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Dynamic Sparse Graph Learning Jointly With Projective Graph Embedding for Image Feature Extraction

IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第9期25卷 16455-16467页

作者： Hu, Liangchen Dai, Zhenlei Chen, Zhenghua Zhang, Wensheng Hu, Peng Du, Tongchun Luo, Yonglong Anhui Normal University School of Computer and Information Wuhu241002 China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Intelligence Data Security Wuhu241002 China Fusionopolis 138632 Singapore Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Multimodel Artificial Intelligence Systems Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100049 China

In the context of advancing industrial automation, sensor-generated image data often exhibit high dimensionality and complexity, presenting challenges for effective feature extraction. Especially when sensors are deployed in complex and dynamic environments, image data can be affected by various factors, leading to increased noise and thus impacting the performance of feature extraction. To tackle these issues, this article introduces a method combining dynamic sparse graph learning jointly with projective graph embedding for feature extraction from sensor images. Initially, sparse representation learning constructs similarity graphs among the data, pruning unnecessary connections to retain the most pertinent features. Then, projective graph embedding maps the image data into a lower dimensional space, achieving a more concise and discriminative feature representation. These two primary modules in our model form an optimized closed loop, achieving overall optimality. The integrated approach effectively reveals the local manifold structure within the data. Experimental results indicate significant performance enhancements compared to several state-of-the-art methods across multiple benchmark datasets. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph embeddings

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DocHFormer: Document Image Dewarping via Harmonized Modeling of Hierarchical Priors 27th

DocHFormer: Document Image Dewarping via Harmonized Modelin...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Zhou, Xinyue Li, Guanting Jiang, Nanfeng Wang, Da-Han Zhang, Xu-Yao Zhu, ShunZhi School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Document Image Dewarping (DID) task aims to address the issue of geometry distortion and improve image quality. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective method, named DocHFormer, that can take hierarchical priors features of images, including document image mask and coordinate positions, as additional information to realize accurate representation. To better exploit these fused information for dewarping, we take them into a harmonized space random shuffle operation, which can stochastically rearrange the pixels across spatial space and further use inverse operation to recover the original order. This way can adapt to allocate each feature pixel with equal probability and thus make full use of multi-type features. Furthermore, we introduce this mechanism into local self-attention to use linear complexity to input resolution and also design a new feed-forward network with structural modeling to boost representation. With the help of the above components, our proposed DocHFormer can achieve competitive performance with lower complexity and also outperform the existing state-of-the-art on several popular datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Document Image Shadow Removal via Frequency information-Oriented Network 27th

Document Image Shadow Removal via Frequency Information-Ori...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Yang, Fan Zhou, Xinyue Jiang, Nanfeng Wang, Da-Han Zhang, Xu-Yao Li, Guantin Man, Wang Wu, Yun School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Removing shadows from document images can significantly improve the Quality of Experience (QoE) and boost the performance of the downstream document analysis and recognition tasks. However, existing methods still have limited generalization ability on complex document images and are prone to disrupt the image details. To address this issue, we consider the different shadow types that impact the image content on different frequency sub-bands. This motivates us to exploit frequency-domain information and further design a Frequency information-oriented Deshadow Network (FID-Net). The proposed FID-Net mainly uses two elaborated modules, named Frequency Feature Extractor (FFE) and a Frequency Feature Refinement (FFR). FFE can generate low/high-frequency features through adaptively decomposing spectra of the shadow image. After that, FFR further refines both frequency features with mutual information operations. With the proposed key designs, extensive experimental results on the commonly used benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed method can learn discriminative shadows and achieve favorable performance against state-of-the-art approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Learning Explicit Radical Representations for Zero-Shot Chinese Character Recognition 27th

Learning Explicit Radical Representations for Zero-Shot Chin...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Pan, Song-Liang Wang, Da-Han Jiang, Nanfeng Zhang, Xu-Yao Zhu, Shunzhi School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Zero-shot Chinese character recognition (ZSCCR) aims to recognize unseen Chinese characters by learning the semantic knowledge of seen characters. Radical-based methods treat Chinese characters as combinations of radicals, recognizing characters by predicting the radicals in the images. Existing radical-based methods have a closed radical parsing process that cannot be intervened in mid-course, relying only on semantic labels for constraints. However, semantic embedding vectors are usually manually designed and lack alignment with visual features, making it extremely difficult for the model to learn and locate discriminative radical representations from visual features. This paper proposes a ZSCCR network called Learning Explicit Radical Representations (LERRNet). LERRNet introduces learnable attribute hint vectors to guide the model in locating discriminative radicals and learning explicit representations of images. Specifically, we introduce a Radical Relevance Enhanced Encoder (RREE) to enhance the correlation of local radicals by augmenting the relationships between grid regions in visual features. Guided by attribute hint vectors, LERRNet employs a Radical Representation Decoder (RRD) to locate the most relevant regions of each radical in the given image and learn explicit radical representations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that LERRNet outperforms state-of-the-art radical/stroke-based methods across three ZSCCR benchmarks. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Cost-Optimized Task Offloading for Dependent Applications in Collaborative Edge and Cloud Computing

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12975-12988页

作者： Yuan, Haitao Hu, Qinglong Wang, Shen Bi, Jing Buyya, Rajkumar Lu, Jinhu Yang, Jinhong Zhang, Jia Zhou, MengChu Beihang University School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Kowloon Tong Hong Kong Beijing University of Technology School of Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Beijing100124 China Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems MelbourneVIC3010 Australia CSSC Systems Engineering Research Institute Beijing100036 China Southern Methodist University Lyle School of Engineering Department of Computer Science DallasTX75205 United States New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NewarkNJ07102 United States

A collaborative system that includes mobile devices (MDs), edge nodes (ENs), and the cloud is needed where ENs at the network edge can run offloaded tasks of MDs with limited resources and energy for timely processing for latency-sensitive applications. Unlike existing studies, we formulate a total cost minimization problem for the system for applications, which can be divided into several interdependent subtasks. Each subtask can be executed in MDs, ENs, and the cloud. This work formulates a mixed-integer nonlinear program to minimize the total system cost. To address it, a novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm called Genetic Simulated-annealing-based Particle swarm optimization with Auto-Encoder (GSPAE) is proposed, which innovatively combines feature extraction of deep learning and global search of meta-heuristic optimization. Genetic operations provide diverse solutions, the Metropolis acceptance of annealing offers a robust global search, and autoencoders (AEs) extract distribution characteristics of particles toward high-quality regions for fast convergence. Thus, GSPAE optimizes the associations between ENs and MDs and the scheduling of subtasks among MDs, ENs, and the cloud. Experiments with large-scale Google cluster datasets show that compared to state-of-the-art benchmark methods, GSPAE reduces the total cost by at least 17% while strictly meeting limits of application latency, available energy, computing, and communication resources of ENs and MDs. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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SANS: Spatial-Aware Neural Solver for Plane Geometry Problem 27th

SANS: Spatial-Aware Neural Solver for Plane Geometry Proble...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Lin, Zi-Hao Xiao, Shun-Xin Chen, Zi-Rong Li, Jian-Min Wang, Da-Han Zhang, Xu-Yao School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Geometry problem solving (GPS) is an important research direction in artificial intelligence. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of neural solvers in GPS. However, they are deficiencies in accurately representing spatial relationships of geometric primitives within visually rich geometric diagrams. This paper presents a novel neural solver termed spatial-aware neural solver (SANS) that can perceive spatial relationships between geometric primitives. SANS includes two new modules: multimodal dual-branch spatial awareness pre-trained language module and point-primitive spatial-aware attention module. The pre-training module employs a dual-branch visual-textual point-matching strategy to align visual and textual points, and utilizes semantic structure pre-training to model global relationships. Additionally, the point-primitive spatial awareness attention module enhances the model’s ability to perceive spatial relationships between geometric primitives by accounting for the relative positions of points. Experiments show that SANS achieves 81.5 and 74.1 of accuracy on the Geometry3K and PGPS9K datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Semantics

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Brain-Conditional Multimodal Synthesis: A Survey and Taxonomy

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第5期6卷 1080-1099页

作者： Mai, Weijian Zhang, Jian Fang, Pengfei Zhang, Zhijun South China University of Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Southeast University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210096 China South China University of Technology Key Library of Autonomous Systems and Network Control Ministry of Education The School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Institute for Super Robotics Huangpu Guangzhou510555 China Nanchang University Jiangxi Thousand Talents Plan Nanchang330031 China Jishou University College of Computer Science and Engineering Jishou416000 China Guangdong Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory Pazhou Lab Guangzhou510335 China Shaanxi University of Technology Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation School of Mechanical Engineering Hanzhong723001 China Changsha Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Changsha410100 China Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Maoming525000 China

In the era of artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC), conditional multimodal synthesis technologies (e.g., text-to-image) are dynamically reshaping the natural content. Brain signals, serving as potential reflections of how the brain interprets external information, exhibit a distinctive one-to-many correspondence with various external modalities. This correspondence makes brain signals emerge as a promising guiding condition for multimodal synthesis (e.g., image, text, and audio), which is crucial for developing practical brain–computer interface systems and unraveling complex mechanisms underlying human perception. This survey comprehensively examines the emerging field of brain-conditional multimodal synthesis, termed AIGC-brain, to delineate the current landscape and future directions. To begin, related neuroimaging datasets and generative models are introduced as the foundation of AIGC-brain decoding and analysis. Next, we present a comprehensive taxonomy according to AIGC-brain methodologies, followed by task-specific representative work and implementation details to facilitate in-depth comparison and analysis. Quality assessments are then introduced for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Finally, this survey explores insights gained, outlining current challenges and prospects of AIGC-brain. As a pioneering survey, this article paves the way for future advances in AIGC-brain research. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Taxonomies

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OCR4HSV: A Multi-task Learning Approach for Handwritten Signature Verification 27th

OCR4HSV: A Multi-task Learning Approach for Handwritten Sig...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Lin, Chao-Qun Wang, Da-Han Su, Yan-Fei Ge, De-Wu Zhang, Xu-Yao School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen361024 China Xiamen KEYTOP Communication Technology Co. Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Handwritten signature verification (HSV) models are notably recognized for their ability to discern whether a signature is forged in an offline document. Recently, HSV technology has made significant development. However, these methods have primarily focused on the shape features of the text image and overlooked the textual feature information inherent in the text itself, which makes the HSV model overfit. In this paper, we propose a novel network model named OCR4HSV to solve the above shortcomings. The proposed OCR4HSV first attempts to combine OCR and HSV to learn textual features in a multi-task learning manner. The model employs a dual-parameter approach, combining shared parameters and independent parameters. Specifically, Within the shared parameters, the Laplace attention module (LAM) is incorporated for edge information extraction. For independent parameters, CN-Mamba is utilized for sequence feature extraction in OCR, and the multi-scale global fusion block (MGFB) is designed to enhance the distinction between reference and test sample pairs. Leveraging OCR-related information and these architectural enhancements can fully mine the inherent textual feature information and significantly mitigate overfitting in the HSV task, thereby boosting verification accuracy. Our model has achieved state-of-the-art performance on the ChiSig and HanSig datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Multi-task learning

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State Estimation of a Spatial 2-D Linear Diffusion Process With Mobile Sensors

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IEEE Transactions on automation Science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 12024-12032页

作者： Zhang, Xiao-Wei Chen, Kui Wu, Huai-Ning Wang, Jin-Liang Wang, Zi-Peng Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Beijing100124 China Tiangong University School of Control Science and Engineering Tianjin300387 China Beihang University Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Hangzhou311115 China Tiangong University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligence Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin300387 China Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100124 China

This paper studies the state observer design of a spatial two-dimensional (2-D) linear diffusion process described by a linear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) under mobile sensors. Firstly, we analyze the well-posedness of the PDE system and give the structure form of the state observer with mobile sensors. Subsequently, according to the number of mobile sensors, the 2-D space domain is divided into multiple sub-domains, and the mobile sensors are guided by the projection operator method, which can guarantee that the mobile sensors can only move in their respective 2-D sub-domains. Then, in the light of Lyapunov theory, Poincaré-Wirtinger inequality and Barbalat lemma, we propose an observation-plus-guidance design method to ensure the asymptotic stability of the state estimation error system. In the designed mobile strategy, the actual guidance of mobile sensors is essentially a physical synthesis of two direction guidance laws, where two dimensional guidance laws are designed separately. Moreover, the existence condition of the observer is given by linear matrix inequalities. At last, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed design scheme. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Asymptotic stability

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Out-of-Distribution Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Cyber-Physical systems Based on Orthogonal Anchor Clustering With Adaptive Balance

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical systems 2025年 3卷 48-60页

作者： Liu, Ruonan Hu, Puyuan Zhao, Siheng Sun, Zhijian Han, Te Pang, Zhibo Zhang, Weidong Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology Shanghai201108 China Crossocean of Suzhou Technology Suzhou215121 China Beijing Institute of Technology Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research School of Management Beijing100081 China ABB Corporate Research Sweden Department of Automation Technology Vasteras722 26 Sweden KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Intelligent Systems Stockholm114 28 Sweden Henan University Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing School of Computer and Information Engineering Kaifeng475001 China Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China

Given the critical role of rotating machinery in industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPS), ensuring their reliable operation is essential for the stability and safety of ICPS. Deep neural networks have demonstrated competitive results for intelligent fault diagnosis, which are usually trained via the historical data of all fault modes. However, in real engineering, it is usually difficult to collect samples and exhaust all failures during the training stage. As a result, out-of-distribution fault diagnosis (OOD-FD) becomes a more realistic problem that requires the methods to not only accurately diagnose the known faults, but also effectively recognize unknown ones. Therefore, a novel orthogonal anchor clustering with focal attention (FA-OAC) is proposed in this paper for OOD-FD. Firstly, an orthogonal anchor clustering (OAC) algorithm is proposed to fix the class center of each fault mode orthogonally and distinguish the known and unknown faults at the class level. Then, because the identifiability of different fault modes changes a lot in OOD-FD, the focal attention mechanism is applied to dynamically adjust the attention to different fault modes according to the distance loss of OAC, thus addressing the identifiability imbalance problem. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, different OOD-FD tasks are designed based on two rotating machinery datasets. The experimental results and comparison with state-of-the-art fault diagnosis methods have demonstrated that the proposed method has improved the OOD-FD performance greatly and therefore provides an effective tool in real engineering. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Rotating machinery

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