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International Conference on Intelligent Systems, modelling and simulation (ISMS)

作者： M.Y. Choong M.C. Seng S.S. Yang A. Kiring K.T.K. Teo Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

There is a challenge to segment the medical image which is often blurred and consists of noise. The objects to be segmented are always changing shape. Thus, there is a need to apply a method to automated segment well the objects for future analysis without any assumptions about the object's topology are made. In general, when performing pregnancy ultrasound scanning, obstetrician needs to find out the best position or angle of the foetus and freeze the scene. The obstetrician will click on the crown and the rump of the foetus to get the foetus length. The segmentation technique applied is level set method. A variational level set algorithm has been successfully implemented in medical image segmentation (Xray image, MRI image and ultrasound image). The results showed the level set contour evolved well on the low contrast and noise consisting medical image, especially the ultrasound image.

关键词： Image segmentation Level set Ultrasonic imaging Biomedical imaging Shape Ultrasonic variables measurement Magnetic resonance imaging

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Exothermic Batch Process Optimisation via Multivariable Genetic Algorithm

Exothermic Batch Process Optimisation via Multivariable Gene...

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International Conference on Advanced Computer Science Applications and Technologies (ACSAT)

作者： Min Keng Tan Helen Sin Ee Chuo Heng Jin Tham Kenneth Tze Kin Teo Modelling Simulation & Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

This paper aims optimise the exothermic batch productivity while minimise the waste production by manipulating the fluid temperature and fluid flow rate. During the process, a large amount of heat is released rapidly when the reactants are mixed together. The exothermic behaviour causes the reaction to become unstable and consequently poses safety concern to the plant personnel. Commonly, the optimisation of the batch process is based on the predetermined optimal reference temperature profile. However, this reference profile is unable to limit the waste production effectively. Therefore, multivariable genetic algorithm (MGA) is proposed in this work to optimise the productivity of the process without referring to the predetermined reference profile. The results show that the MGA is able to harvest more than 80 % of yield in handling human error and equipment failure.

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Development of a License Plate Recognition System for a Non-ideal Environment

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 C期13卷 26-33页

作者： Angeline, Lorita Lau, Hui Keng Ghosh, Bablu Kumar Goh, Hui Hwang Kin Teo, Kenneth Tze Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

A new algorithm for license plate character recognition system is proposed on the basis of Signature analysis properties and features extraction. Signature analysis has been used to locate license plate region and its properties can be further utilised in supporting and affirming the license plate character recognition. This paper presents the implementation of Signature Analysis combined with Features Extraction to form feature vector for each character with a length of 56. Implementation of these two methods is used in tracking of vehicle's automatic license plate recognition system (ALPR). The developed ALPR comprises of three phase. The recognition stage utilised the vector to be trained in a simple multi-layer feed-forward back-propagation Neural Network with 56 inputs and 34 neurons in its output layer. The network is trained with both ideal and noisy characters. The results obtained show that the proposed system is capable to recognise both ideal and non-ideal license plate characters. The system also capable to tackle the common character misclassification problems due to similarity in characters.

关键词： Neural networks

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An image segmentation using normalised cuts in multistage approach

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 B期13卷 11-17页

作者： Choong, Mei Yeen Kow, Wei Yeang Khong, Wei Leong Liau, Chung Fan Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation Computing Laboratory Material Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Normalised cuts algorithm is complex for image segmentation but it produces good segmentation result. At present, digital camera can produce high detail image. To avoid underutilising the high detail image, resizing image into smaller resolution is discouraged. This creates a constraint in resizing image to smaller resolution while preserving the important detail in the image. An image segmentation method using normalised cuts done in two-stage manner is proposed here to solve the issue of the image resolution is excessively reduced prior to image segmentation. In this proposed image segmentation approach, an image is first separated into several regions (named as image cells). Then, the locally produced segments from each of the image cells are then undergone for second stage segmentation to look for possibility of merging them up. This paper includes the experimental results using the mentioned approach and the experiment shows that it is capable to produce meaningful segments.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Network coding based packets queue operation for wireless Ad Hoc networks

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 B期13卷 24-30页

作者： Tan, Shee Eng Wei Siew, Zhan Anuar Mohamad, Khairul Saad, Ismail Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Network Coding has been proven to be a method that will increase the throughput of network, instead of just store and forward packets in nodes, Network coding will perform an XOR operation on the packets in the intermediate nodes to improve the throughput of the network. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol (AODV) will be used to discover route for the wireless ad hoc networks with network coding. The simulation of wireless ad hoc network with network coding will be conducted in MATLAB. This paper introduces the development of simulation to illustrate the performance of network coding in wireless ad hoc network. The simulation will calculate the transmit packet time according to the size of the packet. Lastly, average network throughput performance between AODV network without network coding and network with network coding is shown and compared.

关键词： Network coding

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Adaptive modulation with moments based signal-to-noise ratio estimator

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 C期13卷 12-18页

作者： Ken Lye, Scott Carr Chia, Yee Shin Chua, Bih Lii Yeo, Kiam Beng Kin Teo, Kenneth Tze Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Adaptive modulation techniques in wireless communications are reactive ways designed in communication systems to thrive in unpredictable channel environments. The attractive use of adaptive communications will prove to bring more robustness and flexibility compared to fixed modulation schemes. In order for adaptive modulation to work correctly, it requires an accurate estimation of the channel condition at the receivers' end to make decisions and take action. Channel state information (CSI) has several of other uses in wireless communication systems. Accordingly, a communication link which adapts the degree of modulation scheme according to the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values is proposed. The system estimates the current channel condition in the form of CSI and feedback to the transmitter. Hence, the objective of the adaptive system is to stay opportunistic in favourable circumstances while achieving acceptable quality margin in a time-varying communication link. In this paper, the overall system is measured using metrics of spectral efficiency and average bit error rate. Monte Carlo simulations of different signals and channel conditions corroborate our analysis and discussion.

关键词： Adaptive modulation

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Cluster formation of wireless sensor nodes using adaptive particle swarm optimisation

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 B期13卷 38-44页

作者： Siew, Zhan Wei Bono, Awang Yoong, Hou Pin Yeo, Kiam Beng Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Hierarchical based clustering protocol for wireless sensor network is suitable to use in energy efficient environmental monitoring. In clustering protocol, sensor nodes that are cluster heads (CHs) have to collect information from cluster member and transmit to the base station. Strategic CHs location can significantly affect the network overall energy consumption. Therefore, selecting suitable CHs location becomes a challenging task. In this work, CHs distribution using adaptive particle swarm optimisation (APSO) is proposed. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the swarm intelligence methods that is designed to search for optimum solution by mimicking the behavior of bird flocking and fish schooling. Introduction of adaptive cognitive and social learning factor can achieve better convergence speed and particles reselection mechanism to reduce the chances of getting trapped at local maximum. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the low energy adaptive cluster hierarchical (LEACH) protocol. simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms LEACH in terms of first node dies (FND) round, total data received at the base station and energy consumed per round.

关键词： Base stations

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Control of exothermic batch process using multivariable genetic algorithm

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 C期13卷 19-25页

作者： Tan, Min Keng Ee Chuo, Helen Sin Farm, Yan Yan Tham, Heng Jin Kin Teo, Kenneth Tze Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

The aim of this research is to control the reactor temperature of an exothermic batch process. During the process, large amount of heat will be released rapidly when the reactants are mixed together. The exothermic behaviour causes the reaction to become unstable and consequently poses safety concern to the plant personnel. In practice, heat is needed to speed up the reaction rate so that the overall process cycle time can be reduced whereas the cooling is employed to cool down the reactor in order to reduce excessive heat. Hence, this paper proposes genetic algorithm (GA) to control the process temperature with a predetermined temperature profile. GA exploits the probabilistic search method to optimise the specific objective function based on the evolutionary principle. simulation assessment of the GA has been carried out using a benchmark exothermic batch process model. The results show that GA is able to control the reactor temperature effectively.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Variational level set algorithm in image segmentation for foetus ultrasound imaging system

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 B期13卷 18-23页

作者： Choong, Mei Yeen Seng, May Chin Kiring, Aroland Yang, Soo Siang Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Segmentation on ultrasound image is difficult when the image is not clear and contains unwanted noise. Since the object to be segmented out can be changing in shape for a period of time, there is a need to apply a computerised segmentation method for future analysis without any assumptions about the object's topology is made. In general, when performing pregnancy ultrasound scanning, seeking a snapshot with best position or angle of the foetus is often a task done by obstetrician. This snapshot is useful for the obstetrician to locate the crown and the rump of the foetus for specific measurement. In this paper, a computerized segmentation using variational level set algorithm (VLSA) is purposed here. This algorithm is successfully implemented in medical image segmentation such as X-ray image and MRI image. Results showed the variational level set contour evolved well on the low contrast and noise consisting ultrasound image.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Optimization of collaborative beamforming in wireless sensor networks using Genetic Algorithm

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2012年第3 C期13卷 35-41页

作者： Wong, Chen How Siew, Zhan Wei Yin Chin, Renee Ka Yew, Hoe Tung Kin Teo, Kenneth Tze Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory Material and Mineral Research Unit School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Collaborative beamforming (CB) is an idea where beamforming concept is used to establish link in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Via CB, a subset number of nodes from a network of sensors are able to transmit a common message over long communication distance in a more energy efficient manner. Due to erratic deployment of the sensor nodes in the networks, appropriate assignments to sensor nodes in WSNs is crucial to achieve better array pattern synthesis. In this paper, a node selection method based on conventional uniform linear array (ULA) theory is presented. A virtual line was constructed in the network topology as a reference guide to optimize the selection of nodes to mimic the ULA. The node selection for CB is further optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). simulation results show that the performance of CB with GA is outperforms conventional ULA.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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