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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Zhao Zhang Yulin Sun Zheng Zhang Yang Wang Guangcan Liu Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Bio-Computing Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China School of Information and Control Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

In this paper, we extend the popular dictionary pair learning (DPL) into the scenario of twin-projective latent flexible DPL under a structured twin-incoherence. Technically, a novel framework called Twin-Projective Latent Flexible DPL (TP-DPL) is proposed, which minimizes the twin-incoherence constrained flexibly-relaxed reconstruction error to avoid the possible over-fitting issue and produce accurate reconstruction. In this setting, TP-DPL integrates the twin-incoherence based latent flexible DPL and the joint embedding of codes as well as salient features by twin-projection into a unified model in an adaptive neighborhood-preserving manner. Therefore, TP-DPL can unify the procedures of salient feature representation and classification. The twin-incoherence constraint on coefficients and features can explicitly ensure high intra-class compactness and inter-class separation over them. TP-DPL also integrates the adaptive weighting to preserve local neighborhood of both coefficients and salient features within each class explicitly. For efficiency, TP-DPL selects the Frobenius-norm and abandons the costly l0/l1-norm for group sparse representation. Another byproduct is that TP-DPL can directly apply the class-specific twin-projective reconstruction residual to compute the label of data. Extensive results on public databases show that TP-DPL can deliver the state-of-the-art performance.

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Discriminative Additive Scale Loss for Deep Imbalanced Classification and Embedding

Discriminative Additive Scale Loss for Deep Imbalanced Class...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Zhao Zhang Weiming Jiang Yang Wang Qiaolin Ye Mingbo Zhao Mingliang Xu Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Ministry of Education) & Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Hefei China AI team Shanghai Shizhuang Information Technology Co. Ltd Shanghai China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China School of Information Science and Technology Donghua University Shanghai China School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423991

Real-world data in emerging applications may suffer from highly-skewed class imbalanced distribution, however how to deal with this kind of problem appropriately through deep learning needs further investigation. In this paper, we mainly propose a novel cross-entropy based loss function, referred to as Additive Scale Loss (ASL), for deep representation learning and imbalanced classification. To deal with the class imbalanced problem, ASL aims at increasing the loss in case of misclassification, which can avoid the superimposed loss values caused by the large amount of easily classified data in the unbalanced database to dominate the loss value of misclassified data. Moreover, in real-world applications, one data source may be used for multiple scenarios, such as classification and embedding learning, however training two separable models to handle these problems is costly, especially in deep learning area. To tackle this issue, we present and integrate a discriminative inter-class separation term into ASL, and propose a discriminative ASL (D-ASL), which can not only improve the classification performance, but also obtain discriminative representations simultaneously. The discriminative inter-class separation term is general, and can be easily integrated to other loss functions, such as CE and FL, as the byproducts. Finally, a new deep convolutional neural network equipped with D-ASL and a fully-connected (FC) layer is proposed, which can classify the imbalanced image data and obtain the discriminative representations at the same time. Extensive experimental results verified the superior performance of our method.

关键词： Deep learning Training Representation learning Additives databases Soft sensors Conferences

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Maritime Unmanned Rescue System-of-Systems Design Based on Attention Transformer

Maritime Unmanned Rescue System-of-Systems Design Based on A...

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IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)

作者： Wei Ding Zhenjun Ming Guoxin Wang Yan Yan Anton Van Beek Hongfei Zhan School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Zhejiang China Key Laboratory of Industry Knowledge & Data Fusion Technology and Application Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Beijing China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798350384185

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384192

When natural or man-made disasters occur at sea, a maritime unmanned rescue system-of-systems (MURSoSs), as an important guarantee for the safety of people's lives and property, has a rapid response to emergency rescue services. In the design process of MURSoSs, it is often faced with problems such as unexplainable mechanisms and inaccurate modeling due to the characteristics of multi-level coupling and irregular emergence. A design method of MURSoSs based on an attention Transformer is proposed. First, this paper decomposes the MURSoSs into a multi-level organizational structure composed of individual performance, group structure, and overall effectiveness. Second, the maritime unmanned rescue simulation environment is constructed, to obtain the multi-level evolution data of group structure and overall effectiveness under different individual performance, and the attention Transformer is used to mine the functional correlation relationship between levels. Finally, the experimental simulation prediction is carried out by using this function relationship. Taking the design of MURSoSs as an example, the results show that the constructed model accurately quantifies the correlation relationship between levels and effectively reveal the internal logic of the emergence process of maritime rescue.

关键词： Couplings Correlation Autonomous systems Disasters Design methodology Transformers Logic

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Chinese Emergency Event Extraction Based on Contrastive Learning with Event Semantic Features

Chinese Emergency Event Extraction Based on Contrastive Lear...

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International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and knowledge Discovery (FSKD)

作者： Xinyi Sheng Jinguang Gu Youcheng Yan Fangfang Xu College of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Big Data Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China The Key Laboratory of Rich-Media Knowledge Organization and Service of Digital Publishing Content Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China Beijing China

Extracting emergency events from a large amount of unstructured information is essential for improving early warning and emergency response. Existing event extraction methods for specialist fields often rely on well-designed syntactic dependencies or external knowledge graphs, which can provide high accuracy in their specialist fields. However, these approaches may have poor generalization capabilities and are difficult to apply directly to the emergency field. In addition, most existing methods ignore the interdependencies between event triggers and event arguments, which may be crucial semantic features for event extraction. To solve these problems, we propose a Chinese emergent event extraction method based on contrastive learning with event semantic features(CNEmergEE). Firstly, the proposed approach automatically expands the pre-trained model’s vocabulary on a domain corpus. Then, continuing learning on the same corpus allows the model to complete domain adaptation. Finally, we use contrast learning to enable models to learn semantic representations of events. Experimental results on the CEC (Chinese Emergency Corpus) dataset show that our approach achieves better improvement.

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Inverse extreme learning machine for learning with label proportions

Inverse extreme learning machine for learning with label pro...

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IEEE International Conference on Big data

作者： Limeng Cui Jiawei Zhang Zhensong Chen Yong Shi Philip S. Yu School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science Florida State University FL USA Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Chicago IL USA

In large-scale learning problem, the scalability of learning algorithms is usually the key factor affecting the algorithm practical performance, which is determined by both the time complexity of the learning algorithms and the amount of supervision information (i.e., labeled data). Learning with label proportions (LLP) is a new kind of machine learning problem which has drawn much attention in recent years. Different from the well-known supervised learning, LLP can estimate a classifier from groups of weakly labeled data, where only the positive/negative class proportions of each group are known. Due to its weak requirements for the input data, LLP presents a variety of real-world applications in almost all the fields involving anonymous data, like computer vision, fraud detection and spam filtering. However, even through the required labeled data is of a very small amount, LLP still suffers from the long execution time a lot due to the high time complexity of the learning algorithm itself. In this paper, we propose a very fast learning method based on inversing output scaling process and extreme learning machine, namely Inverse Extreme Learning Machine (IELM), to address the above issues. IELM can speed up the training process by order of magnitudes for large datasets, while achieving highly competitive classification accuracy with the existing methods at the same time. Extensive experiments demonstrate the significant speedup of the proposed method. We also demonstrate the feasibility of IELM with a case study in real-world setting: modeling image attributes based on ImageNet Object Attributes dataset.

关键词： Training Calibration Support vector machines Supervised learning Visualization Optimization

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Few-shot Open Relation Extraction with Gaussian Prototype and Adaptive Margin

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Tianlin Zhang, Lingling Wang, Jiaxin Lei, Yunkuo Li, Yifei Wang, Haofen Liu, Jun School of Computer Science and Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Computer Science and Technology Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China College of Design and Innovation Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Few-shot relation extraction with none-of-the-above (FsRE with NOTA) aims at predicting labels in few-shot scenarios with unknown classes. FsRE with NOTA is more challenging than the conventional few-shot relation extraction task, since the boundaries of unknown classes are complex and difficult to learn. Meta-learning based methods, especially prototype-based methods, are the mainstream solutions to this task. They obtain the classification boundary by learning the sample distribution of each class. However, their performance is limited because few-shot overfitting and NOTA boundary confusion lead to misclassification between known and unknown classes. To this end, we propose a novel framework based on Gaussian prototype and adaptive margin named GPAM for FsRE with NOTA, which includes three modules, semi-factual representation, GMM-prototype metric learning and decision boundary learning. The first two modules obtain better representations to solve the few-shot problem through debiased information enhancement and Gaussian space distance measurement. The third module learns more accurate classification boundaries and prototypes through adaptive margin and negative sampling. In the training procedure of GPAM, we use contrastive learning loss to comprehensively consider the effects of range and margin on the classification of known and unknown classes to ensure the model's stability and robustness. Sufficient experiments and ablations on the FewRel dataset show that GPAM surpasses previous prototype methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Fast One-Pass Approximation for Matrix-Based Rényi's Entropy

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Gong, Tieliang Dong, Yuxin Gao, Zeyu Chen, Hong Zhang, Weizhan Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Department of Oncology University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1TN United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong Agriculture University Hubei Wuhan430070 China

This paper is concerned with improving the computational efficiency of the matrix-based Rényi's α-order entropy, which enables directly being accessed from the given data without knowing the probability density function of the underlying data. However, leveraging either trace estimation or the eigenvalue-based methods will cost O(n3) in time complexity, where n is the number of observed samples. The intensive computational demands impede its utility in modern large-scale machine learning tasks. Recently, the Hutch++ based entropy approximation was developed, by converting the original entropy estimation problem into stochastic trace estimation. It reduces the time complexity to O(n2s) (s © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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An Empirical Study on Information Extraction using Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Han, Ridong Yang, Chaohao Peng, Tao Tiwari, Prayag Wan, Xiang Liu, Lu Wang, Benyou College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China College of Software Jilin University China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China School of Information Technology Halmstad University Sweden

Human-like large language models (LLMs), especially the most powerful and popular ones in OpenAI’s GPT family, have proven to be very helpful for many natural language processing (NLP) related tasks. Therefore, various attempts have been made to apply LLMs to information extraction (IE), which is a fundamental NLP task that involves extracting information from unstructured plain text. To demonstrate the latest representative progress in LLMs’ information extraction ability, we assess the information extraction ability of GPT-4 (the latest version of GPT at the time of writing this paper) from four perspectives: Performance, Evaluation Criteria, Robustness, and Error Types. Our results suggest a visible performance gap between GPT-4 and state-of-the-art (SOTA) IE methods. To alleviate this problem, considering the LLMs’ human-like characteristics, we propose and analyze the effects of a series of simple prompt-based methods, which can be generalized to other LLMs and NLP tasks. Rich experiments show our methods’ effectiveness and some of their remaining issues in improving GPT-4’s information extraction ability. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information retrieval

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Identification of misleading product description in e-commerce website

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Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software 2014年 25卷 127-135页

作者： Long, Yin Liu, Hong-Yan He, Jun Hu, He Du, Xiao-Yong Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Online shopping has been accepted by more and more consumers. C2C websites provide thousands of offers for consumers as a mainstream e-commerce platform. When customers search products in C2C website, some returned offers have misleading description. Misleading description means that the description does not convey the actual price of products, but usually claiming much lower price for the purpose of attracting more consumers. The misleading offers affect consumers' judgments and bring bad influences on the websites' reputation. This paper proposes an approach that combines statistical model HMM with statistical outlier detection method to detect misleading offers. HMM model is built to determine the product that an offer description really designates, providing an efficient solution to eliminate the ambiguity of the offer description caused by description irregularities. The statistical outlier detection method is effective to deal with limited product offer information. The paper further conducts experiments on real data set of electric business websites and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. ©2014 ISCAS.

关键词： Websites

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Capability enhanced trust evaluation model for Web services

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Jisuanji Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Computers 2008年第8期31卷 1471-1477页

作者： Li, Hai-Hua Du, Xiao-Yong Tian, Xuan Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China School of Information Science and Technology Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

In open environment, an effective trust mechanism should be built to ensure transaction safety. But current trust evaluation approaches solely based on the certificate or feedback are inaccurate and ineffective. Thus, referring to the social trust models, this paper presents a capability enhanced method to improve the accuracy of evaluating trustworthiness. Based on it, this paper also designs a trust evaluation model ServTrust that naturally provides a solution to the trust problem. Compared with current feedback based approaches, simulation experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed model in trust evaluating.

关键词： Web services

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