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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Hekai Yao Xuetao Zhang Gang Sun Yisha Liu Xuebo Zhang Yan Zhuang Intelligent Robotic Laboratory School of Artificial Intelligence School of Control Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China School of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian China College of Artificial Intelligence The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System (IRAIS) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics Nankai University Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

This paper proposes a mapping uncertainty-aware point-wise Lidar Inertial Odometry (LIO), which synthesizes the point-wise point-to-plane match and map refreshment into a probabilistic model. As a result, it can address the issue of mismatching during point registration and remove in-frame motion distortion of Lidar sensors. Specifically, the uncertainty-aware map is designed to embody the uncertainty of map geometric features (points and planes), which comes from the Lidar point measurement and pose estimation. Then the map can be modeled in a probabilistic form. In addition, the proposed framework refreshes map at each Lidar point measurement to timely revise geometric features and provide non-delayed map. On the basis, the probabilistic point-to-plane match method is designed to seek a corresponding plane for each Lidar point in point registration, which can enhance the effectiveness of match and provide adaptive observation noises for more accurate state estimation. Comparative experiments on various public datasets are conducted to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed framework in terms of higher accuracy and better robustness.

关键词： Laser radar Accuracy Uncertainty Probabilistic logic Distortion Robustness Sensors Odometry Distortion measurement State estimation

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Visual Tracking Nonlinear Model Predictive control Method for Autonomous Wind Turbine Inspection

Visual Tracking Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Method fo...

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International Conference on Advanced robotics (ICAR)

作者： Abdelhakim Amer Mohit Mehndiratta Jonas le Fevre Sejersen Huy Xuan Pham Erdal Kayacan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Artificial Intelligence in Robotics Laboratory (AiR Lab) Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark GIM Robotics Espoo Finland Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Automatic Control Group Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

Automated visual inspection of on- and off-shorewind turbines using aerial robots provides several benefits, namely, a safe working environment by circumventing the need for workers to be suspended high above the ground, reduced inspection time, preventive maintenance, and access to hard-to-reach areas. A novel nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) framework alongside a global wind turbine path planner is proposed to achieve distance-optimal coverage for wind turbine inspection. Unlike traditional MPC formulations, visual tracking NMPC (VT-NMPC) is designed to track an inspection surface, instead of a position and heading trajectory, thereby circumventing the need to provide an accurate predefined trajectory for the drone. An additional capability of the proposed VT-NMPC method is that by incorporating inspection requirements as visual tracking costs to minimize, it naturally achieves the inspection task successfully while respecting the physical constraints of the drone. Multiple simulation runs and real-world tests demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed automated inspection framework, which outperforms the traditional MPC designs, by providing full coverage of the target wind turbine blades as well as its robustness to changing wind conditions. The implementation codes 1 1 https://***/open-airlab/VTNMPC-Autonomous-Wind-Turbine-Inspection are open-sourced.

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High-Speed Trajectory Tracking control for Quadrotors via Deep Reinforcement Learning

High-Speed Trajectory Tracking Control for Quadrotors via De...

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Youth Academic Annual Conference of Chinese Association of Automation (YAC)

作者： Hean Hua Hang Zhong Hui Zhang Yongchun Fang Yaonan Wang College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha China National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Changsha China School of Robotics Hunan University Changsha China Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics Nankai University Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350379228

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390780

This paper presents a learning-based high-speed trajectory tracking control strategy for quadrotors, which achieves efficient learning and strong reliability by the collaboration of deep reinforcement learning (RL) and self-tuning mechanism. Different from existing methods, the proposed strategy is designed to explore optimal control performance by taking advantage of model-based self-tuning mechanism and deep reinforcement learning. Specifically, the self-tuning guided deep RL scheme is put forward for quadrotors, with superior learning efficiency and strong adaptability. Firstly, a novel self-tuning mechanism is constructed and some auxiliary variables are introduced to enhance the tracking performance. Then, based on the model-driven self-tuning design, the deep RL is proposed to achieve model-guided learning, where the tuning actions are adopted in the evaluation process during training, aiming at removing the bad explorations by the carefully designed parallel evaluation. Finally, the convergence is analyzed based on the proposed learning framework, which indicates the efficient cooperation of exploration and self-tuning mechanism. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller, the guided training and hardware experiments are implemented to show efficient cooperation and satisfactory high-speed trajectory tracking control of the proposed method.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Trajectory tracking Heuristic algorithms Optimal control Deep reinforcement learning Hardware

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Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a UAV autonomous landing algorithm implemented in SoC FPGA

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Szolc, Hubert Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

This paper presents a system for hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulation of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control algorithms implemented on a heterogeneous SoC FPGA computing platforms. The AirSim simulator running on a PC and an Arty Z7 development board with a Zynq SoC chip from AMD Xilinx were used. Communication was carried out via a serial USB link. An application for autonomous landing on a specially marked landing strip was selected as a case study. A landing site detection algorithm was implemented on the Zynq SoC platform. This allowed processing a 1280 × 720 @ 60 fps video stream in real time. Performed tests showed that the system works correctly and there are no delays that could negatively affect the stability of the control. The proposed concept is characterised by relative simplicity and low implementation cost. At the same time, it can be applied to test various types of high-level perception and control algorithms for UAV implemented on embedded platforms. We provide the code developed on GitHub, which includes both Python scripts running on the PC and C code running on Arty Z7. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Energy Efficient Hardware Acceleration of Neural Networks with Power-of-Two Quantisation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Przewlocka-Rus, Dominika Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

Deep neural networks virtually dominate the domain of most modern vision systems, providing high performance at a cost of increased computational complexity. Since for those systems it is often required to operate both in real-time and with minimal energy consumption (e.g., for wearable devices or autonomous vehicles, edge Internet of Things (IoT), sensor networks), various network optimisation techniques are used, e.g., quantisation, pruning, or dedicated lightweight architectures. Due to the logarithmic distribution of weights in neural network layers, a method providing high performance with significant reduction in computational precision (for 4-bit weights and less) is the Power-of-Two (PoT) quantisation (and therefore also with a logarithmic distribution). This method introduces additional possibilities of replacing the typical for neural networks Multiply and ACcumulate (MAC – performing, e.g., convolution operations) units, with more energy-efficient Bitshift and ACcumulate (BAC). In this paper, we show that a hardware neural network accelerator with PoT weights implemented on the Zynq UltraScale + MPSoC ZCU104 SoC FPGA can be at least 1.4x more energy efficient than the uniform quantisation version. To further reduce the actual power requirement by omitting part of the computation for zero weights, we also propose a new pruning method adapted to logarithmic quantisation. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Energy Efficient Hardware Acceleration of Neural Networks with Power-of-Two Quantisation

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

关键词： System-on-chip

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Towards real-time and energy efficient Siamese tracking - a hardware-software approach

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

Siamese trackers have been among the state-of-the-art solutions in each Visual Object Tracking (VOT) challenge over the past few years. However, with great accuracy comes great computational complexity: to achieve real-time processing, these trackers have to be massively parallelised and are usually run on high-end GPUs. Easy to implement, this approach is energy consuming, and thus cannot be used in many low-power applications. To overcome this, one can use energy-efficient embedded devices, such as heterogeneous platforms joining the ARM processor system with programmable logic (FPGA). In this work, we propose a hardware-software implementation of the well-known fully connected Siamese tracker (SiamFC). We have developed a quantised Siamese network for the FINN accelerator, using algorithm-accelerator co-design, and performed design space exploration to achieve the best efficiency-to-energy ratio (determined by FPS and used resources). For our network, running in the programmable logic part of the Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC ZCU104, we achieved the processing of almost 50 frames-per-second with tracker accuracy on par with its floating point counterpart, as well as the original SiamFC network. The complete tracking system, implemented in ARM with the network accelerated on FPGA, achieves up to 17 fps. These results bring us towards bridging the gap between the highly accurate but energy-demanding algorithms and energy-efficient solutions ready to be used in low-power, edge systems. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Towards real-time and energy efficient Siamese tracking - a hardware-software approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Playing cards and bidding calls detection for automatic registration of a duplicate bridge game

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Wzorek, Piotr Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

In this work, the implementation of a playing cards and bidding calls detection system for the automatic registration of a duplicate bridge game is presented. For this purpose, two YOLOv4 deep convolutional neural networks were used. During the training process, which was carried out using an automatically generated dataset, we obtained a detector characterised by more than 99.9% accuracy on the test set. The prepared system has been evaluated on videos collected during bridge competitions and is characterised by high accuracy. The application has been implemented and evaluated on a CPU and an embedded GPU. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Robot-CT Scanning Oriented Synchronous Trajectory Planning of a Dual-Manipulator System

Robot-CT Scanning Oriented Synchronous Trajectory Planning o...

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Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Shuaikang Zhang Mingxing Yuan Xuebo Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin P. R. China Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things & Networked Control Ministry of Education Chongqing P. R. China

At present, most CT scanning systems adopt the traditional horizontal O-frame, suspension or C-arm structures, which can not balance the flexibility and functionality. With the development of robot technology, CT scanning systems based on manipulators have gradually emerged. However, limited by the motion accuracy of the manipulator, most researchers sacrifice the flexibility or increase the mass to improve the accuracy. To overcome this limitation, a new master-slave teaching-based scanning method is proposed to improve the scanning accuracy of the dual-manipulator Robot-CT system with the auxiliary function of rigid links. First, a rigid link is employed to connect the end effectors of the two manipulators. Next, the sampled trajectory of each joint of the slave-manipulator is recorded while the master-manipulator pulls the slave-manipulator to perform a circular motion. Finally, when carrying out the scanning, the dual-manilupator system reproduces the recorded joint trajectory without the rigid element, thereby improving the accuracy of the dual-manipulator CT scanning system to achieve a high-accuracy spatiotemporal synchronization and alignment of pose. To this end, a fifth-order spline interpolation is used to interpolate the sampled trajectory of each joint of the slave-manipulator, which allows it to perfectly reproduce the joint trajectory recorded during the teaching process and ensures the smoothness of the angular velocity and acceleration curves. Simulations are investigated and the corresponding results confirm the effectiveness of the trajectory planning method of the slave-manipulator.

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