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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： D.M. Costantini C.J. van den Branden Lambrecht G.L. Sicuranza M. Kunt Image Processing Laboratory DEEI Università degli Stndi di Trieste Trieste Italy Signal Processing Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland

This article addresses duality assessment of motion rendition in digital video coding. Motion estimation and compensation are critical modules in video coders. A computational metric, based on a spatio-temporal model of the human visual system and of human motion sensing, is proposed and used to evaluate MPEG-2 compressed video. The metric is able to assess the quality of motion rendition and exhibits a good correlation with subjective data.

关键词： Humans Frequency Motion estimation Video compression Transform coding Digital systems System testing Laboratories Quality assessment Video coding

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A Bayesian approach to PET reconstruction using image-modeling Gibbs priors: implementation and comparison

A Bayesian approach to PET reconstruction using image-modeli...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： M.T. Chan G.T. Herman E. Levitan Rockwell International Science Center Camino CA USA Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

The authors demonstrate that (i) classical methods of image reconstruction from projections can be improved upon by considering the output of such a method as a distorted version of the original image and applying a Bayesian approach to estimate from it the original image (based on a model of distortion and on a Gibbs distribution as the prior) and (ii) by selecting an "image-modeling" prior distribution (i.e., one which is such that it is likely that a random sample from it shares important characteristics of the images of the application area) one can improve over another Gibbs prior formulated using only pairwise interactions. The authors illustrate their approach using simulated Positron Emission Tomography (PET) data from realistic brain phantoms. Since algorithm performance ultimately depends on the diagnostic task being performed. The authors examine a number of different medically relevant figures of merit to give a fair comparison. Based on a training-and-testing evaluation strategy, the authors demonstrate that statistically significant improvements can be obtained using the proposed approach.

关键词： Bayesian methods Positron emission tomography image reconstruction Biomedical imaging Medical diagnostic imaging Smoothing methods Pixel signal processing image processing Radiology

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Fundamental theory of natural observation method with complete reconstruction property by finite sum - Natural observation theory of normal type

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART III-FUNDAMENTAL ELECTRONIC science 1996年第11期79卷 84-96页

作者： Iijima, T Iwaki, M Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa Japan 923-12 Taim Iijima received his B.E. degree in Electrical Engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1948 and joined the Electrotechnical Laboratory. He received his Ph.D. degree in 1957. He was involved in research on electromagnetic theory pattern recognition theory image processing speech recoption and OCR research development. He became Chief of Densoken Iijima Special Research Group and then Professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1972. He was Professor Emeritus in 1986 Professor at Tokyo Engineering University in 1986 Professor Emeritus in 1993 Professor at the Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in 1993 Vice President of the Institute in 1994 Editinghvestigation/General Affairs Secretary Inspector Councilor Chairman of Pattern Recognition Research Committee Head of Tokyo Region Vice President at I.E.I.C.E. Japan and became Honorary Member in 1993. He received the Paper Award four times Authorship Award once Achievement Award in 1976 Meritorious Award in 1989 and the Purple-Ribbon Prize in 1989.

A theory of natural observation methods was originally formulated for two complementary systems: neighboring type and equilibrium type. This paper introduces a new system, normal-type system, that is different from the forementioned two types. One characteristic feature of the normal-type natural observation method is its ability to reconstruct an original waveform from the sum of a finite number of observation values. The natural observation theory of a normal type evolves naturally under the condition that a waveform and its power component can be expressed in the sum form. These meanings are discussed by comparing a frequency response of the normal-type natural observation transform with that of a conventional filter bank. Furthermore, a criterion for determining observation parameters in order to realize the natural observation of normal type under a given tolerance of error is described. It is believed that the proposed theory offers new insights into systematization of the natural observation theory.

关键词： natural observation method neighboring type equilibrium type normal type

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Partially adaptive radar signal processing: The cross-spectral approach 29

Partially adaptive radar signal processing: The cross-spectr...

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29th Asilomar Conference on signals, Systems and Computers, ACSSC 1995

作者： Goldstein, J. Scott Kogon, Stephen M. Reed, Irving S. Williams, Douglas B. Holder, E. Jeff USAF Rome Laboratory RL/C3BA 525 Brooks Rd. Grifilss AFBNY13441-4505 United States Statistical Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089-2565 United States Digital Signal Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818673702

This paper is concerned with reducing the rank of the adaptive weight vector in radar array signal processing. The motivation for reducing the rank is that modern space-time processing requires many more weights than can be supported on airborne and spacesegment platforms. The loss incurred in partially adaptive radar processing is that the steady-state Wiener solution of the lower rank weight vector may not perform as well as the full rank solution. Hence, this paper will be concerned with the Wiener solution of partially adaptive radar arrays and compare the performance of principal component techniques with the recently developed crossspectral technique. © 1996 IEEE.

关键词： Array processing

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Partially adaptive radar signal processing: the cross-spectral approach

Partially adaptive radar signal processing: the cross-spectr...

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Asilomar Conference on signals, Systems & Computers

作者： J.S. Goldstein S.M. Kogon I.S. Reed D.B. Willisms E.J. Holder USAF Rome Laboratory NY USA Statistical Signal and Image Processing LaboratoryDepartment of Electriical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Digital Signal Processing LaboratorySchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

This paper is concerned with reducing the rank of the adaptive weight vector in radar array signal processing. The motivation for reducing the rank is that modern space-time processing requires many more weights than can be supported on airborne and space-segment platforms. The loss incurred in partially adaptive radar processing is that the steady-state Wiener solution of the lower rank weight vector may not perform as well as the full rank solution. Hence, this paper examines the Wiener solution of partially adaptive radar arrays and compares the performance of principal component techniques with the cross-spectral technique.

关键词： Radar signal processing Laboratories Adaptive arrays Space technology Steady-state Computational complexity Adaptive filters signal to noise ratio signal processing algorithms Contracts

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Instrumentation for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) prototype Pacific Ocean network

Instrumentation for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climat...

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OCEANS

作者： B.M. Howe S.G. Anderson A. Baggeroer J.A. Colosi K.R. Hardy D. Horwitt F.W. Karig S. Leach J.A. Mercer K. Metzger L.O. Olson D.A. Peckham D.A. Reddaway R.R. Ryan R.P. Stein K. von der Heydt J.D. Watson S.L. Weslander P.F. Worcester Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle WA USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Seattle WA USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Communications and Signal Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Seattle WA USA Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Woods Hole MA USA

The prototype Pacific Ocean network for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) program consists of two shore-cabled acoustic sources, two autonomous vertical hydrophone receiving arrays, and 16 U.S. Navy hydrophone arrays. The sources, receivers, and signaling strategy are designed to be capable of up to 10-megameter transmissions on a routine basis. A new broadband, low-frequency (75 Hz), acoustic source was designed and built by Alliant Techsystems. The bender-bar/barrel-stave transducer is pressure compensated for operation to 1000-m depth. signal waveform shaping is employed to broaden the effective bandwidth of the source to 37.5 Hz (Q=2; time resolution of 27 ms). Four-element vertical hydrophone arrays are attached to the sources to permit reciprocal transmissions and ambient noise monitoring. Autonomous vertical hydrophone arrays consisting of 40 elements at 35-m spacing (1400-m aperture) were developed to resolve low-order acoustic modes. The autonomous arrays are designed for deployments of up to 1 year, with intermediate readout of the data via ship-recoverable pop-up data modules. The U.S. Navy hydrophone arrays were instrumented with 80486-based data acquisition and processing systems, with communications links for transmitting the data in near real time to a central site for further processing and archiving.

关键词： Instruments Oceans Sonar equipment Acoustic arrays Prototypes signal design Acoustic transducers Bandwidth signal resolution Acoustic noise

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Parametric analysis of weighted order statistic filters

Parametric analysis of weighted order statistic filters

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： R. Yang M. Gabbouj Pao-Ta Yu Nokia Research Center Tampere Finland Signal Processing Laboratory Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Taiwan

In this paper, we study the convergence properties of weighted order statistic filters. Weighted order statistics filters are divided into five categories making their convergence properties easily understand. It is shown that any symmetric weighted order statistics filters will make the input sequence converge to a root or oscillate in a cycle of period 2. This result is significant since a restriction posed by earlier research is eliminated making the result applicable for the whole class of symmetric weighted order statistics filters. A condition to guarantee convergence of symmetric weighted order statistics filters is derived.< >

关键词： Parametric statistics Statistical analysis Filters Convergence Logic functions Boolean functions signal processing Laboratories Computer science Information filtering

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An investigation of CDMA overlays for FDMA satellite communications systems

An investigation of CDMA overlays for FDMA satellite communi...

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International Conference on Universal Personal Communications

作者： L.P. Sabel J.R. McCarthy R.M. Stitt D.E. Gossink M. Rice Defence Communications Research Centre Signal Processing Research Institute University of Australia Levels SA Australia Communication Division Electronics Research Laboratory Defence Science and Technology Organisation Salisbury SA Australia

This paper describes a current program of work which involves the investigation of the effectiveness of CDMA systems overlaid on FDMA communications systems. It includes the reasons for using an overlay system, the BER analysis methodology, the effects of coding and synchronisation, regulatory issues and a description of the hardware testbed used for analysis verification.< >

关键词： Multiaccess communication Frequency division multiaccess Satellite communication Bandwidth Interference Transponders Jamming Australia Bit error rate Hardware

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On the BER performance of digital demodulators using fixed point FIR interpolators

On the BER performance of digital demodulators using fixed p...

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International Conference on Universal Personal Communications

作者： L.P. Sabel Defense Communications Research Centre Signal Processing Research Institute University of South Australia Ingle Farm SA Australia Communications Division Electronics Research Laboratory Defence Science and Technology Organisation SA Australia

Due to their rapid acquisition performance, feedforward symbol timing estimation techniques are advantageous in digital demodulators used for packet based communications systems and communications systems which suffer from fading phenomena. When feedforward symbol timing estimation is used in a demodulator which is implemented using digital techniques, feedforward interpolation is required to re-sample the received signal at the estimated location of the symbol centre. This paper presents results on the effect of the performance of the interpolator, or fractional sample delayer, on the bit error rate (BER) of the digital demodulator. Emphasis is placed on the effect of finite precision arithmetic. Results are presented which describe the effects of the quantiser transfer function and the number of bits used to represent the signal and filter tap values.< >

关键词： Bit error rate Demodulation Finite impulse response filter Timing Interpolation Digital signal processing Digital filters Modems Feedback Quantization

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Combinatorial pattern discovery for scientific data: some preliminary results 94

Combinatorial pattern discovery for scientific data: some pr...

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Proceedings of the 1994 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data

作者： Jason Tsong-Li Wang Gung-Wei Chirn Thomas G. Marr Bruce Shapiro Dennis Shasha Kaizhong Zhang Computer and Information Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 100 Bungtown Rodad Cold Spring Harbor NY Image Processing Section Laboratory of Mathematical Biology Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University 251 Mercer Street New York NY Department of Computer Science The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada N6A 5B7

ISBN: (纸本)9780897916394

Suppose you are given a set of natural entities (e.g., proteins, organisms, weather patterns, etc.) that possess some important common externally observable properties. You also have a structural description of the entities (e.g., sequence, topological, or geometrical data) and a distance metric. Combinatorial pattern discovery is the activity of finding patterns in the structural data that might explain these common properties based on the *** paper presents an example of combinatorial pattern discovery: the discovery of patterns in protein databases. The structural representation we consider are strings and the distance metric is string edit distance permitting variable length don't cares. Our techniques incorporate string matching algorithms and novel heuristics for discovery and optimization, most of which generalize to other combinatorial structures. Experimental results of applying the techniques to both generated data and functionally related protein families obtained from the Cold Spring Harbor laboratory show the effectiveness of the proposed techniques. When we apply the discovered patterns to perform protein classification, they give information that is complementary to the best protein classifier available today.

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