检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

arXiv 2021年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Sudre, Carole H. Eisenmann, Matthias Rädsch, Tim Baumgartner, Michael Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Bankhead, Peter Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Chen, Jianxu Cheplygina, Veronika Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Engelhardt, Sandy Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hamprecht, Fred Hashimoto, Daniel A. Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Hirsch, Peter Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kavur, A. Emre Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kleppe, Andreas Koehler, Sven Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kooi, Thijs Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moher, David Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Noyan, M. Alican Petersen, Jens Polat, Gorkem Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Rieke, Nicola Riegler, Michael A. Rivaz, Hassan Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Schroeter, Julien Saha, Anindo Selver, M. Alper Sharan, Lalith Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten V.A.N. Stieltjes, Bram Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben V.A.N. Varoquaux, Gaël Wiesenfarth, Manuel Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul Maier-Hein, Lena Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Division of Medical Image Computing Heidelberg Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 - box 2441 Leuven3001 Belgium Frankfurt/Mainz DKFZ UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for St

While the importance of automatic image analysis is continuously increasing, recent meta-research revealed major flaws with respect to algorithm validation. Performance metrics are particularly key for meaningful, objective, and transparent performance assessment and validation of the used automatic algorithms, but relatively little attention has been given to the practical pitfalls when using specific metrics for a given image analysis task. These are typically related to (1) the disregard of inherent metric properties, such as the behaviour in the presence of class imbalance or small target structures, (2) the disregard of inherent data set properties, such as the non-independence of the test cases, and (3) the disregard of the actual biomedical domain interest that the metrics should reflect. This living dynamically document has the purpose to illustrate important limitations of performance metrics commonly applied in the field of image analysis. In this context, it focuses on biomedical image analysis problems that can be phrased as image-level classification, semantic segmentation, instance segmentation, or object detection task. The current version is based on a Delphi process on metrics conducted by an international consortium of image analysis experts from more than 60 institutions worldwide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Unsupervised extraction of phenotypes from cancer clinical notes for association studies

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Stark, Stefan G. Hyland, Stephanie L. Pradier, Melanie F. Lehmann, Kjong-Van Wicki, Andreas Perez-Cruz, Fernando Vogt, Julia E. Rätsch, Gunnar Computational Biology Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York United States Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology and Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York United States Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland Medical Informatics Group University Hospital Zürich Zürich Switzerland Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics Zurich Switzerland Department of Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland Department of Signal Processing and Information Theory University Carlos III in Madrid Leganés Spain School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland Tumorzentrum University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland Swiss Data Science Center ETH Zürich and EPFL Lausanne Switzerland Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Basel Basel Switzerland

The recent adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by healthcare providers has introduced an important source of data that provides detailed and highly specific insights into patient phenotypes over large cohorts. These datasets, in combination with machine learning and statistical approaches, generate new opportunities for research and clinical care. However, many methods require the patient representations to be in structured formats, while the information in the EHR is often locked in unstructured text designed for human readability. In this work, we develop the methodology to automatically extract clinical features from clinical narratives from large EHR corpora without the need for prior knowledge. We consider medical terms and sentences appearing in clinical narratives as atomic information units. We propose an efficient clustering strategy suitable for the analysis of large text corpora and utilize the clusters to represent information about the patient compactly. Additionally, we define the sentences on ontologic and natural language vocabularies to automatically detect pertinent combinations of concepts present in the corpus, even when an ontology is not available. To demonstrate the utility of our approach, we perform an association study of clinical features with somatic mutation profiles from 4,007 cancer patients and their tumors. We apply the proposed algorithm to a dataset consisting of .65 thousand documents with a total of .3.2 million sentences. After correcting for cancer type and other confounding factors, we identify a total of 340 significant statistical associations between the presence of somatic mutations and clinical features. We annotated these associations according to their novelty and we report several known associations. We also propose 37 plausible, testable hypothesis for associations where the underlying biological mechanism does not appear to be known. These results illustrate that the automated discovery of clinical features

关键词： Diseases

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Comments on "Design of fractional-order variants of complex LMS and NLMS algorithms for adaptive channel equalization"

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Khan, Shujaat Wahab, Abdul Naseem, Imran Moinuddin, Muhammad Bio-imaging and Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon Yuseong-gu34141 Korea Republic of Department of Mathematics University of Education Attock Campus43600 Pakistan School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway CrawleyWA6009 Australia College of Engineering Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology Korangi Creek Karachi75190 Pakistan King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this note is to highlight some critical flaws in recently proposed fractional-order variants of complex least mean square (CLMS) and normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithms in "Design of Fractional-order Variants of Complex LMS and Normalized LMS Algorithms for Adaptive Channel Equalization" [Non-linear Dyn. 88(2), 839-858 (2017)]. It is substantiated that these algorithms do not always converge whereas they have no advantage over the CLMS and NLMS algorithms whenever they converge. Our claims are based on analytical reasoning supported by simulations. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Equalizers

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An empirical model for educational simulation of cervical dilation in first-stage labor

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Advances in Simulation 2018年第1期3卷 9页

作者： Gefferie, Silvano R. Scholten, Anouk W. J. Wijlens, Kim A. E. Ferreira Bastos, M. Luísa van der Hout-van der Jagt, M. Beatrijs Zwart, Hans van Meurs, Willem J. Technical Medicine University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB Netherlands Animals in Science Eurogroup for Animals Hertogstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium Department of Signal Processing Systems Faculty of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 Eindhoven 5600 MB Netherlands Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB Netherlands Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology Group Faculty of Science and Technology University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB Netherlands

Background: Several models for educational simulation of labor and delivery were published in the literature and incorporated into a commercially available training simulator (CAE Healthcare Lucina). However, the engine of this simulator does not include a model for the clinically relevant indicators: uterine contraction amplitude and frequency, and cervical dilation. In this paper, such a model is presented for the primigravida in normal labor. Methods: The conceptual and mathematical models represent oxytocin release by the hypothalamus, oxytocin pharmacokinetics, and oxytocin effect on uterine contractions, cervical dilation, and (positive) feedback from cervical dilation to oxytocin release by the hypothalamus. Results: Simulation results for cervical dilation are presented, together with target data for a normal primigravida. Corresponding oxytocin concentrations and amplitude and frequency of uterine contractions are also presented. Conclusion: An original empirical model for educational simulation of oxytocin concentration, uterine contractions, and cervical dilation in first-stage labor is presented. Simulation results for cervical dilation match target data for a normal patient. The model forms a basis for taking into account more independent variables and patient profiles and can thereby considerably expand the range of training scenarios that can be simulated. © 2018, The Author(s).

关键词： Cervical dilation Educational simulation First stage labor Model Oxytocin Uterine contractions

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Fundamental Physics Opportunities with the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ayzenberg, Dimitry Blackburn, Lindy Brito, Richard Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Carballo-Rubio, Raúl Cardoso, Vitor Chael, Andrew Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Yifan Cunha, Pedro V.P. Davoudiasl, Hooman Denton, Peter B. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eichhorn, Astrid Eubanks, Marshall Fang, Yun Foschi, Arianna Fromm, Christian M. Galison, Peter Ghosh, Sushant G. Gold, Roman Gurvits, Leonid I. Hadar, Shahar Held, Aaron Houston, Janice Hu, Yichao Johnson, Michael D. Kocherlakota, Prashant Natarajan, Priyamvada Olivares, Héctor Palumbo, Daniel Pesce, Dominic W. Rajendran, Surjeet Roy, Rittick Saurabh Shao, Lijing Tahura, Shammi Tamar, Aditya Tiede, Paul Vincent, Frédéric H. Visinelli, Luca Wang, Zhiren Wielgus, Maciek Xue, Xiao Yakut, Kadri Yang, Huan Younsi, Ziri Theoretical Astrophysics Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen TübingenD-72076 Germany Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States CENTRA Departamento de Física Instituto Superior Técnico – IST Universidade de Lisboa – UL Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 Lisboa1049-001 Portugal Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Florida Space Institute University of Central Florida 12354 Research Parkway Partnership 1 OrlandoFL32826 United States Niels Bohr International Academy Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 Copenhagen2100 Denmark Princeton Gravity Initiative Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Campus de Santiago Aveiro3810-183 Portugal High Energy Theory Group Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Asteroid Initiatives LLC United States Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics WaterlooONN2L2Y5 Canada Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Strasse 31 Würzburg97074 Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe Universität Frankfurt Max-von

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration recently published the first images of the supermassive black holes in the cores of the Messier 87 and Milky Way galaxies. These observations have provided a new means to study supermassive black holes and probe physical processes occurring in the strong-field regime. We review the prospects of future observations and theoretical studies of supermassive black hole systems with the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT), which will greatly enhance the capabilities of the existing EHT array. These enhancements will open up several previously inaccessible avenues of investigation, thereby providing important new insights into the properties of supermassive black holes and their environments. This review describes the current state of knowledge for five key science cases, summarising the unique challenges and opportunities for fundamental physics investigations that the ngEHT will enable. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Telescopes

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Semi-automated extraction of retinal blood vessel network with Bifurcation and crossover points 12th

Semi-automated extraction of retinal blood vessel network wi...

引用

12th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2016

作者： Nougrara, Z. Kihal, N. Meunier, J. Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Department of Mathematics University of Sciences and Technology of Oran Oran Algeria Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Electronics and Computer Science Faculty USTHB Algiers Algeria Department of Computer Science and Operations Research University of Montreal Montreal Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783319508313

Among different retinal analysis tasks, blood vessel extraction plays an important role as it is often the first essential step before any measurement can be made for various applications such as biometric authentication or diagnosis of retinal vascular diseases. In this paper, we present a new method for extraction of blood vessel network with its nodes (bifurcation and crossover points) from retinal images. The first step is to identify pixels with homogeneous vessel elements with a set of four directional filters. Then another step is applied to extract local linear components assuming that a vessel is a set of short linear segments. Through an optimization process this information is combined to extract the vessel network and its nodes. The proposed algorithm was tested on the publicly available DRIVE retinal fundus image database. The experimental results show good precision, recal. The proposed algorithm was tested on the publicly available DRIVE retinal fundus image database. The experimental results show good precision, recall and F-measure compared to ground truth and a state-of-the-art algorithm for the same dataset. © Springer International Publishing AG 2016.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Guest Editorial Biological Applications of Information Theory in Honor of Claude Shannon's Centennial-Part 1

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IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications 2016年第1期2卷 1-4页

作者： Dimitrov, Alexander G. Fekri, Faramarz Lazar, Aurel A. Moser, Stefan M. Thomas, Peter J. Department of Mathematics and Statistics Washington State University Vancouver VancouverWA98686-9600 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Signal and Information Processing Laboratory Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zurich Zürich8092 Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of Mathematics Applied Mathematics and Statistics Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH44106 United States

Claude Shannon, born on April 30, 1916, pioneered the mathematical theory of communication in his 1948 paper in the Bell System Technical Journal. Information theory has since provided the foundation for the digital revolution in communications technology. In addition, it has provided a powerful framework for investigating the fundamental limitations of naturally occurring communications, particularly in biological systems. This two-part special issue of the IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological, and Multi-Scale Communications honors Shannon's centennial by highlighting recent progress in biological and bio-inspired information theory. Part I includes papers on applications of multivariate mutual information to data clustering, statistical thermodynamics of nonequilibrium chemical processes, information processing in neuronal systems, biochemical signal transduction systems, DNA sequencing, and the swarming of insects. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Information theory

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A primal-dual method for optimal control and trajectory generation in high-dimensional systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Kirchner, Matthew R. Hewer, Gary Darbon, Jérôme Osher, Stanley Image and Signal Processing Branch Research Directorate Code 4F0000D Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division China LakeCA93555 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Mathematics University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

Presented is a method for efficient computation of the Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equation for time-optimal control problems using the generalized Hopf formula. Typically, numerical methods to solve the HJ equation rely on a discrete grid of the solution space and exhibit exponential scaling with dimension. The generalized Hopf formula avoids the use of grids and numerical gradients by formulating an unconstrained convex optimization problem. The solution at each point is completely independent, and allows a massively parallel implementation if solutions at multiple points are desired. This work presents a primal-dual method for efficient numeric solution and presents how the resulting optimal trajectory can be generated directly from the solution of the Hopf formula, without further optimization. Examples presented have execution times on the order of milliseconds and experiments show computation scales approximately polynomial in dimension with very small high-order coefficients. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

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A hierarchical image matting model for blood vessel segmentation in fundus images

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Fan, Zhun Lu, Jiewei Li, Wenji Wei, Caimin Huang, Han Cai, Xinye Chen, Xinjian Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing College of Engineering Shantou University Shan'tou515063 China Department of Mathematics Shantou University Shan'tou515063 China School of Software Engineering South China University of Technology Guang'zhou510006 China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jiang'su210016 China Medical Image Processing and Analysis Lab School of Electronics and Information Engineering Soochow University Su'zhou215006 China

In this paper, a hierarchical image matting model is proposed to extract blood vessels from fundus images. More specifically, a hierarchical strategy utilizing the continuity and extendibility of retinal blood vessels is integrated into the image matting model for blood vessel segmentation. Normally the matting models require the user specified trimap, which separates the input image into three regions manually: the foreground, background and unknown regions. However, since creating a user specified trimap is a tedious and time-consuming task, region features of blood vessels are used to generate the trimap automatically in this paper. The proposed model has low computational complexity and outperforms many other state-of-art supervised and unsupervised methods in terms of accuracy, which achieves a vessel segmentation accuracy of 96.0%, 95.7% and 95.1% in an average time of 10.72s, 15.74s and 50.71s on images from three publicly available fundus image datasets DRIVE, STARE, and CHASE_DB1, respectively. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Corrigendum to "syndetically proximal Pairs" [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 379 (2011) 656-663]

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Li, Jian Moothathu, T.K. Subrahmonian Oprocha, Piotr Department of Mathematics Shantou University Shantou Guangdong515063 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing Techniques Shantou University Shantou Guangdong515063 China School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Hyderabad Hyderabad500 046 India AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Applied Mathematics AL. Mickiewicza 30 KrakÃ³ W30-059 Poland National Supercomputing Centre IT4 Innovations Division of the University of Ostrava Institute for Research and Applications of Fuzzy Modeling 30. Dubna 22 Ostrava70103 Czech Republic

We give a counterexample to Theorem 9 in "Syndetically proximal pairs"[J. Math. Anal. Appl. 379 (2011) 656-663]. We also provide sufficient conditions for the conclusion of Theorem 9 to hold. Copyright ©... 详细信息

关键词： Optimization

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