical to the robust manipulation and for reducing the degrees-of-freedom of the robotic hand in the manipulation.

关键词： Fingers

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A two-phased object orientation controller on soft finger operations

A two-phased object orientation controller on soft finger op...

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2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Takahiro Inoue Shinichi Hirai Faculty of Computer of Systems Engineering for Sports Computer Science and Systems Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Soja Okayama Japan Laboratory for Integrated Machine Intelligence and Faculty of Department of Robotics Ritsumeikan University Japan

The greatest characteristic of soft-fingered manipulation is its softness and flexibility during manipulating operations. In previous works, this intrinsic property had been quantitatively explained from the viewpoint of physical and mechanical perspective that the deformation energy induced by large elastic distortion automatically has a minimum equilibrium point. Hence this report first derive equations of motion of two-fingered soft finger robotic hand on the basis of energy- based analysis, and explain that an equilibrium point on a combined energy function exists even in the case of manipulating motions by the hand. In this paper, the equilibrium point is called LMEEwC that is unfolded as local minimum of elastic energy with constraints. Next, we show that the posture control of a rigid object grasped by the minimal degrees-of-freedom hand can easily be achieved by applying a two-phased controller associated with each joint angle of the hand, which is newly proposed in this report. This control scheme is constructed by two parts: a PD controller with respect to the finger angle and an integral controller with respect to the orientation of the grasped object. The characteristics of the control method of the latter part is that the desired joint angle of the hand is produced dynamically by the integral controller with respect to the object orientation. Finally, we clarify the effectiveness of the proposed control method in the case of the soft-fingered manipulation.

关键词： Fingers Equations Force control Motion analysis Grasping systems engineering and theory Linear feedback control systems Force feedback Robot kinematics Intelligent robots

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Passing under obstacles with humanoid robots

Passing under obstacles with humanoid robots

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2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Hiroki Sanada Eiichi Yoshida Kazuhito Yokoi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST AIST/IS-CNRS/ST2I Joint Robotics Laboratory Tsukuba Japan Cooperative Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

A motion planning method that allows humanoid robots to pass under obstacles is developed. From experimental analyses of human motions, we find a new category of the motion: a human turns sideways and passes under an obstacle. In order to realize this kind motion with humanoid robot HRP- 2, statically stable and geometrically possible initial and goal configurations are analyzed. A motion planning method that can connect two configurations with dynamic stability is proposed. It consists of "motion path planner" and "motion timing planner". Motion path planner can generate statically stable motion under considering joint movable range and collision avoidance. Motion timing planner can generate dynamically stable motion under considering ZMP conditions and maximum joint velocities. The effectiveness of the proposed method is experimentally confirmed with humanoid robot HRP-2.

关键词： Humanoid robots Humans Motion analysis Motion planning Timing Collision avoidance Intelligent robots Stability Path planning Navigation

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TRACKING CONTROL IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC FRICTIONAL EFFECTS: ROBOT EXTENSION

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Asian Journal of Control 2008年第3期1卷

作者： M. Feemster D.M. Dawson A. Behal W. Dixon Matthew Feemster received the B.S degree in Electrical Engineering from Clemson University Clemson South Carolina in December 1994. Upon graduation he remained at Clemson University and received the M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1997. During this time he also served as a research/teaching assistant. His research work focused on the design and implementation of various nonlinear control algorithms with emphasis on the induction motor and mechanical systems with friction present. He is currently working toward his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Clemson University. Darren M. Dawson was born in 1962 in Macon Georgia. He received an Associate Degree in Mathematics from Macon Junior College in 1982 and a B.S. Degree in Electrical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1984. He then worked for Westinghouse as a control engineer from 1985 to 1987. In 1987 he returned to the Georgia Institute of Technology where he received the Ph.D. Degree in Electrical Engineering in March 1990. During this time he also served as a research/teaching assistant. In July 1990 he joined the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and the Center for Advanced Manufacturing (CAM) at Clemson University where he currently holds the position of Professor. Under the CAM director's supervision he currently leads the Robotics and Manufacturing Automation Laboratory which is jointly operated by the Electrical and Mechanical Engineering departments. His main research interests are in the fields of nonlinear based robust adaptive and learning control with application to electro-mechanical systems including robot manipulators motor drives magnetic bearings flexible cables flexible beams and high-speed transport systems. Aman Behal was born in India in 1973. He received his Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay in 1996. He is currently working towards a Ph.D in Controls and Robotics at Clemson University. His research focuses on the control of no

In this paper, we extend the observer/control strategies previously published in [25] to an n -link, serially connected, direct drive, rigid link, revolute robot operating in the presence of nonlinear friction effects modeled by the Lu-Gre model. In addition, we also present a new adaptive control technique for compensating for the nonlinear parameterizable Stribeck effects. Specifically, an adaptive observer/controller scheme is developed which contains a feedforward approximation of the Stribeck effects. This feedforward approximation is used in a composite controller/observer strategy which forces the average square integral of the position tracking error to an arbitrarily small value. Experimental results are included to illustrate the performance of the proposed controllers.

关键词： Friction compensation nonlinear control

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F&A compensating variable bang-bang control algorithm for pneumatic driving glass-wall cleaning robot

F&A compensating variable bang-bang control algorithm for pn...

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2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： W. Wang H. X. Zhang W. P. Yu G. H. Zong J. W. Zhang Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing Aeronautics and Astronautics University Beijing China Institute of Technical Aspects of Multimodal Systems Department of Computer Science University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany Cognitive Technology Laboratory Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China

To overcome the overshoot and oscillation in the normal Bang-Bang controller applied in the pneumatic driving glass-wall cleaning robot, this paper presents a F&A compensating variable Bang-Bang control algorithm for the pneumatic position servo. Besides a new cylinder driving plan is designed, the control algorithm is also improved by adding a fiction force compensating item in the chamber force evaluation equation. To adjust the controlling parameters dynamically, certain increasing functions, such as step function, linear function and arc-tangent function, are used to define the piston's expectative acceleration along with the reduction of the piston's position error. To testify the feasibility of the control algorithms with the above three expectative acceleration setting functions respectively, a pneumatic glass-wall cleaning robot "Sky Cleaner 4" is used as a testing platform to implement a series of on-load position servo experiments. And the different results of them are compared.

关键词： Bang-bang control Cleaning Robots Servomechanisms Testing Algorithm design and analysis Force control Equations Acceleration Error correction

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