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OFDM-structure based waveform designs for integrated sensing and communication

science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 267-284页

作者： Jiaqi LIU Ping YANG Ke JIANG Jiarong ZHAO Wei XIANG Jianping WEI Ruixiang DUAN Saviour ZAMMIT Tony Q.S.QUEK National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Meituan Academy of Robotics Department of Communications and Computer Engineering University of Malta Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design

The future sixth-generation(6G) paradigm aims to seamlessly integrate communication and environmental sensing capabilities into a single radio signal, promising improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness through simultaneous data communications and environmental perception. At the core of this evolution, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) and its advanced waveforms emerge as pivotal for integrated sensing and communications(ISAC). This study introduces a concise and unified ISAC waveform design framework based on orthogonal multicarriers. This framework supports versatile applications of OFDM and its derivative waveforms within a generalized ISAC system, marking a significant leap in integrating communication and sensing capabilities. A distinguishing feature of this framework is its adaptability,allowing users to intelligently select modulation strategies based on their specific environmental needs. This adaptability optimizes performance across diverse scenarios. Central to our innovations is the proposal of discrete Fourier transformspread OFDM with index modulation(DFT-S-OFDM-IM). This framework is paired with newly proposed signal processing methods for single-input single-output and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Extensive evaluations highlight DFT-S-OFDM-IM's superiority, including dramatically reduced peak-to-average power ratios(PAPRs), competitive communication performance, and exceptional sensing capabilities, striking an elegant balance between communication capacity and environmental sensing precision.

关键词： DFT-S-OFDM-IM index modulation integrated sensing and communication OFDM

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Mask-guided Multi-scale Spatial-Spectral Transformer for Snapshot Compressive Imaging

Mask-guided Multi-scale Spatial-Spectral Transformer for Sna...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Yin, Heyuan Yang, Jingxiang Liu, Jia Xiao, Liang School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Key Laboratory of Analysis of Mathematical Theory and Modeling of Complex Systems Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Effectively reconstructing 3D hyperspectral images (HSIs) from 2D measurements presents a significant challenge in Coded Aperture Snapshot Spectral Imaging (CASSI) systems. While recent transformers exhibit potential in HSI reconstruction, they often suffer from inadequate exploration of multi-scale spatial-spectral self-similarity, leading to mean effects and information loss. Additionally, these methods struggle with insufficient modeling of the degradation inherent in the compressive imaging process. To address these issues, we propose a novel Mask-guided Multi-scale Spatial-Spectral Transformer (MMSST). Specifically, we introduce a Degradation Aware Mask Attention (DAMA) module to incorporate degradation information of the compressive imaging process. Furthermore, MMSST leverages Local-Regional SpAtial attention (LRSA) and Global-Regional SpEctral attention (GRSE) to effectively exploit multi-scale self-similarity across spatial and spectral dimensions. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our MMSST. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： hyperspectral reconstruction Snapshot Compressive Imaging spatial-spectral transformer

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On the Cycle Structure of Some Nonlinear Feedback Shift Registers

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第4期23卷 801-804页

作者： Zhongxiao Wang Hong Xu Wenfeng Qi State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute Zhengzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

In this paper, we partly determine the cycle structure of two types of Nonlinear feedback shift registers (NFSRs). Based on these results, the cycle structure of a class of NFSRs with symmetric feedback functions can be completely characterized. Furthermore, an alternative proof of Kjeldsen's results is presented. Compared with the original proof based on abstract algebra theory, ours is straightforward and easy to understand.

关键词： Abstract algebra Shift registers Cryptography

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The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Improving Histopathological Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: A Review

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Journal of engineering and science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2025年第2期8卷 020801页

作者： Afifi, Shereen Faragallah, M. Hamdy Taha, Radwa Baig, Mirza Ullah, Ehsan Gholam Hosseini, Hamid Hassanein, Sally I. Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University Cairo11835 Egypt Biochemistry Department Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo11795 Egypt Digital Media and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University Cairo11835 Egypt Digital Front Door Orion Health Auckland1010 New Zealand Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Health New Zealand Te Toka Tumai Auckland1061 New Zealand School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland University of Technology Private Bag 92006 Auckland1142 New Zealand Biochemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology German University Cairo11835 Egypt

This review investigates the effectiveness of exploiting the massive Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in the diagnosis of prostate cancer histopathological images. It focuses on studying and analyzing the current state and practice for utilizing AI tools, including significant machine learning and deep learning models in the histopathological image analysis process. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was adopted for conducting this systematic review to include recent research articles that have been published since 2017. Leveraging novel deep learning models and advanced imaging techniques, AI demonstrates promising capabilities in improving accuracy and efficiency in detecting and classifying prostate cancer. A comprehensive comparison of existing works has been presented with in-depth discussions around current limitations and key challenges while proposing some future advancements. This study aims to pave the way for future research and further integration of AI into the diagnostic processes toward early detection, personalized treatment strategies, and enhanced patient outcomes in the context of a prostate cancer diagnosis. Copyright © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Scalable Hamming Distance Computation Using Accelerated Matrix Transformations

Scalable Hamming Distance Computation Using Accelerated Matr...

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ISC High Performance 2025 Research Paper Proceedings (40th International Conference)

作者： Rabab Alomairy Qinglei Cao Hatem Ltaief David Keyes Alan Edelman Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA Department of Computer Science Saint Louis University USA Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KSA

ISBN: (数字)9783982633619

The Hamming distance, a fundamental measure of dissimilarity between data points, plays a crucial role in various fields, including error detection, machine learning, and genomic sequence alignment, where it is commonly used for identifying mismatches in nucleotide or protein sequences. This work introduces two implementations for computing Hamming distances for sequence alignment: synchronous and asynchronous matrix-based approaches. While most existing implementations rely on vector-based methods due to their simplicity and ease of use, they are not efficient for large-scale data. Our work focuses on enhancing performance by introducing matrix-based implementations that significantly improve computational efficiency and scalability. Our asynchronous implementation showcases Julia for sequential task flow and PaRSEC for parameterized task graph execution models on homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures. CPU computations use INT8 GEMM from oneMKL, while GPU implementations employ Tensor/Matrix Core INT8 GEMM from cuBLAS/hipBLAS and 1-bit TensorOps GEMM capabilities from CUTLASS. For constructing bitmask matrices on GPUs, we develop both a naive CUDA implementation using global memory and an optimized implementation utilizing shared memory at the warp level, with the optimized version achieving a 5X speedup over the naive approach. The results demonstrate significant performance improvements, with the asynchronous matrix-based implementation achieving up to 284X speedup over the vector-based approach on CPUs, while the asynchronous GPU-enabled implementation on A100 GPUs delivers a 15X speedup compared to the CPU matrix-based approach and a three orders of magnitude improvement over the CPU vector-based approach. Furthermore, the asynchronous implementation of PaRSEC scales well on up to 256 nodes of Summit and Frontier. These advancements highlight the scalability and efficiency of matrix-based Hamming distance computation, leveraging GPU acceleration and advan

关键词： Proteins Runtime Scalability Graphics processing units Genomics computer architecture Computational efficiency Hamming distances Resource management Bioinformatics

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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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Mask-guided Multi-scale Spatial-Spectral Transformer for Snapshot Compressive Imaging

Mask-guided Multi-scale Spatial-Spectral Transformer for Sna...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Heyuan Yin Jingxiang Yang Jia Liu Liang Xiao School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Analysis of Mathematical Theory and Modeling of Complex Systems The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

关键词： Degradation Three-dimensional displays Computational modeling Imaging Transformer cores Signal processing Transformers Speech processing Image reconstruction Hyperspectral imaging

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Constructing A Theoretical Model to Bridge Neural Transition with a State Switch in Bipolar Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2025年第1期41卷 181-185页

作者： Xiaonan Guo Lizichen Chen Jianbo Lai Shaohua Hu Department of Psychiatry the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Hangzhou311100China The Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry Hangzhou310003China MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou310003China The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health Hangzhou310003China

Reward or stress,which exists extensively,causes resilient emotional fluctuations under common ***,reward or stress is a typical trigger for manic or depressive episodes of bipolar disorder(BD),which is corroborated by psychological theory,biological findings,and psychosocial treatment approaches[1,2].During an episode of BD,the affective aberration can be persistent and switchable,accompanied by opposite constellations of cognitive and psychomotor *** by uncontrollable mood ranging in severity,duration,and polarity,to disentangle the pathophysiology mechanism of BD is to delineate the mystery of affective fluctuations driven by reward or stress.

关键词： bipolar Transition finding

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Molecular architecture of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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Protein & Cell 2025年第1期16卷 72-78页

作者： Maofei Chen Yutong Song Sensen Zhang Yitang Zhang Xudong Chen Minghui Zhang Meng Han Xin Gao Sai Li Maojun Yang Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen 518060China Protein Research Technology Center Protein Chemistry and Omics PlatformSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Computer Science Program ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Cryo-EM Facility Center Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Beijing Life Science Academy Beijing 102209China

Dear Editor,Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex(PDHc) is a large multienzyme assembly(Mr = 4–10 million Daltons) consisting of three essential components: pyruvate dehydrogenase(E1p), dihydrolipoyl transacetylase(E2p), and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase(E3). These three enzymes perform distinct functions sequentially to catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH) and acetyl-coenzyme A(Patel and Roche, 1990).

关键词： sequentially oxidative Dalton

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Spectral Extremal Connectivity of Two-State Seizure Brain Waves

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Talento, Mara Sherlin D. Richards, Jordan Pinto-Orellana, Marco Huser, Raphael Ombao, Hernando C. Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science & Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 23955 - 6900 Saudi Arabia Neuro-AI Laboratory Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science & Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 23955 - 6900 Saudi Arabia School of Mathematics Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3FD United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine92697 United States

Coherence analysis plays a vital role in the study of functional brain connectivity. However, coherence captures only linear spectral associations, and thus can produce misleading findings when ignoring variations of connectivity in the tails of the distribution. This limitation becomes important when investigating extreme neural events that are characterized by large signal amplitudes. The focus of this paper is to examine connectivity in the tails of the distribution, as this reveals salient information that may be overlooked by standard methods. We develop a novel notion of spectral tail association of periodograms to study connectivity in the network of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of seizure-prone neonates. We further develop a novel non-stationary extremal dependence model for multivariate time series that captures differences in extremal dependence during different brain phases, namely burst-suppression and non-burst-suppression. One advantage of our proposed approach is its ability to identify tail connectivity at key frequency bands that could be associated with outbursts of energy which may lead to seizures. We discuss these novel scientific findings alongside a comparison of the extremal behavior of brain signals for epileptic and non-epileptic patients. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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