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Exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locomotor system

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 160-171页

作者： Yue Dai Yi Cheng Renkai Ge Ke Chen Liming Yang Key Lab of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education College of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Physical Education and Health Care East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of Ministry of Education School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vertebrate neurons are highly dynamic cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external *** particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active *** of the vertebrate locomotor system’s adaptability suggest multiple mechanisms are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during *** this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from the field with a focus on the following mechanisms:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal membrane properties via modulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein *** hope is to update the community with a cellular and molecular understanding of the recent mechanisms underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locomotor system in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.

关键词： Dendritic plasticity Excitability Exercise Ion channel modulation Neuron adaptation

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Towards Modeling Functional Requirements From Tacit Knowledge

Towards Modeling Functional Requirements From Tacit Knowledg...

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computer Science, computer engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE), Congress in

作者： Rameen Jafar Maram Fahaad Almufareh Sundas Ashraf Bushra Khan Wasi Haider Butt Mamoona Humayun Department of Computer and Software Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Sakakah Saudi Arabia

Requirements Elicitation is the process of identifying system needs by talking with stakeholders who have a direct or indirect effect on the requirements. Requirements may be derived from several sources and are one of the most important phases of requirement engineering. We need to perform different elicitation techniques to find out the user's needs. Pre-requirements tracing is the process of determining the origins of a specific demand. Typically, certain needs arise that have no apparent source, but stakeholders will testify to their importance. Such criteria, however, are most likely dependent on tacit or tacit-like information entrenched in the issue domain. Tacit knowledge is one of the most common challenges for requirement analysts. This study contributes to constructing a systematic literature review for exploring multiple ways to model functional requirements using tacit knowledge. We have identified and analyzed 10 studies. In these research papers, different authors have discussed different methods to gather functional requirements from tacit knowledge.

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PSO Optimization Algorithm for QoS Enhancement in IoT-Enabled WSNs

PSO Optimization Algorithm for QoS Enhancement in IoT-Enable...

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Environment, ICAISE 2022

作者： Benelhouri, Abdelkader Idrissi-Saba, Hafida Antari, Jilali Laboratory of Metrology and Information Processing Faculty of Science Ibn Zohr University B.P. 8106 Agadir Morocco Laboratory of Computer Systems Engineering Mathematics and Applications Ibn Zohr University Polydisciplinary FacultyB.P. 271 Taroudant83000 Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9783031262531

Through the recent progress in the field of microelectronics and the emergence of wireless communication technologies, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have seen the light of day. However, one of the major problems of this type of networks is the energy efficiency. The overage is also a key problem as it determines the ability of a set of sensors to monitor a geographic area efficiently. In order to improve network deployment and throughput, this paper proposes a PSO-based approach to deploy nodes and select cluster heads efficiently. The suggested work has undergone significant QoS experimentation in a variety of scenarios. The results of this algorithm are investigated by implementing the Mod-LEACH algorithm in the data routing process. It is concluded that the PSO based clustering algorithm enhances the network throughput by improving nodes emplacement. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Microelectronics

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PpNNT: Multiparty Privacy-Preserving Neural Network Training System

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第1期5卷 370-383页

作者： Feng, Qi He, Debiao Shen, Jian Luo, Min Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Wuhan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430072 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan250014 China School of Information Science and Technology Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Shanghai Technology Innovation Centre of Distributed Privacy-Preserving Artificial Intelligence Matrix Elements Technologies Shanghai201204 China University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security San AntonioTX78249 United States

By leveraging smart devices [e.g., industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)] and real-time data analytics, organizations, such as production plants can benefit from increased productivity, reduced costs, enhanced self-monitoring, and autonomous decision-making. In such a setting, machine learning plays an important role in data analytics, but the use of conventional centralized machine learning solutions may raise uncomfortable concerns about data privacy. Hence, one can explore the use of federated learning. In this article, we propose privacy-preserving deep neural network training (PpNNT), which is designed to support federated learning in the multiparty setting. To minimize the overall costs, we further design a hybrid architecture to fully maximize resource utilization. Our proposed design allows the PpNNT system to provide high security, efficiency, and scalability for IIoT data analytics, as evidenced by our theoretical security proof and experimental results on the CIFAR10 dataset. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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Ev-IDID: Enhancing Solutions to Interactive Dynamic Influence Diagrams through Evolutionary Algorithms 21

Ev-IDID: Enhancing Solutions to Interactive Dynamic Influenc...

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21st International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent systems, AAMAS 2022

作者： Ma, Biyang Pan, Yinghui Zeng, Yifeng Ming, Zhong School of Computer Science and Engineering Minnan Normal University China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China Department of Computer and Information Sciences Northumbria University United Kingdom College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713854333

Interactive dynamic influence diagrams (I-DIDs) are a general framework for multiagent sequential decision making under uncertainty. Due to the model complexity, a significant amount of research has been invested into solving the model through various types of either exact or approximate algorithms. However, there is no tool that allows users to specify the algorithm parameters and visualise the model solutions. In this demo, we develop an interactive I-DID system that implements most of the state-of-art I-DID algorithms and develops a new type of algorithms based on evolutionary computation. In particular, we propose a multi-population genetic algorithm for solving the I-DID models and automate the generation of behavioural models in the solutions. This demo will facilitate the I-DID research development and practical applications, and elicit a new wave of I-DID solutions based on evolutionary algorithms. © 2022 International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent systems (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Runtime Backdoor Detection for Federated Learning via Representational Dissimilarity Analysis

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xiyue Xue, Xiaoyong Du, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaofei Liu, Yang Sun, Meng University of Oxford Department of Computer Science United Kingdom Peking University Department of Information and Computing Science School of Mathematical Science China Monash University Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity Australia Singapore Management University School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Federated learning (FL), as a powerful learning paradigm, trains a shared model by aggregating model updates from distributed clients. However, the decoupling of model learning from local data makes FL highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a single compromised client can poison the shared model. While recent progress has been made in backdoor detection, existing methods face challenges with detection accuracy and runtime effectiveness, particularly when dealing with complex model architectures. In this work, we propose a novel approach to detecting malicious clients in an accurate, stable, and efficient manner. Our method utilizes a sampling-based network representation method to quantify dissimilarities between clients, identifying model deviations caused by backdoor injections. We also propose an iterative algorithm to progressively detect and exclude malicious clients as outliers based on these dissimilarity measurements. Evaluations across a range of benchmark tasks demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in detection accuracy and defense effectiveness. When deployed for runtime protection, our approach effectively eliminates backdoor injections with marginal overheads. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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SMART: towards pre-trained missing-aware model for patient health status prediction 24

SMART: towards pre-trained missing-aware model for patient h...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural information Processing systems

作者： Zhihao Yu Xu Chu Yujie Jin Yasha Wang Junfeng Zhao School of Computer Science Peking University and National Research and Engineering Center of Software Engineering Peking University School of Computer Science Peking University and Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies Peking University Beijing China and Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing China and Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai) National Research and Engineering Center of Software Engineering Peking University and Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing China and Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai) School of Computer Science Peking University and National Research and Engineering Center of Software Engineering Peking University and Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing China and Nanhu Laboratory Jiaxing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Electronic health record (EHR) data has emerged as a valuable resource for analyzing patient health status. However, the prevalence of missing data in EHR poses significant challenges to existing methods, leading to spurious correlations and suboptimal predictions. While various imputation techniques have been developed to address this issue, they often obsess difficult-to-interpolate details and may introduce additional noise when making clinical predictions. To tackle this problem, we propose SMART, a Self-Supervised Missing-Aware RepresenTation Learning approach for patient health status prediction, which encodes missing information via missing-aware temporal and variable attentions and learns to impute missing values through a novel self-supervised pre-training approach which reconstructs missing data representations in the latent space rather than in input space as usual. By adopting elaborated attentions and focusing on learning higher-order representations, SMART promotes better generalization and robustness to missing data. We validate the effectiveness of SMART through extensive experiments on six EHR tasks, demonstrating its superiority over state-of-the-art methods. Our code is available at https://***/yzhHoward/SMART.

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A Privacy Leakage Detection Method for Personalized Course Recommendation Based on Pi-Calculus 24

A Privacy Leakage Detection Method for Personalized Course R...

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24th IEEE International Conference on software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion, QRS-C 2024

作者： Wu, Zixin Zhou, Xiaoyun Zhu, Yi Wang, Chenyu Hao, Guosheng School of Computer Science and Technology Jiangsu Normal University Jiangsu Xuzhou China Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Ict in Education Jiangsu Xuzhou China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Safety-Critical Software Jiangsu Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365658

Privacy protection is one of the main approaches to improve the security and reliability of personalized course recommendation systems. However, the current privacy protection methods for personalized course recommendation mainly focus on data protection, but ignore the potential privacy leakage that may be caused by the system behavior. In addition, privacy protection is not fully considered in the initial phases of system development and design. To address this issue, this paper presents a methodology for detecting privacy leakage in personalized course recommendation systems using the process algebra Pi-Calculus. Firstly, the basic semantics and evolution rules of Pi-Calculuss as well as the definition of mutual simulation techniques are introduced. Then the personalized course recommendation system is mapped to a process algebra Pi-Calculus, a formal description and analysis of the interaction behavior of the components of the personalized course recommendation system is given, and finally a framework for privacy leakage detection is introduced and applied to a case study to detect whether there is privacy leakage behavior in the recommendation system by the inter-simulation technique. Experiments demonstrate that the method can effectively detect potential privacy leakage problems in the early stages of system development. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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eSROP Attack: Leveraging Signal Handler to Implement Turing-Complete Attack Under CFI Defense 1

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18th EAI International Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication Networks, SecureComm 2022

作者： Zhang, Tianning Cai, Miao Zhang, Diming Huang, Hao Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University Nanjing China School of Computer and Information Hohai University Nanjing China College of Computer Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9783031255380

ISBN: (纸本)9783031255373

Signal Return Oriented Programming (SROP) is a dangerous code reuse attack method. Recently, defense techniques have been proposed to defeat SROP attacks. In this paper, we leverage the signal nesting mechanism provided by current operating systems and propose a new variant of SROP attack called enhanced SROP (eSROP) attack. eSROP provides the ability of invoking arbitrary system calls, simulating Turing-complete computation, and even bypassing the fine-grained label-based CFI defense, without modifying the return address and instruction register in the signal frame. Because the signal returns to the interrupted instruction, the shadow stack defense can hardly detect our attack. Signal has strong flexibility which can interrupt the normal control flow. We leverage such flexibility to design a new code reuse attack. To evaluate eSROP, we perform two exploits on two real-world programs, namely Proftpd and Wu-ftpd. In our attacks, adversaries can invoke arbitrary system calls and obtain a root shell. Both attacks succeed within 10 min under strict system defense such as data execution prevention, address space layout randomization, and coarse-grained control flow integrity. © 2023, ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering.

关键词： Network security

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Emotional Synchronization for Audio-Driven Talking-Head Generation

Emotional Synchronization for Audio-Driven Talking-Head Gene...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Zhao Zhang Yan Luo Zhichao Zuo Richang Hong Yi Yang Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Information Engineering University of Technology Hefei China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Yunan China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798331506681

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506698

Audio-driven talking-head synthesis has become a significant focus in the field of virtual human applications. However, existing methodologies face challenges in effectively synchronizing audio and video, especially in maintaining emotional consistency. Additionally, there is a notable inefficiency in leveraging emotional prompts to guide expression generation. To address these limitations, this paper introduces an Emotion Synchronized audio-driven Talking-head synthesis (EST) approach. The EST approach aims to enhance the emotion-agnostic talking-head models by enabling emotion control, and it incorporates a diffusion module to learn diverse latent rep-resentations. Furthermore, EST utilizes null-text embedding to align the latent code with emotional prompts. Additionally, a novel Sync Attention Block (SAB) is developed to broaden the spatial perceptual field, thus preventing the loss of critical information. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the EST method, showcasing state-of-the-art performance across widely-adopted datasets. Moreover, the EST approach exhibits exceptional generalization capabilities, even in scenarios where emotional training videos are unavailable.

关键词： Training Codes Accuracy Digital humans Synchronization Data mining Faces Testing

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