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2021 CIE International Conference on Radar, Radar 2021

作者： Zhang, Xiaoyu Tao, Haihong Xue, Junqi Xie, Jian Li, Jianpu Ma, Huihui Xidian University National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xi'an China State Administration of Science Technology and Industry for National Defence Beijing China School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute Shanghai China Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498142

Covariance matrix fitting is a classic problem in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, but there has been little discussion about wideband signals. In this paper, a novel wideband DOA estimation method based on covariance matrix fitting is developed. First of all, a novel wideband signal model is proposed and the wideband joint covariance matrix is formulated. The fitting criterion is deduced by the statistical characteristics of this model. Then the optimization problem of the criterion is transformed into a block sparsity problem using Holder's inequality. The problem can be divided into two subproblems and the closed-form solution of each part is obtained by dual method. The result of our wideband estimator can be solved by alternating iteration. Finally, the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is derived for wideband signals. Compared with other algorithms, the presented estimator has higher accuracy. Simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： covariance matrix fitting direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation group sparsity wideband signal

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Flow Visualization for Complex Fluid Flows via A Structure-enhanced Motion Estimator

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Chen, Jun Wang, He Hao, Zhifeng Cai, Zemin Mei, Ling Foshan University School of Industrial Design and Ceramic Art Foshan528000 China Foshan University school of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan528231 China Shantou University College of Science Department of Mathematics Guangdong 515063 China Shantou University Department of Electronic Engineering Guangdong Shantou515063 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Signal and Image Processing Techniques Guangdong Shantou515063 China Wuhan University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering 430081 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation 430074 China Western Michigan University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering KalamazooMI49008 United States

Flow visualization through motion estimation using time-sequenced images plays a significant role in analyzing and understanding complex flow phenomena, and it is widely used in meteorology, oceanography, medicine, astronomy, experimental fluid mechanics, etc. However, it is difficult for current motion estimators to adapt to illumination changes, remove instable perturbation, and capture diverse motion patterns. In this paper, a novel flow visualization tool is developed to address these issues by employing a structure-enhanced motion estimator composed of a data term and a regularization term. Specifically, a statistical correlation descriptor is designed for the data term to improve the accuracy of motion estimation by enhancing both illumination robustness and matching discrimination. Inspired by the strong distinguishability of a structure-texture distribution in a local window, a structure-enhanced regularizer that considers the physical mechanism of fluid diffusion is introduced to capture different motion patterns, enhance prominent flow structures, and remove unnecessary ripples or textures caused by instable perturbation or noise. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms current motion estimators in handling illumination changes and predicting complex fluid flows, and it also achieves state-of-the-art evaluation results on the public fluid flow datasets. Furthermore, the designed flow visualization tool successfully captures diverse motion patterns in Jupiter’s White Ovals, which is crucial for understanding the physical mechanisms behind their formation and sustenance. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Unsupervised Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentation for Surgical Instruments Leveraging Dropout-Enhanced Dual Heads and Coarse-Grained Classification Branch

IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics

引用

IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics 2025年

作者： Li, Ziqian Wang, Zhengyu Xu, Xinzhou Chen, Yongfa Schuller, Bjorn W. Hefei University of Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei China Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Internet of Things Nanjing China Graz University of Technology Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory Graz Austria Chair of Health Informatics Munich Germany Munich Data Science Institute Munich Germany Munich Center for Machine Learning Munich Germany Imperial College London GLAM – the Group on Language Audio and Music London United Kingdom

Accurate semantic segmentation for surgical instruments is crucial in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery, mainly regarded as a core module in surgical-instrument tracking and operation guidance. Nevertheless, it is usually difficult for existing semantic surgical-instrument segmentation approaches to adapt to unknown surgical scenes, particularly due to their insufficient consideration for reducing the domain gaps across different scenes. To address this issue, we propose an unsupervised domain-adaptive semantic segmentation approach for surgical instruments, leveraging Dropout-enhanced Dual Heads and Coarse-Grained classification branch (D2HCG). The proposed approach comprises dropout-enhanced dual heads for diverse feature representation, and a coarse-grained classification branch for capturing complexities across varying granularities. This incorporates consistency loss functions targeting fine-grained features and coarse-grained granularities, aiming to reduce crossscene domain gaps. Afterwards, we perform experiments in crossscene surgical-instrument semantic segmentation cases, with the experimental results reporting the effectiveness for the proposed approach, compared with state-of-the-art semantic segmentation ones. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： coarse-grained classification dropout enhancement Surgical instruments unsupervised domain-adaptive semantic segmentation

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CRSOT: Cross-Resolution Object Tracking using Unaligned Frame and Event Cameras

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Yabin Wang, Xiao Li, Chenglong Jiang, Bo Zhu, Lin Huang, Zhixiang Tian, Yonghong Tang, Jin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Anhui University China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Anhui University China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China

Existing datasets for RGB-DVS tracking are collected with DVS346 camera and their resolution (346 × 260) is low for practical applications. Actually, only visible cameras are deployed in many practical systems, and the newly designed neuromorphic cameras may have different resolutions. The latest neuromorphic sensors can output high-definition event streams, but it is very difficult to achieve strict alignment between events and frames on both spatial and temporal views. Therefore, how to achieve accurate tracking with unaligned neuromorphic and visible sensors is a valuable but unresearched problem. In this work, we formally propose the task of object tracking using unaligned neuromorphic and visible cameras. We build the first unaligned frame-event dataset CRSOT collected with a specially built data acquisition system, which contains 1,030 high-definition RGB-Event video pairs, 304,974 video frames. In addition, we propose a novel unaligned object tracking framework that can realize robust tracking even using the loosely aligned RGB-Event data. Specifically, we extract the template and search regions of RGB and Event data and feed them into a unified ViT backbone for feature embedding. Then, we propose uncertainty perception modules to encode the RGB and Event features, respectively, then, we propose a modality uncertainty fusion module to aggregate the two modalities. These three branches are jointly optimized in the training phase. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our tracker can collaborate the dual modalities for high-performance track- Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Promptable Representation Distribution Learning and Data Augmentation for Gigapixel Histopathology WSI Analysis 39

Promptable Representation Distribution Learning and Data Aug...

引用

39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Tang, Kunming Jiang, Zhiguo Shi, Jun Wang, Wei Wu, Haibo Zheng, Yushan Beijing Advanced Innovation Center on Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University China Image Processing Center School of Astronautics Beihang University China Tianmushan Laboratory China School of Software Hefei University of Technology China Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC China Intelligent Pathology Institute Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Gigapixel image analysis, particularly for whole slide images (WSIs), often relies on multiple instance learning (MIL). Under the paradigm of MIL, patch image representations are extracted and then fixed during the training of the MIL classifiers for efficiency consideration. However, the invariance of representations makes it difficult to perform data augmentation for WSI-level model training, which significantly limits the performance of the downstream WSI analysis. The current data augmentation methods for gigapixel images either introduce additional computational costs or result in a loss of semantic information, which is hard to meet the requirements for efficiency and stability needed for WSI model training. In this paper, we propose a Promptable Representation Distribution Learning framework (PRDL) for both patch-level representation learning and WSI-level data augmentation. Meanwhile, we explore the use of prompts to guide data augmentation in feature space, which achieves promptable data augmentation for training robust WSI-level models. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method stably outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Labeled data

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Iterative Gaussian-Laplacian Pyramid Network for Hyperspectral image Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2024年 62卷 1-22页

作者： Chang, Chein-I Liang, Chia-Chen Hu, Peter Fuming Information and Technology College Dalian116026 China University of Maryland Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering BaltimoreMD21250 United States National Cheng Kung University Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan70101 Taiwan University of Maryland School of Medicine R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center Shock Trauma Anesthesia Organized Research Center Department of Anesthesia BaltimoreMD21201 United States

Gaussian pyramid (GP) is a commonly used image coding technique that encodes an image as a pyramid that is stacked by a set of images with Gaussian window-reduced sizes and multiple spatial resolutions. Associated with GP, a Laplacian pyramid (LP) can be also constructed to represent differential images between images in two consecutive layers of GP. Such resulting Gaussian-Laplacian pyramid (GLP) performs data compression in a lossless and lossy manner. A convolutional neural network (CNN) consists of a series of layers concatenated in a feedforward manner where each layer has a convolutional sublayer (CL) and a pooling sublayer (PL). Interestingly, each layer implemented by CL and PL in a CNN can be realized by a single layer in GP in the sense that CL and PL can be carried out by a low-pass Gaussian filter operated as a Gaussian kernel in a single layer of GP. This article develops a new approach to hyperspectral image classification (HSIC), called the GLP network (GLPN), which uses not only GP to realize CNN but also LP to capture differential information between two consecutive layers that CNN cannot. Furthermore, by incorporating an iterative process into GLPN, we can derive an iterative GLPN (IGLPN) that can be considered a companion of a recently developed iterative random training sampling CNN (IRTS-CNN) by replacing CNN with GLPN. Since GLPN can realize CNN in a better way, it is expected that IGLPN will perform better than IRTS-CNN and also significantly reduce computational efficiency compared to IRTS-CNN. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Band Sampling of Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection in Effective Anomaly Space

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2024年 62卷 1-29页

作者： Chang, Chein-I Lin, Chien-Yu Hu, Peter Fuming Information and Technology College Dalian116026 China University of Maryland Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering BaltimoreMD21250 United States National Cheng Kung University Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan70101 Taiwan University of Maryland School of Medicine R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center Shock Trauma Anesthesia Organized Research Center Department of Anesthesia BaltimoreMD21201 United States

This article investigates four issues, background (BKG) suppression (BS), anomaly detectability, noise effect, and interband correlation reduction (IBCR), which have significant impacts on its performance. Despite that a recently developed effective anomaly space (EAS) was designed to use data sphering (DS) to remove the second-order data statistics characterized by BKG, enhance anomaly detectability, and reduce noise effect, it does not address the IBCR issue. To cope with this issue, this article introduces band sampling (BSam) into EAS to reduce IBCR and further suppress BKG more effectively. By implementing EAS in conjunction with BSam (EAS-BSam), these four issues can be resolved altogether for any arbitrary anomaly detector. It first modifies iterative spectral-spatial hyperspectral anomaly detection (ISSHAD) to develop a new variant of ISSHAD, called iterative spectral-spatial maximal map (ISSMax), and then generalizes ISSMax to EAS-ISSMax, which further enhances anomaly detectability and noise removal. Finally, EAS-BSam is implemented to reduce IBCR. As a result, combining EAS, BSam, and ISSMax yields four versions: EAS-BSam, EAS-ISSMax, BSam-SSMAX, and EAS-BSam-SSMax. Such integration presents a great challenge because all these four versions are derived from different aspects, iterative spectral-spatial feedback process, compressive sensing, and low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition. Experiments demonstrate that EAS-BSam and EAS-BSam-SSMax show their superiority to ISSHAD and many current existing hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD) methods. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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A Dynamic Transformer Network for Vehicle Detection

引用

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Tian, Chunwei Liu, Kai Zhang, Bob Huang, Zhixiang Lin, Chia-Wen Zhang, David Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin15001 China Macao Special Administrative Region of China PAMI Research Group University of Macau 999078 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing Hefei230601 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu Taiwan School of Data Science Shenzhen518172 China

Stable consumer electronic systems can assist traffic better. Good traffic consumer electronic systems require collaborative work between traffic algorithms and hardware. However, performance of popular traffic algorithms containing vehicle detection methods based on deep networks via learning data relation rather than learning differences in different lighting and occlusions is limited. In this paper, we present a dynamic Transformer network for vehicle detection (DTNet). DTNet utilizes a dynamic convolution to guide a deep network to dynamically generate weights to enhance adaptability of an obtained detector. Taking into relations of different information account, a mixed attention mechanism based channel attention and Transformer is exploited to strengthen relations of channels and pixels to extract more salient information for vehicle detection. To overcome the drawback of difference in an image account, a translation-variant convolution relies on spatial location information to refine obtained structural information for vehicle detection. Experimental results illustrate that our DTNet is competitive for vehicle detection. Code of the proposed DTNet can be obtained at https://***/hellloxiaotian/DTNet. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamic convolution Hybrid Attention Mechanism Transformer Vehicle Detection

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Few-Shot Medical image Segmentation with High-Fidelity Prototypes

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Song Yan, Shaxu Qi, Xiaozhi Gao, Jianxin Ye, Mao Zhang, Jianwei Zhu, Xiatian IMI Group School of Health Sciences and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China TAMS Group Department of Informatics Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Surrey Institute for People-Centred Artificial Intelligence Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing University of Surrey Guildford United Kingdom Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Robotics and System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Few-shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) aims to adapt a pretrained model to new classes with as few as a single labelled training sample per class. Despite the prototype based approaches have achieved substantial success, existing models are limited to the imaging scenarios with considerably distinct objects and not highly complex background, e.g., natural images. This makes such models suboptimal for medical imaging with both conditions invalid. To address this problem, we propose a novel Detail Self-refined Prototype Network (DSPNet) to constructing high-fidelity prototypes representing the object foreground and the background more comprehensively. Specifically, to construct global semantics while maintaining the captured detail semantics, we learn the foreground prototypes by modelling the multi-modal structures with clustering and then fusing each in a channel-wise manner. Considering that the background often has no apparent semantic relation in the spatial dimensions, we integrate channel-specific structural information under sparse channel-aware regulation. Extensive experiments on three challenging medical image benchmarks show the superiority of DSPNet over previous state-of-the-art methods. The code and data are available at https://***/tntek/DSPNet. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A novel correlation-hypothesis based single channel method for land surface temperature retrieval with reduced atmospheric dependency

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Remote Sensing of Environment 2025年 327卷

作者： Li, Xiu-Juan Wu, Hua Li, Zhao-Liang Sobrino, José Antonio Zhang, Xing-Xing Cheng, Yuan-Liang School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu611731 China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing100081 China Global Change Unit Image Processing Laboratory University of Valencia Valencia 46980 Spain

As one of the critical parameters in the land-atmosphere exchange processes, land surface temperature (LST) plays an essential role in various domains, such as climate change, urban heat island effect, disaster monitoring, and evaporation retrieval. Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is one of the main approaches to obtaining LST on a large scale. For the sensors with only one TIR channel, the single-channel (SC) methods are commonly and effectively used to retrieve LST, as they are most suitable under such limitations. However, atmospheric correction is essential for the SC methods, which involves significant uncertainty and complexity. To reduce the atmospheric dependency of SC methods, this study proposes a Correlation-Hypothesis based Single-Channel (CH-SC) method to retrieve LST. In this method, the LST can be retrieved using the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) brightness temperature from a single TIR channel and the LSEs from two virtual adjacent channels, while atmospheric water vapor content (WVC) is used solely to assess atmospheric conditions. Consequently, the CH-SC method exhibits the least sensitive in atmospheric parameter errors compared to existing SC methods. This inherent robustness results in superior stability of retrieval accuracy, enhancing its practicality for real applications. Subsequently, the CH-SC method was applied to Landsat 7 data, alongside the mono-window (MW) method and generalized single-channel (GSC) method. The retrieved LSTs were compared with in-situ measurements for validation. As a result, the CH-SC method exhibited strong performance compared to in-situ measurements, with an RMSE of 2.83 K in SURFRAD sites and 4.02 K in BSRN sites, which was comparable to Landsat 7 LST product (3.15 K at SURFRAD and 4.26 K at BSRN) and outperforming other SC methods. Generally, compared to the existing methods, the proposed method exhibits minimal dependence on atmospheric information while ensuring superior accuracy and stability, even under hig

关键词： Global warming

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