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2023 Seminar on Signal Processing, SoSP 2023

作者： The, Quan Trong Huy, Nguyen Ba Anh, Pham Tuan Ha Noi University of Science and Technology Falculty of Information Technology Ha Noi Viet Nam University ITMO Falculty of Control Systems and Robotics Saint-Petersburg Russia University ITMO Falculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems Saint-Petersburg Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371086

Noise suppression and understanding speech in a complex environment with the presence of numerous and dominant surrounding noise is very difficult for humans. To deal with this problem, microphone array, which exploit a priori information of designed geometry of microphone array, the direction of arrival (DOA) of interest signal or the properties of recorded situation, is used with aiming at preserving the desired speaker without speech distortion while reducing background noise. Generalized Sidelobe Canceller (GSC) beamformer has been installed in almost all acoustic equipment, hearing aids, mobile phones. Unfortunately, the performance of GSC beamformer is often corrupted in many scenarios, such as imprecise DOA, microphone mismatches or different microphone sensitivities. In this paper, a spectral mask - based suggested algorithm to reduce the speech leakage in the reference signal of GSC beamformer. The proposed method is evaluated for increasing the speech quality of dual - microphone systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Sustainable Mining in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 1-4页

作者： Long Chen Yuting Xie Yutong Wang Shirong Ge Fei-Yue Wang IEEE the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems at the Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China the National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition at the Institute of Automation and Waytous Ltd.China the School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina the School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering China University of Mining and Technology BeijingBejing 100083China the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The mining sector historically drove the global economy but at the expense of severe environmental and health repercussions,posing sustainability challenges[1]-[3].Recent advancements on artificial intelligence(AI)are revolutionizing mining through robotic and data-driven innovations[4]-[7].While AI offers mining industry advantages,it is crucial to acknowledge the potential risks associated with its widespread ***-reliance on AI may lead to a loss of human control over mining operations in the future,resulting in unpredictable consequences.

关键词： Sustainable mining consequences

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WIP: An Engaging Undergraduate Intro to Model Checking in software engineering Using TLA+

WIP: An Engaging Undergraduate Intro to Model Checking in So...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Konstantin Läufer Gunda Mertin George K. Thiruvathukal Department of Computer Science Software and Systems Laboratory Loyola University Chicago Institute for Software Engineering and Programming Languages University of Lübeck

ISBN: (数字)9798350351507

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363067

Background: In this Innovative Practice Work in Progress, we present our initial efforts to integrate formal methods, with a focus on model-checking specifications written in Temporal Logic of Actions $(\text{TLA}^{+})$ , into computer science education, targeting undergraduate juniors/seniors and graduate students. Many safety-critical systems and services crucially depend on correct and reliable behavior. Formal methods can play a key role in ensuring correct and safe system behavior, yet remain underutilized in educational and industry contexts. Aims: We aim to (1) qualitatively assess the state of formal methods in computer science programs, (2) construct level-appropriate examples that could be included midway into one's undergraduate studies, (3) demonstrate how to address successive “failuresy” through progressively stringent safety and liveness requirements, and (4) establish an ongoing framework for assessing interest and relevance among students. Methods: We detail our pedagogical strategy for embedding $\text { TLA }^{+}$ into an intermediate course on formal methods at our institution. After starting with a refresher on mathematical logic, students specify the rules of simple puzzles in $\text { TLA }^{+}$ and use its included model checker (known as TLC) to find a solution. We gradually escalate to more complex, dynamic, event-driven systems, such as the control logic of a microwave oven, where students will study safety and liveness requirements. We subsequently discuss explicit concurrency, along with thread safety and deadlock avoidance, by modeling bounded counters and buffers. Results: Our initial findings suggest that through careful curricular design and choice of examples and tools, it is possible to inspire and cultivate a new generation of software engineers proficient in formal methods. Conclusions: Our initial efforts suggest that 84% of our students had a positive experience in our formal methods course. Our future plans include a longitudi

关键词： computer science Open Access Model checking System recovery software Safety Logic Reliability Proposals software engineering

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A Method for Reducing Speech Distortion in Minimum Variance Distortionless Response Beamformer

A Method for Reducing Speech Distortion in Minimum Variance ...

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2023 Seminar on Signal Processing, SoSP 2023

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371086

Speech processing devices such as mobile telephone, hearing aid, cochlear implant is commonly equipped with a designed microphone array (MA) to capture the acoustic environment. The MA signals often contain a mixture of desired speech component and unwanted surrounding noise (a combination of reverberation, different interferences, complex recording environment, third-party speaker). Minimum Distortionless Variance Response (MVDR) beamformer is one the most useful methods for reducing background noise and improving speech enhancement has been recently studied. MVDR beamformer merges the predefined constraints of response from a priori relative transfer function and the criteria of minimum total output noise power. Because of the microphone mismatches, the different microphone sensitivities, or the error of the direction of arrival of the interest signal, the output final signal of MVDR beamformer often corrupted. In this paper, the authors proposed an additive gain function for reducing speech distortion and enhancing MVDR beamformer's performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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SoK: Security Below the OS – A Security Analysis of UEFI

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Surve, Priyanka Prakash Brodt, Oleg Yampolskiy, Mark Elovici, Yuval Shabtai, Asaf Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben Gurion University of the Negev Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University United States

The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a linchpin of modern computing systems, governing secure system initialization and booting. This paper is urgently needed because of the surge in UEFI-related attacks and vulnerabilities in recent years. Motivated by this urgent concern, we undertake an extensive exploration of the UEFI landscape, dissecting its distribution supply chain, booting process, and security features. We carefully study a spectrum of UEFI-targeted attacks and proofs of concept (PoCs) for exploiting UEFI-related vulnerabilities. Building upon these insights, we construct a comprehensive attack threat model encompassing threat actors, attack vectors, attack types, vulnerabilities, attack capabilities, and attacker objectives. Drawing inspiration from the MITRE ATT&CK framework, we present a MITRE ATT&CK-like taxonomy delineating tactics, techniques, and sub-techniques in the context of UEFI attacks. This taxonomy can provide a road map for identifying existing gaps and developing new techniques for rootkit prevention, detection, and removal. Finally, the paper discusses existing countermeasures against UEFI attacks including a variety of technical and operational measures that can be implemented to lower the risk of UEFI attacks to an acceptable level. This paper seeks to clarify the complexities of UEFI and equip the cybersecurity community with the necessary knowledge to strengthen the security of this critical component against a growing threat landscape. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Taxonomies

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HistoDX: Revolutionizing Breast Cancer Diagnosis Through Advanced Imaging Techniques

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 94416-94436页

作者： Wishal Arshad Tehreem Masood H. M. Shahzad Hassan A. Ahmed Syed Hamza Ahmed Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab Khushi Faculty of Software Engineering and Information Technology University of Central Punjab Lahore Pakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Superior University Lahore Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior University Lahore Pakistan Department of Information Systems Monte Ahuja College of Business Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among women worldwide, highlighting the need for efficient histopathology-based screening methods for early diagnosis. This study introduces HistoDX, a deep learning framework to classify Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) using 277,524 histopathology image patches ( $50\times 50$ pixels) from Paul Mooney’s IDC dataset on Kaggle, comprising No Cancer and IDC(+) classes. HistoDX employs a preprocessing pipeline with normalization, data augmentation, and class balancing via oversampling and weighted loss to address the class imbalance. A customized convolutional neural network, built on EfficientNetV2-B3 with additional layers, achieves 97% accuracy and a 0.91 ROC-AUC score on the test set. Validation on BreakHis (97% accuracy) and BACH (90% accuracy) datasets confirm generalizability, though detecting under sampled IDC(+) cases remains challenging. Low training and test losses underscore reliability. HistoDX empowers pathologists by enhancing diagnostic efficiency and minimizing subjectivity through effective class imbalance mitigation. Its robust performance across diverse datasets like BreakHis and BACH suggests readiness for clinical integration. Future research into advanced augmentation techniques, ensemble models, and whole-slide image analysis could further optimize accuracy, sensitivity, and scalability, paving the way for broader adoption in precision oncology.

关键词： Breast cancer Cancer Accuracy Tumors Feature extraction Computational modeling Imaging Histopathology Deep learning Breast

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Identification of Anomaly Scenes in Videos Using Graph Neural Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5417-5430页

作者： Khalid Masood Mahmoud M.Al-Sakhnini Waqas Nawaz Tauqeer Faiz Abdul Salam Mohammad Hamza Kashif Department of Software Engineering Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Business Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Al-Madinah International University–Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinahKingdom of Saudi Arabia School of IT Skyline University CollegeSharjahUAE Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science(FECS)-Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak Department of General Education Skyline University CollegeUniversity City of SharjahUAE Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

Generally,conventional methods for anomaly detection rely on clustering,proximity,or *** themassive growth in surveillance videos,outliers or anomalies find ingenious ways to obscure themselves in the network and make conventional techniques *** research explores the structure of Graph neural networks(GNNs)that generalize deep learning frameworks to graph-structured *** node in the graph structure is labeled and anomalies,represented by unlabeled nodes,are predicted by performing random walks on the node-based graph *** to their strong learning abilities,GNNs gained popularity in various domains such as natural language processing,social network analytics and *** detection is a challenging task in computer vision but the proposed algorithm using GNNs efficiently performs the identification of *** Graph-based deep learning networks are designed to predict unknown objects and *** our case,they detect unusual objects in the form of malicious *** edges between nodes represent a relationship of nodes among each *** case of anomaly,such as the bike rider in Pedestrians data,the rider node has a negative value for the edge and it is identified as an *** encoding and decoding layers are crucial for determining how statistical measurements affect anomaly identification and for correcting the graph path to the best possible *** show that the proposed framework is a step ahead of the traditional approaches in detecting unusual activities,which shows a huge potential in automatically monitoring surveillance *** autonomous monitoring of CCTV,crime control and damage or destruction by a group of people or crowd can be identified and alarms may be triggered in unusual activities in streets or public *** suggested GNN model improves accuracy by 4%for the Pedestrian 2 dataset and 12%for the Pedestrian 1 dataset compared to a few state-of the-art techniq

关键词： Graph neural network deep learning anomaly detection auto encoders

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An efficient memory data organization strategy for application-characteristic graph processing

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Frontiers of computer Science 2022年第1期16卷 191-193页

作者： Peng FANG Fang WANG Zhan SHI Dan FENG Qianxu YI Xianghao XU Yongxuan ZHANG Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Information Storage SystemEngineering Research Center of data storage systems and TechnologyMinistry of Education of ChinaSchool of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

1 Introduction Graph processing has received significant attention for its ability to cope with large-scale and complex unstructured data in the ***,most of the graph processing applications exhibit an irregular memor... 详细信息

关键词： application processing pattern

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An Effective Post - Filtering for Minimum Variance Distortionless Response Beamformer

An Effective Post - Filtering for Minimum Variance Distortio...

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2023 Seminar on Signal Processing, SoSP 2023

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371086

An effective hands-free speech interface with an appropriate digital signal processing is essential for teleconference systems and control systems. Beamforming technique, which use a microphone array (MA) is an ideal solution for distant - talking speech acquisition, is one of the most attractive approaches for suppressing background noise and improving the speech intelligibility and speech quality of the processing system. Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) has the capacity of maximizing the sensitivity in a certain direction at aiming to extract the desired target speech while removing all total power of surrounding noise. However, in many complex recording environments, due to the error of direction of arrival of interest speaker, the difference of microphone sensitivities, imprecise designed geometry of MA, the performance of MVDR beamformer often degraded. In this contribution, the authors suggested an additive post-filtering to enhance the effectiveness of MVDR beamformer. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides Using Deep Neural Networks

Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides Using Deep Neural Netwo...

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16th International Joint Conference on Biomedical engineering systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2023

作者： Gülsüm Söylemez, Ümmü Yousef, Malik Bakir-Gungor, Burcu Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering Muş Alparslan University Muş Turkey Department of Information Systems Zefat Academic College Zefat13206 Israel Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Abdullah Gul University Kayseri Turkey

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial elements of the innate immune system;and they are effective against bacteria that cause several diseases. These peptides are investigated as potential alternatives of antibiotics to treat infections. Since wet lab experiments are expensive and time-consuming, computational methods become crucial in this field. In this study, we suggest a computational technique for AMP prediction using deep neural networks (DNN). We trained a DNN classifier using physicochemical features that include a sequential model;and evaluated the model with 10-fold cross-validation on a benchmark dataset. We compared our method with other machine learning approaches and demonstrated that the method we developed generates higher performance (accuracy: 92%, precision: 92%, recall: 93%, f1: 93%, AUC: 98%). In our experiments, we have realized that there is a strong positive correlation between the ‘Normalized Hydrophobic Moment’ feature and ‘Angle Subtended by the Hydrophobic Residues’ feature;and strong negative correlations between ‘Normalized Hydrophobicity’ feature and ‘Disordered Conformation Propensity’ feature, and between ‘Amphilicity Index’ - ‘Disordered Conformation Propensity’ features. We believe that the approach we proposed could guide further experimental studies and could facilitate the prediction of other types of AMPs having anticancer, antivirus, antiparasitic activities. © 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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