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Sinusoidal modeling and modification of unvoiced speech

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SPEECH AND AUDIO processing 1997年第6期5卷 557-560页

作者： Macon, MW Clements, MA Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology Portland OR USA Center for Signal and Image Processing The Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Atlanta GA USA

Although sinusoidal models have been shown to be useful for time-scale and pitch modification of voiced speech, objectionable artifacts often arise when such models are applied to unvoiced speech. This correspondence presents a sinusoidal model-based speech modification algorithm that preserves the natural character of unvoiced speech sounds after pitch and time-scale modification, eliminating commonly encountered artifacts. This advance is accomplished via a perceptually motivated modulation of the sinusoidal component phases that mitigates artifacts in the reconstructed signal after time-scale and pitch modification.

关键词： speech coding speech synthesis

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Trellis-coded OFDM signal detection with maximal ratio combining and combined equalization and trellis decoding

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 1997年第4期E80B卷 632-638页

作者： Lee, SS Jwa, JW Lee, HS Signal Processing Laboratory Korea Advance Institute Science and Technology Dongdaemun-Gu Seoul 130-012 20743 Cheongryangri-Dong South Korea

We propose an improved orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal detector which uses the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) noise feedback equalization (NFE). The input bit stream is trellis-coded to form OFDM signal blocks and the maximal ratio combining (MRC) is adopted at the receiver in order to improve the performance of the detector. As a result, we obtain significantly improved detection performance compared with the conventional OFDM receivers as follows. Using the proposed MMSE-NFE in the receiver, we can obtain the performance gain of about 1.5 dB to 2 dB in symbol energy to noise power spectral density (E-s/N-O) for Doppler frequencies of f(d) = 20 and 100 Hz, respectively over the receiver with the MMSE linear equalization (LE) alone at symbol error rate (SER) of about 10(-3). With MRC and trellis coding, the performance gain of about 11 dB in E-s/N-O for f(d) = 20 and 100 Hz at SER of about 10(-3) is obtained.

关键词： frequency division multiplexing equalization diversity trellis-coded modulation noise feedback equalization

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Shape integration of multi stereo images using surveyed points for an archaeological site

Shape integration of multi stereo images using surveyed poin...

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1997 International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications

作者： Nagano, M Sato, K Chihara, K Nara Institute of Science and Technology Image Processing Laboratory Ikoma Nara 630-01 8916-5 Takayama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0818678674

This paper proposes a new method of reconstructing entire 3D-shapes and colors of outdoor objects, especially of archaeological sites. The method integrates two binds of data;(1) partial surfaces: inaccurate object surfaces with COLOR information which are obtained by the stereogrammetry. Each of them has its focal geometry fixed on the roughly calibrated stereo cameras, and (2) surveyed points: sampled points whose 3D coordinate values are represented with the world geometry and accurately measured by a sensor. The authors focused on fitting the partial surfaces to surveyed points, and adopted adjusting processes which contain two feedback loops. The method is applied to an outdoor 3D measurement of a archaeological site, KAMAATO. A reconstructed 3D image can be useful for archaeological research.

关键词： Architecture

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Shape integration of multi stereo images using surveyed points for an archaeological site

Shape integration of multi stereo images using surveyed poin...

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International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications

作者： M. Nagano K. Sato K. Chihara Image Processing Laboratory Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan

Proposes a new method for reconstructing complete 3D shapes and colors of outdoor objects, especially of archaeological sites, as a reconstructed 3D image can be useful for archaeological research. The method integrates two kinds of data: (1) partial surfaces (inaccurate object surfaces with color information which are obtained by stereogrammetry, each of which has its local geometry fixed on the roughly calibrated stereo cameras), and (2) surveyed points (sampled points whose 3D coordinate values are represented with the world geometry and accurately measured by a sensor). The authors focused on fitting the partial surfaces to the surveyed points, and adopted adjustment processes which contained two feedback loops. The method is applied to an outdoor 3D measurement of the Kamaato archaeological site.

关键词： Shape Rough surfaces Surface roughness Surface fitting image reconstruction Surface reconstruction Information geometry Cameras Coordinate measuring machines Feedback loop

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Design of sparse FIR filters based on branch-and-bound algorithm

Design of sparse FIR filters based on branch-and-bound algor...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Young-Seog Song Yong Hoon Lee Signal Processing Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Science and Technology South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea

Branch-and-bound algorithm is applied to the design of sparse FIR filters having intentionally zeroed tap positions. It is shown that this algorithm coupled with a suitable optimization technique for filter design can lead to an optimal sparse FIR filter satisfying given specifications. Design examples demonstrate that the proposed method requires less computation than the conventional optimization such as the subset selection method.

关键词： Finite impulse response filter Algorithm design and analysis signal processing algorithms Design optimization Integer linear programming Design methodology signal design Delay Narrowband Wideband

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Particle velocity and size estimation from two channel laser anemometry measurements

Particle velocity and size estimation from two channel laser...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： P. Handel A. Host-Madsen Signal Processing Laboratory Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Information and Communications Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Kwangju South Korea

A mathematical treatment of particle size and velocity estimation from two channel laser anemometry measurements is considered. Cramer-Rao bounds for the general case are derived, and the corresponding maximum likelihood estimator is analyzed through computer simulations. Low complexity correlation based estimators are derived and their performance is characterized. The results predicted by theory are illustrated by some numerical examples.

关键词： Velocity measurement Particle measurements Size measurement Background noise Frequency estimation signal processing Personal digital assistants Laser theory Maximum likelihood estimation Phase estimation

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Performance of the H.263 Video Compression Standard

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Journal of VLSI signal processing Systems for signal, image, and Video technology 1997年第2-3期17卷 101-111页

作者： Girod, Bernd Steinbach, Eckehard Färber, Nikolaus Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg 91058 Erlangen Cauerstrasse 7 Germany Georgia Institute of Technology United States University of Hannover Germany Inst. F. Theor. N. University of Hannover Germany Massachussetts Inst. of Technology Cambridge MA United States Research Laboratory of Electronics United States Department of Media Technology Media Laboratory Germany Department of Computer Graphics Germany Academy of Media Arts Cologne Germany Computer Science Section Cologne University Germany Digital Signal Processing Group Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Dept. of Elec. Eng./Telecom. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Telecommunications Institute Germany Vivo Software Inc. Waltham MA United States University of Karlsruhe Germany University of Essex United Kingdom ESIEE Paris France Image Communication Group Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany University of Munich Germany Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Image Communication Group

The draft international standard ITU-T H.263 is closely related to the well known and widely used ITU-T Recommendation H.261. However, H.263 does provide the same subjective image quality at less than half the bit-rate. In this paper we investigate to what extend single enhancements of H.263 contribute to this performance gain, and consider the trade-off quality vs. complexity. Based on typical test sequences, H.263 with its various modes is compared to H.261 on the basis of rate distortion curves at bit-rates up to 128 kbps. At 64 kbps, the performance gain of H.263 in its default mode compared to H.261 is approximately 2 dB. This improvement is achieved with only little increase of complexity, and is mainly due to more accurate motion compensation with half-pel accuracy. Considering the trade-off quality vs. complexity, the combination of the optional coding-modes "Advanced prediction mode" and "PB-frames mode" is a good compromise, resulting in an additional performance gain of 1.5 dB PSNR at 64 kbps. The "Syntax-based arithmetic coding mode" on the other hand, offers only a very small performance gain (0.1 dB at 64 kbps) for its increased computational complexity. Results from profiling an H.263 software codec are presented in order to support complexity considerations of the optional coding-modes.

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Matching confidence analysis method based on tests of hypotheses

Matching confidence analysis method based on tests of hypoth...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Nong Sang Ruolin Wang Tianxu Zhang Institute for Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence State E ducation Commission Laboratory for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China Department of Civil Engineering Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering Hubei China

ISBN: (纸本)0780340531

Matching confidence is an important element for evaluating image matching quality. A method is presented which uses the technique of tests of hypotheses to determine image matching confidence under a certain testing level. The authors use similarity measurement values to be the statistics. Experimental results with large real images prove the effectiveness of the method to determine image matching confidence.

关键词： Testing image matching Stereo image processing image reconstruction Statistics Navigation Remotely operated vehicles Pattern matching Layout Optimized production technology

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An efficient moving target identification method

An efficient moving target identification method

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IEEE International Conference on Intelligent processing Systems, ICIPS

作者： Nong Shang Tianxu Zhang Jiaxiong Peng Inst. for Pattern Recognition & Artifical Intelligence Huazhong Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Hubei China Institute for pattern Recognition and Artificial intelligence state Education commission Laboratory for Image processing and Intelligent control Huazhong University of Science슠and슠Technology Wuhan Hubei China

ISBN: (纸本)0780342534

Presents an efficient method which uses two neighboring frames in image sequences for target identification. Using statistical information about the background noise and candidate regions' noise after background registration, we can determine those candidate regions that have the same or similar noise distributions to the background's which should be background regions, and those candidate regions that have different noise distributions from the background's which should be the target region. In particular, when there is only one target in the image, we can simply determine that the candidate region whose noise distribution is most different from the background's is the true target.

关键词： Background noise image sequences

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Joint Scene and signal Modeling for Wavelet-Based Video Coding with Cellular Neural Network Architecture

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Journal of VLSI signal processing Systems for signal, image, and Video technology 1997年第2-3期17卷 201-214页

作者： Chen, Chang Wen Luo, Jiebo Chen, Lulin Parker, Kevin J. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Missouri - Columbia Columbia MO 65211 United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627-0231 United States Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China China University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States Sign. and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Coordinated Science Laboratory Beckman Institute University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL United States Natl. Ctr. Supercomputing Applic. Champaign IL United States Visualization Serv. and Devmt. Group United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Rochester United States Imaging Science Research Labs. United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Missouri Columbia MO United States IEEE SPIE Tau Beta Pi United States Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China Hefei China University of Rochester NY United States Image Processing Laboratory NSF Ctr. for Electron. Imaging Syst. University of Rochester United States Joseph C. Wilson Ctr. for Technology Xerox Corporation Webster NY United States Imaging Sci. Technology Laboratory Eastman Kodak Imaging Res. Adv. D. Rochester NY United States IEEE SPIE United States East China Normal University China Shanghai Inst. of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institute of Industrial Sciences University of Tokyo Japan SUNY Buffalo United States MIT United States Dept. of Elec. Eng. and Radiology Natl. Inst. of Gen. Medical Sciences United States IEEE Sonics Ultrasonics Symposium T. IEEE Acoustical Society of America Amer. Inst. of Ultrasound in Med. United States

This paper presents a joint scene and signal modeling for the design of an adaptive quantization scheme applied to the wavelet coefficients in subband video coding applications. The joint modeling includes two integrated components: the scene modeling characterized by the neighborhood binding with Gibbs random field and the signal modeling characterized by the matching of the wavelet coefficient distribution. With this joint modeling, the quantization becomes adaptive to not only wavelet coefficient signal distribution but also the prominent image scene structures. The proposed quantization scheme based on the joint scene and signal modeling is accomplished through adaptive clustering with spatial neighborhood constraints. Such spatial constraint allows the quantization to shift its bit allocation, if necessary, to those perceptually more important coefficients so that the preservation of scene structure can be achieved. This joint modeling enables the quantization to reach beyond the limit of the traditional statistical signal modeling-based approaches which often lack scene adaptivity. Furthermore, the dynamically enforced spatial constraints of the Gibbs random field are able to overcome the shortcomings of the artificial block division which are usually the major source of distortion when the video is coded by block-based approaches at low bit rate. In addition, we introduce a cellular neural network architecture for the hardware implementation of this proposed adaptive quantization. We prove that this cellular neural network does converge to the desired steady state with the suggested update scheme. The adaptive quantization scheme based on the joint scene and signal modeling has been successfully applied to videoconferencing application and very favorable results have been obtained. We believe that this joint modeling-based video coding will have an impact on many other applications because it is able to simultaneously perform signal adaptive and scene adaptiv

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