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13th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation and Space for Opening New Horizons

作者： Psarros, A. Kapsalis, S. Dimopoulos, T. Mitridis, D. Terzis, D. Giannakis, E. Panagiotou, P. Savaidis, G. Yakinthos, K. Laboratory of Machine Elements & Machine Design Department of Mechanical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics & Turbomachinery Department of Mechanical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki57001 Greece Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki57001 Greece

The current study focuses on the development of a prototype BWB UAV for highway traffic monitoring by supporting a Cooperative Intelligent Transport System (C-ITS). This system allows the monitoring of traffic conditions at large roads and highways. Having determined the mission requirements and concluded the aerodynamic conceptual and preliminary design phases, high fidelity CFD simulations are performed, aiming to calculate the key aerodynamic and stability characteristics of the platform and to optimize its performance throughout the mission. More specifically, regarding the aerodynamic vehicle design, results concerning the calculation of stability derivatives, control surfaces sizing, trim analysis and flight envelope (V-n diagram) are presented, along with the respective methodologies. Considering the structural design of the aircraft, a combination of layout, FE simulations and parameterized design tools were employed, allowing the design and sizing of the skin and the internal structural parts. The parts are mainly made of composite and additively manufactured nylon materials. Coupled interaction loops are conducted among the aerodynamic and structural analyses to optimize the overall performance of the aerial vehicle, maximizing the aerodynamic efficiency, and reducing the structural weight. Finally, the study is concluded by the presentation of the manufactured prototype of the UAV, which satisfies all the structural, aerodynamic, stability and performance requirements for the established highway traffic monitoring mission. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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Composite armor philosophy(CAP):Holistic design methodology of multi-layered composite protection systems for armored vehicles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第11期41卷 181-197页

作者： Evangelos Ch.Tsirogiannis Foivos Psarommatis Alexandros Prospathopoulos Georgios Savaidis EODH SA Research and Development Department63080LakkomaChalkidikisGreece SIRIUS Department of InformaticsUniversity of OsloGaustadalleen 23B0373OsloNorway Physical Metallurgy Laboratory(PML) Mechanical Engineering DepartmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki54124ThessalonikiGreece Centre for Research&Development of Advanced Materials(CERDAM) Center for Interdisciplinary Research and InnovationBalkan CenterBuilding B’10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road57001ThessalonikiGreece Laboratory of Machine Elements&Machine Design School of Mechanical EngineeringAristotle University of Thessaloniki54124ThessalonikiGreece Digital Representation and Additive Manufacturing(DRAM) Center for Interdisciplinary Research and InnovationBalkan CenterBuilding B’10th kmThessaloniki-Thermi Road57001ThessalonikiGreece

A philosophy for the design of novel,lightweight,multi-layered armor,referred to as Composite Armor Philosophy(CAP),which can adapt to the passive protection of light-,medium-,and heavy-armored vehicles,is presented in this *** can serve as a guiding principle to assist designers in comprehending the distinct roles fulfilled by each *** CAP proposal comprises four functional layers,organized in a suggested hierarchy of *** notable is the inclusion of a ceramic-composite principle,representing an advanced and innovative solution in the field of armor *** paper showcases real-world defense industry applications,offering case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of this advanced *** represents a significant milestone in the history of passive protection,marking an evolutionary leap in the *** philosophical approach provides designers with a powerful toolset with which to enhance the protection capabilities of military vehicles,making them more resilient and better equipped to meet the challenges of modern warfare.

关键词： Passive armor protection Composite armor Ballistic performance Protection systems Vehicle protection Armor design

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Formalizing Selected Mechatronic Component's Constraints in SysML Models 49

Formalizing Selected Mechatronic Component's Constraints in ...

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49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2023

作者： Vogel-Heuser, Birgit Hujo, Dominik Volpert, Marcus Landler, Stefan Otto, Michael Stahl, Karsten Zimmermann, Markus Technical University of Munich Tum School of Engineering and Design Institute of Automation and Information Systems Garching Germany Technical University of Munich Tum School of Engineering and Design Chair of Machine Elements Garching Germany Technical University of Munich Tum School of Engineerring and Design Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design Garching Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331820

One of the limitations of classical SysML is that it does not provide information on how to model system component's constraints, which can result in individual model solutions for the same elements. To address this issue, we propose utilizing the reference mechanism in SysML to refer to REXS and ECLASS data standards, which can unambiguously define characteristic properties. Environmental factors such as temperature or humidity constraints play a vital role in designing components of mechatronic systems, like transmissions, or electrical and electronic components like sensors and actuators. Mechatronic component's properties may change depending on temperature and humidity and may show degradation. Such information is provided to some extent in the component's classified properties, like ECLASS and/or REXS, the engineering tool to configure gears. Such properties and constraints are further detailed in specification sheets provided by the manufacturer, e.g., by multi-dimensional manufacturer-specific parametric curves which are proposed to be explicitly included in the modeling process as SysML constraints. The proposed approach allows to include additional, not yet standardized environmental effects such as dirt layers in a formalized way. The formalized properties are modeled in parametric diagrams of SysML. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Life cycle

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Static Modeling of the Stiffness and Contact Forces of Rolling Element Eccentric Drives for Use in Robotic Drive Systems

Static Modeling of the Stiffness and Contact Forces of Rolli...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Simon Fritsch Stefan Landler Michael Otto Birgit Vogel-Heuser Markus Zimmermann Karsten Stahl Institute of Machine Elements Gear Research Center (FZG) Institute of Automation and Information Systems (AIS) Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design (LPL)

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

Rolling element eccentric drives promise to be an easy-to-manufacture and performant gear system for robotic actuators. They share characteristics with other eccentric drives, such as strain wave and cycloidal drives, but use rolling elements instead of an eccentric gear. They offer reduced manufacturing complexity and costs by using readily available standard parts. Little research into rolling element eccentric drives is available, and their characteristics are still underexplored. This work uses a contact-based model to investigate the previously unknown stiffness of rolling element eccentric drives. Such calculation methods are well established for structurally similar components, such as cycloidal drives and roller bearings, and provide a high-level and computationally efficient model. Good stiffness models are critical for accurately predicting robotic actuator behavior and enabling better control of robotic systems. Additionally, the proposed model is used to calculate the contact forces under load occurring in rolling element eccentric drives. Contact forces are critical to calculating a drive’s load capacity, lifetime, and efficiency and serve as the foundation for further research. The mathematical description of the proposed model is derived, and the stiffness of a representative rolling element eccentric drive is calculated. Different manufacturing techniques, characterized by tolerance levels and material choices, are compared. Irrespective of manufacturing precision, similar stiffness curves result for drives made of steel, but higher contact forces result from less precise manufacturing. The stiffness of drives made from 3D printed plastic is considerably lower than that of drives made from steel. Additionally, the stiffness of rolling element eccentric drives is compared to similar eccentric drives, and a comparable twist-over-torque curve is shown.

关键词： Actuators Gears Computational modeling Three-dimensional printing Mathematical models Manufacturing Steel Standards Load modeling Strain

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Determination of the Characteristics of Gears of Robot-Like Systems by Analytical Description of their Structure

Determination of the Characteristics of Gears of Robot-Like ...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Stefan Landler Raúl Molina Blanco Michael Otto Birgit Vogel-Heuser Markus Zimmermann Karsten Stahl Technical University of Munich Germany TUM School of Engineering and Design Department of Mechanical Engineering Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (MIRMI) Institute of Machine Elements Gear Research Center (FZG) Institute of Automation and Information Systems (AIS) Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design (LPL)

The axes of robots and robot-like systems (RLS) usually include e-motor-gearbox-arrangements for optimal connection of the elements. The characteristics of the drive system and thus also of the robot depend strongly on the gears. Different gearbox designs are available which differ in stiffness, efficiency and further properties. For an application-optimal design of RLS a uniform documentation and a comparability of gearbox concepts is a decisive factor. The application-optimal design is supported by an interdisciplinary approach between mechanical engineering and software design, guided by adequate product development methodology. The quite heterogeneous characterization of gearboxes for RLS which is currently the state of the art is a relevant obstacle in the flexible and optimal design of RLS. The paper shows the analysis of the gear structure with unified symbols for specific machine elements and contact types. The introduced method gives insight into the mechanical structure of the gearboxes. Similarities between gear types can thus be revealed. This also enables the classification of new developments in the state of the art. Moreover, the developed method for analyzing the gear structure can be used to determine the characteristics of gears. Examples for these characteristics are backlash, efficiency or stiffness. Specifically, the stiffness of gears can be synthesized by the force action of individual contacts and the individual phenomena that occur with them. The representation by individual phenomena also makes it possible to extend the calculation to include influencing parameters such as temperature that have not been sufficiently taken into account so far.

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Compatibility Assessment for Interfaces in Drivetrains of Robot-Like Systems

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 232卷 2994-3002页

作者： Marcus Volpert Birgit Vogel-Heuser Dominik Hujo Karsten Stahl Markus Zimmermann Institute of Automation and Information Systems TUM School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Fellow IEEE Core Member of MDSI Member of MIRMI Institute of Machine Elements TUM School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design TUM School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Garching Germany

Due to the complexity of robot-like systems (RLS), new developments are often avoided, and most variants of the systems are designed. The primary determinant of an RLS is its drivetrain, which comprises purchased components, namely the controller, motor driver, motor, and gearbox. Each of these purchased parts has different interfaces that are not standardized. If the interfaces are sufficiently complex, the compatibility of the parts can no longer be guaranteed manually. Therefore, this paper presents a draft ontology that verifies the compatibility of purchased parts in RLS drivetrains. Classes and properties are obtained from expert knowledge, norms, data standards, and data sheets to build an ontology. The ontology design is evaluated using an application example for a motor-gearbox interface.

关键词： robot-like systems interface modeling ontology model-based systems engineering drivetrains

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Formalizing Selected Mechatronic Component's Constraints in SysML Models

Formalizing Selected Mechatronic Component's Constraints in ...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Birgit Vogel-Heuser Dominik Hujo Marcus Volpert Stefan Landler Michael Otto Karsten Stahl Markus Zimmermann Technical University of Munich TUM School of Engineering and Design Institute of Automation and Information Systems Garching Germany Chair of Machine Elements Technical University of Munich TUM School of Engineering and Design Garching Germany Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design Technical University of Munich TUM School of Engineerring and Design Garching Germany

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Additive manufacturing of magnesium and its alloys: process-formabilitymicrostructure-performance relationship and underlying mechanism

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第4期5卷 247-290页

作者： Shang Sui Shuai Guo Dong Ma Can Guo Xiangquan Wu Zhongming Zhang Chunjie Xu Dan Shechtman Sergei Remennik Daniel Safranchik Rimma Lapovok School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710048People’s Republic of China Xi’an Shechtman Nobel Prize New Materials Institute Xi’an 710048People’s Republic of China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy Additive Manufacturing and Precision Forming Xi’anShaanxi 710048People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaochengShandong 252059People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel Center for Nanoscience&Nanotechnology Hebrew University of JerusalemEdmond J.Safra CampusJerusalem 91904Israel Israel Institute of Metals Technion CityHaifa 3200003Israel Institute for Machine Elements Engineering Design and ManufacturingFreiberg 09599Germany Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus Deakin UniversityPigdons RoadGeelongVic 3216Australia

Magnesium and its alloys,as a promising class of materials,is popular in lightweight application and biomedical implants due to their low density and good *** manufacturing(AM)of Mg and its alloys is of growing interest in academia and *** domain-by-domain localized forming characteristics of AM leads to unique microstructures and performances of AM-process Mg and its alloys,which are different from those of traditionally manufactured ***,the intrinsic mechanisms still remain unclear and need to be in-depth ***,this work aims to discuss and analyze the possible underlying mechanisms regarding defect appearance and elimination,microstructure formation and evolution,and performance improvement,based on presenting a comprehensive and systematic review on the relationship between process parameters,forming quality,microstructure characteristics and resultant ***,some key perspectives requiring focus for further progression are highlighted to promote development of AM-processed Mg and its alloys and accelerate their industrialization.

关键词： additive manufacturing magnesium alloys underlying mechanisms forming quality microstructure characteristics and properties

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Fatigue design and testing of automotive stabilizer bars 5

Fatigue design and testing of automotive stabilizer bars

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5th International Conference of Engineering Against Failure, ICEAF-V 2018

作者： Giannakis, Efstratios Sivena, Elli Malikoutsakis, Michail Savaidis, Georgios Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Laboratory of Machine Elements and Machine Design Thessaloniki54124 Greece

Stabilisers are components of the axle suspension system of cars trucks, trains and other moving road vehicles that connect the movement of the two sides of the suspension (right and left) to keep the vehicle levelled. Stabilizers experience bending and torsion at operation. In particular, their arms experience bending while the main body mainly torsional loading. In both cases, the highly stressed area is the surface, where the maximum tensile and shear stresses are acting. High strength steels and special treatments, thermal and/or mechanical, are used for the stabilisers' manufacturing. The present study deals with necessary input data for fatigue life assessments based on the FKM guideline [1]. In addition, fatigue tests are conducted to calculate the stress-life curves of two different manufacturing processes. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

关键词： Fatigue testing

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Current Challenges in the design of Drives for Robot-Like Systems

Current Challenges in the Design of Drives for Robot-Like Sy...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Birgit Vogel-Heuser Markus Zimmermann Karsten Stahl Kathrin Land Felix Ocker Sebastian Rötzer Stefan Landler Michael Otto Institute of Automation and Information Systems Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Institute of Machine Elements Technical University of Munich Garching Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728185262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185279

Companies producing Robot-Like Systems (RLS) must increase efficiency in design and production in order to stay competitive in the international market. Such RLS range from small SCARA robots to entire production facilities. Very different systems for similar tasks are published in research or offered in the market. A clear path to an optimal configuration for a given task is apparently not available to the engineer. This indicates that the gear drives of such RLS and their integration with automation technology are still insufficiently researched, and their efficient design poses significant challenges for the industry. This paper identifies and provides a concise overview of requirements and challenges in the context of drives for such RLS. Building on this overview, suggestions are made for the future course of action in research.

关键词： Industries Service robots Gears Conferences Production facilities Task analysis Cybernetics

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