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Model predictive control for autonomous ground vehicles:a review

Autonomous Intelligent systems 2021年第1期1卷 32-48页

作者： Shuyou Yu Matthias Hirche Yanjun Huang Hong Chen Frank Allgöwer State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Department of Control Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchunChina Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 9Stuttgart 70569Germany Institute of Intelligent Vehicles Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

This paper reviews model predictive control(MPC)and its wide applications to both single and multiple autonomous ground vehicles(AGVs).On one hand,MPC is a well-established optimal control method,which uses the predicted future information to optimize the control actions while explicitly considering *** the other hand,AGVs are able to make forecasts and adapt their decisions in uncertain ***,because of the nature of MPC and the requirements of AGVs,it is intuitive to apply MPC algorithms to *** are interesting not only for considering them alone,which requires centralized control approaches,but also as groups of AGVs that interact and communicate with each other and have their own controller *** calls for distributed control ***,a short introduction into the basic theoretical background of centralized and distributed MPC is ***,it comprehensively reviews MPC applications for both single and multiple ***,the paper highlights existing issues and future research directions,which will promote the development of MPC schemes with high performance in AGVs.

关键词： Model predictive control Autonomous intelligent system Autonomous ground vehicle

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Optimisation of a Siamese Neural Network for Real-Time Energy Efficient Object Tracking 1

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International Conference on computer Vision and Graphics, ICCVG 2020

作者： Przewlocka, Dominika Wasala, Mateusz Szolc, Hubert Blachut, Krzysztof Kryjak, Tomasz Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

ISBN: (数字)9783030590062

ISBN: (纸本)9783030590055

In this paper the research on optimisation of visual object tracking using a Siamese neural network for embedded vision systems is presented. It was assumed that the solution shall operate in real-time, preferably for a high resolution video stream, with the lowest possible energy consumption. To meet these requirements, techniques such as the reduction of computational precision and pruning were considered. Brevitas, a tool dedicated for optimisation and quantisation of neural networks for FPGA implementation, was used. A number of training scenarios were tested with varying levels of optimisations – from integer uniform quantisation with 16 bits to ternary and binary networks. Next, the influence of these optimisations on the tracking performance was evaluated. It was possible to reduce the size of the convolutional filters up to 10 times in relation to the original network. The obtained results indicate that using quantisation can significantly reduce the memory and computational complexity of the proposed network while still enabling precise tracking, thus allow to use it in embedded vision systems. Moreover, quantisation of weights positively affects the network training by decreasing overfitting. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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A Reinforcement Learning Based Dynamic Multi-Objective Constrained Evolutionary Algorithm for Open-Pit Mine Truck Scheduling

A Reinforcement Learning Based Dynamic Multi-Objective Const...

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2023 China Automation Congress, CAC 2023

作者： Qiu, Junxiang Li, Changhe Yang, Shengxiang School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo- Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303759

Aiming at the truck scheduling problem in the open-pit mine scenario, a truck scheduling model based on real-time ore blending is established, and an adaptive evolution algorithm for truck scheduling based on DCNSGA-III is proposed. In the established scheduling model, the real-time grade variance of the crushing plant is minimized as one of the optimization objectives, and the Q-learning algorithm is introduced to adaptively select one of the most effective operators during the search process. Experiments show that the proposed method can effectively control the grade fluctuation of the ore flow and better scheduling schemes are obtained in comparison with algorithms equipped with the traditional search operator selection methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms

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Distributed Active Disturbance Rejection control of Multiple Mobile Robots for Online Workload Partition

Distributed Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Multiple...

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2023 China Automation Congress, CAC 2023

作者： Li, Xin Zhai, Chao Zhang, Hehong China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan Campus Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan China School of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303759

Considering the actual multi-agent coverage process, the motion trajectories are seriously affected by disturbances and noise. In this paper, a cooperative control method based on active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) for multiple mecanum-wheeled robots (MWMR) is proposed to improve its robustness. In particular, to suppress the total disturbances during the running of each robot and reduce large computation and observation cost of high order ADRC, a reduced-order cascaded ADRC (RC-ADRC) is proposed. Moreover, distributed controller is proposed to track the expected trajectories of multiple mecanum-wheeled robots under disturbances. Compared with the proposed RC-ADRC based cooperative control scheme and PID based cooperative control one, the favorable motion trajectory tracking performance is obtained. Simulation results verify the superiority of the method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： controllers

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Biological Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposition Based on Selected Cell Death Markers

Biological Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field ...

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ELEKTRO

作者： Robert Cichorowski Olga Kocikowska Marek Bajtoš Roman Radil Ladislav Janoušek Daria Gendosz De Carrillo Sebastian Student Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology liwice Poland Department of Engineering and Systems Biology Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Gliwice Poland Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Sciences Silesian University of Medicine Katowice Poland Department of Electromagnetic and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informational Technology Žilina Slovakia Department of Histology Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze Silesian University of Medicine Zabrze Poland Biotechnology Center Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (数字)9798350372359

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372366

This work presents the results of the examination of the HeLa cell line exposure on the ELF-EMF (extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field). In particular, the relationship between ELF-EMF exposition time and cell death. The examination of cell death hallmarks were examined by estimation levels of selected proteins - FACL4 (a protein that is a part of the ferroptosis pathway) and CK18 (Cytokeratin related to necrosis and apoptosis pathways) in the proposed model of workers exposed to ELF-EMF week.

关键词： Proteins Biological system modeling Estimation Electromagnetic fields

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Data-Driven Human-Robot Interaction Without Velocity Measurement Using Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of automatica Sinica 2022年第1期9卷 47-63页

作者： Yongliang Yang Zihao Ding Rui Wang Hamidreza Modares Donald C.Wunsch Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes Ministry of Education School of Automation&Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Automation Beijng Institute TechnologyBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Mechanical Engineering Department Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824 USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science&TechnologyRollaMO 65401 USA

In this paper,we present a novel data-driven design method for the human-robot interaction(HRI)system,where a given task is achieved by cooperation between the human and the *** presented HRI controller design is a two-level control design approach consisting of a task-oriented performance optimization design and a plant-oriented impedance controller *** task-oriented design minimizes the human effort and guarantees the perfect task tracking in the outer-loop,while the plant-oriented achieves the desired impedance from the human to the robot manipulator end-effector in the ***-driven reinforcement learning techniques are used for performance optimization in the outer-loop to assign the optimal impedance *** the inner-loop,a velocity-free filter is designed to avoid the requirement of end-effector velocity *** this basis,an adaptive controller is designed to achieve the desired impedance of the robot manipulator in the task *** simulation and experiment of a robot manipulator are conducted to verify the efficacy of the presented HRI design framework.

关键词： Adaptive impedance control data-driven method human-robot interaction(HRI) reinforcement learning velocity-free

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Improving Motor Imagery Classification in BCI systems Using EMD and Multi-Layer CNNs

Improving Motor Imagery Classification in BCI Systems Using ...

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International eConference on computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE)

作者： Reza Arghand Ali Chaibakhsh Moein Radman Intelligent Systems and Advanced Control Lab Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Guilan Rasht Guilan Iran Brain-Computer Interfacing and Neural Engineering Laboratory University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Colchester United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9798331511272

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511289

Brain-computer Interface (BCI) systems are relatively new technologies that could play a significant role in aiding the recovery of impaired activities resulting from neuromuscular disabilities in affected individuals. Accurate recognition and classification of motor imagery in BCI systems present a challenge, leading to extensive research in recent years aimed at improving the accuracy of these systems. In this study, a combination of the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method and a multi-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is employed. Initially, the signal is decomposed into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) using EMD, and all IMFs across all trials are analyzed to select the best ones, which are then fed into the CNN as inputs. Additionally, the study incorporates the fusion of three CNN networks, each corresponding to a different IMF. The features extracted from these networks are combined and used to train an SVM classifier. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 86.1% on the BCI-2a 2008 dataset, outperforming other state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： Support vector machines Knowledge engineering Accuracy Image recognition Empirical mode decomposition Neuromuscular Motors Feature extraction Brain-computer interfaces Convolutional neural networks

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A Vision Based Hardware-Software Real-Time control System for the Autonomous Landing of an UAV 1

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International Conference on computer Vision and Graphics, ICCVG 2020

作者： Blachut, Krzysztof Szolc, Hubert Wasala, Mateusz Kryjak, Tomasz Gorgon, Marek Embedded Vision Systems Group Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow Poland

ISBN: (数字)9783030590062

ISBN: (纸本)9783030590055

In this paper we present a vision based hardware-software control system enabling the autonomous landing of a multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). It allows for the detection of a marked landing pad in real-time for a 1280 720 @ 60 fps video stream. In addition, a LiDAR sensor is used to measure the altitude above ground. A heterogeneous Zynq SoC device is used as the computing platform. The solution was tested on a number of sequences and the landing pad was detected with 96% accuracy. This research shows that a reprogrammable heterogeneous computing system is a good solution for UAVs because it enables real-time data stream processing with relatively low energy consumption. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Two-Stage Representation Refinement Based on Convex Combination for 3-D Human Poses Estimation

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第12期5卷 6500-6508页

作者： Chen, Luefeng Cao, Wei Zheng, Biao Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Macau University of Science and Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Taipa999078 China Istinye University Research Center of Performance and Productivity Analysis Istanbul34010 Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226-8502 Japan

In the human pose estimation task, on the one hand, 3-D pose always has difficulty in dividing different 2-D poses if the view is limited;on the other hand, it is hard to reduce the lifting ambiguity because of the lack of depth information, it is an important and challenging problem. Therefore, two-stage representation refinement based on the convex combination for 3-D human pose estimation is proposed, in which the two-stage method includes a dense-spatial-temporal convolutional network and a local-to-refine network. The former is applied to determine the features between each video frame;the latter is used to get the different scales of pose details. It aims to address the difficulty of estimating 3-D human pose from 2-D image sequences. In such a way, it can better use the relations between every frame in the sequence of the pose video to produce more accurate results. Finally, we combine the above network with a block called convex combination to help refine the 3-D pose location. We test the proposed approach on both Human3.6m and MPII datasets. The result confirms that our method can achieve better performance than improved CNN supervision, a simple yet effective baseline, and coarse-to-fine volumetric prediction. Besides, a robustness test experiment is carried out for the proposed method while the input is interrupted. The result verifies that our method shows better robustness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Effect of Ignition Voltage Amplitude on Breakdown Delay Time of Ring Laser Discharge Gap

Effect of Ignition Voltage Amplitude on Breakdown Delay Time...

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International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering (REEPE)

作者： Anton O. Sinelnikov Ilya A. Smetanin Bogdan A. Basov Egor A. Smetanin Uliana F. Bykanova Computer science and control systems department Laboratory of Technologies of Polymer Ferroelectrics Laboratory of Microelectronics and Nanotechnology Mechanical engineering technologies department Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow Russian Federation Department of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering Department of Mechanics and Control Processes RUDN University Moscow Russian Federation

ISBN: (数字)9798331531836

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531843

The modern space industry requires autonomous and high-precision control systems for scientific and commercial missions. Strapdown inertial navigation systems based on laser gyroscopes play a key role in spacecraft control, especially in environments where satellite navigation is unavailable. In this paper, ring lasers with an active medium made of a helium-neon mixture, their design and operating modes are investigated. The influence of voltage on the ignition electrodes (4.2-5 kV) on the breakdown time of the active medium has been analyzed. It was found that increasing the voltage reduces the breakdown time, providing reliable activation of gyroscopes. The experimental results allowed to determine the optimal ignition parameters that increase operation reliability and reduce production losses. This contributes to the development of highly efficient spacecraft control systems, opening up new prospects for deep space exploration and control of satellite systems.

关键词： Space vehicles Breakdown voltage Electric breakdown Power lasers Ignition Ring lasers Laser modes control systems Gyroscopes Reliability

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