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Data alignment based adversarial defense benchmark for EEG-based BCIs

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Neural Networks 2025年 188卷 107516页

作者： Chen, Xiaoqing Jia, Tianwang Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen518063 China Zhongguancun Academy Beijing100080 China

Machine learning has been extensively applied to signal decoding in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). While most studies have focused on enhancing the accuracy of EEG-based BCIs, more attention should be given to their security. Recent findings reveal that EEG-based BCIs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To address this, we present the first adversarial defense benchmark based on data alignment, aiming to enhance both the accuracy and robustness of EEG-based BCIs. This study evaluates nine adversarial defense approaches (including five defense strategies) across five EEG datasets (covering three paradigms), three neural networks, and four experimental scenarios. Our results show for the first time that integrating data augmentation, data alignment, and robust training can further improve both the accuracy and robustness of BCIs compared to using only one or two of them. Furthermore, we provide insights into the characteristics of various adversarial defense approaches based on EEG data alignment, offering valuable guidance for developing more accurate and secure EEG-based BCIs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Adversarial attack Adversarial defense Brain–computer interface Data alignment Electroencephalogram Security

Down-Level control Based on Level Prediction of Landslide Evolutionary State

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Down-Level Control Based on Level Prediction of Landslide Ev...

International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST)

作者： Shu Sun Cheng Lian Xiaoping Wang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Accurate prediction and effective control are the key to reducing the impact of landslide disasters. In practice, most of recent studies focus on landslide displacement prediction and control. In this paper, we propose a new control method based on the level prediction of landslide evolution state, namely down-level control. The core components are level predictor and interval predictor in this method. Specially, we first transform the traditional displacement regression prediction problem into a level classification prediction problem by labeling discrete category information for landslide sample points. Then the level predictor based on Multi-task learning-Stacked long-short time memory network (MTL-SLSTM) is established to predict the state of the landslide and judge whether the system needs to be controlled. Finally, we design a safe rainfall interval predictor based on bootstrap method to obtain the safe value of control variation. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified on Baishuihe and Shiliushubao landslides. The results show the proposed down-level control method is valid and more intuitive.

关键词： Information science Geology Transforms Predictive models Terrain factors Complexity theory Labeling

MBGD-RDA Training and Rule Pruning for Concise TSK Fuzzy Regression Models

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

To effectively train Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy systems for regression problems, a Mini-Batch Gradient Descent with Regularization, DropRule, and AdaBound (MBGD-RDA) algorithm was recently proposed. It has demonstrated superior performances;however, there are also some limitations, e.g., it does not allow the user to specify the number of rules directly, and only Gaussian MFs can be used. This paper proposes two variants of MBGD-RDA to remedy these limitations, and show that they outperform the original MBGD-RDA and the classical ANFIS algorithms with the same number of rules. Furthermore, we also propose a rule pruning algorithm for TSK fuzzy systems, which can reduce the number of rules without significantly sacrificing the regression performance. Experiments showed that the rules obtained from pruning are generally better than training them from scratch directly, especially when Gaussian MFs are used. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

A reinforcement learning-based dynamic multi-objective optimization approach for integrated timetabling and vehicle scheduling

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Knowledge-Based Systems 2025年 321卷

作者： Shen, Yindong Xie, Wenliang Institute of Artificial Intelligence Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The MOE Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Dynamic integrated timetabling and vehicle scheduling (D-ITVS) is essential for mitigating the negative impacts of service disruptions. It involves multiple rescheduling stages, with inherent optimization similarities across these stages. However, existing optimization approaches for the D-ITVS problem have not systematically exploited these similarities, overlooking the potential for decision knowledge from previous stages to inform the current stage. To address this gap, this paper proposes a reinforcement learning-based dynamic multi-objective optimization approach (RL-DMOA), which focuses on transferring decision knowledge between rescheduling stages. This approach models the optimization process of each rescheduling stage in the D-ITVS problem as a Markov decision process, incorporating a state space with vehicle information, action space for vehicle assignment, and a multi-objective reward function. A multi-objective deep reinforcement learning (M-DRL) agent is employed within the RL-DMOA to select actions based on the state at each decision point. The agent is constructed on a multi-objective deep Q-learning network (M-DQN), with a Q-value adjustment layer incorporated to prevent the selection of invalid actions. To select optimal actions while balancing the conflicts among multiple objectives, the M-DRL agent applies a non-dominated sorting selection strategy. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RL-DMOA is capable of generating timetables and vehicle schedules with reduced costs, enhanced robustness, and improved convergence and diversity across all rescheduling stages. By balancing operational costs and passenger service quality, these improvements benefit transit operators, and during daily operations, passengers enjoy reduced travel costs and enhanced service reliability. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

Multi-Level temporal pyramid network for action detection

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Xiang Gao, Changxin Zhang, Shiwei Sang, Nong Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology China DAMO Academy Alibaba Group

Currently, one-stage frameworks have been widely applied for temporal action detection, but they still suffer from the challenge that the action instances span a wide range of time. The reason is that these one-stage detectors, e.g., Single Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), extract temporal features only applying a single-level layer for each head, which is not discriminative enough to perform classification and regression. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Level Temporal Pyramid Network (MLTPN) to improve the discrimination of the features. Specially, we first fuse the features from multiple layers with different temporal resolutions, to encode multi-layer temporal information. We then apply a multi-level feature pyramid architecture on the features to enhance their discriminative abilities. Finally, we design a simple yet effective feature fusion module to fuse the multi-level multi-scale features. By this means, the proposed MLTPN can learn rich and discriminative features for different action instances with different durations. We evaluate MLTPN on two challenging datasets: THUMOS14 and Activitynet v1.3, and the experimental results show that MLTPN obtains competitive performance on Activitynet v1.3 and outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches on THUMOS14 significantly. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature extraction

Monocular visual–inertial SLAM algorithm combined with wheel speed anomaly detection

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gang, Peng Zezao, Lu Shanliang, Chen Bocheng, Chen Dingxin, He Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

To address the weak observability of monocular visual–inertial odometers on ground-based mobile robots, this paper proposes a monocular inertial SLAM algorithm combined with wheel speed anomaly detection. The algorithm uses a wheel speed odometer pre-integration method to add the wheel speed measurement to the least-squares problem in a tightly coupled manner. For abnormal motion situations, such as skidding and abduction, this paper adopts the Mecanum mobile chassis control method, based on torque control. This method use the motion constraint error to estimate the reliability of the wheel speed measurement. At the same time, in order to prevent incorrect chassis speed measurements from negatively influencing robot pose estimation, this paper uses three methods to detect abnormal chassis movement and analyze chassis movement status in real time. When the chassis movement is determined to be abnormal, the wheel odometer pre-integration measurement of the current frame is removed from the state estimation equation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and robustness of the state estimation. Experimental results show that the accuracy and robustness of the method in this paper are better than those of a monocular visual–inertial odometer. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

Single upper limb pose estimation method based on improved stacked hourglass network

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Peng, Gang Zheng, Yuezhi Li, Jianfeng Yang, Jin Deng, Zhonghua Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

At present, most high-accuracy single-person pose estimation methods have high computational complexity and insufficient real-time performance due to the complex structure of the network model. However, a single-person pose estimation method with high real-time performance also needs to improve its accuracy due to the simple structure of the network model. It is currently difficult to achieve both high accuracy and real-time performance in single-person pose estimation. For use in human–machine cooperative operations, this paper proposes a single-person upper limb pose estimation method based on an end-to-end approach for accurate and real-time limb pose estimation. Using the stacked hourglass network model, a single-person upper limb skeleton key point detection model was designed. Deconvolution was employed to replace the up-sampling operation of the hourglass module in the original model, solving the problem of rough feature maps. Integral regression was used to calculate the position coordinates of key points of the skeleton, reducing quantization errors and calculations. Experiments showed that the developed single-person upper limb skeleton key point detection model achieves high accuracy and that the pose estimation method based on the end-to-end approach provides high accuracy and real-time performance. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

Vision-based Autonomous Landing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on a Motional Unmanned Surface Vessel

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Vision-based Autonomous Landing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle o...

Chinese control Conference (CCC)

作者： Zhe-Cheng Xu Bin-Bin Hu Bin Liu X.D. Wang Hai-Tao Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation the Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. China

ISBN: (数字)9789881563903

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165233

This paper has developed a vision-based control approach for autonomous tracking and landing on a motional Unmanned surface vessel (USV) with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). First, a novel three-stage visual detection method is proposed to estimate the relative 3D position between UAV and USV, where the USV stays in a suitable view of the camera of the UAV. Then a PID controller is designed to regulate the attitude of the quadrotor and the movement of the vessel, which enables the successful landing procedure of the UAV on a motional USV. Finally, lake experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Cameras Drones Target tracking Mathematical model Three-dimensional displays

Privacy-Preserving Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Systematic Review

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xia, Kun Duch, Wlodzislaw Sun, Yu Xu, Kedi Fang, Weili Luo, Hanbin Zhang, Yi Sang, Dong Xu, Xiaodong Wang, Fei-Yue Wu, Dongrui The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The Department of Informatics School of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Neurocognitive Laboratory Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China The Zhejiang University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Child Health Hangzhou China Department of Biomedical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China The School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The NetsUnion Clearing Corporation Beijing100045 China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

A brain-computer interface (BCI) establishes a direct communication pathway between the human brain and a computer. It has been widely used in medical diagnosis, rehabilitation, education, entertainment, etc. Most research so far focuses on making BCIs more accurate and reliable, but much less attention has been paid to their privacy. Developing a commercial BCI system usually requires close collaborations among multiple organizations, e.g., hospitals, universities, and/or companies. Input data in BCIs, e.g., electroencephalogram (EEG), contain rich privacy information, and the developed machine learning model is usually proprietary. Data and model transmission among different parties may incur significant privacy threats, and hence privacy protection in BCIs must be considered. Unfortunately, there does not exist any contemporary and comprehensive review on privacy-preserving BCIs. This paper fills this gap, by describing potential privacy threats and protection strategies in BCIs. It also points out several challenges and future research directions in developing privacy-preserving BCIs. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Differential privacy