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Q-learning based traffic optimization in management of signal timing plan

International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2011年第3期12卷 29-35页

作者： Chin, Yit Kwong Bolong, Nurmin Kiring, Aroland Yang, Soo Siang Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Occurrences of traffic congestions within the urban traffic network are increasing in a rapid rate due to the rising traffic demands of the outnumbered vehicles on road. The effectiveness of management from traffic signal timing planner is the key solution to solve the traffic congestions, but unfortunately the current traffic light signal system is not fully optimized based on the dynamic traffic conditions on the road. Adaptable traffic signal timing plan system with ability to learn from their past experiences is needed to overcome the dynamic changes of the urban traffic network. The ability of Q-learning to prospect gains from future actions and obtain rewards from its past experiences allows Q-learning to improve its decisions for the best possible actions. A good valuable performance has been shown by the proposed learning algorithm that able to improve the traffic signal timing plan for the dynamic traffic flows within a traffic network.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Adapting MCMC with CUSUM path plot for overlapped vehicle tracking

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2011年第3期12卷 36-43页

作者： Kow, Wei Yeang Khong, Wei Leong Yew, Hoe Tung Saad, Ismail Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Traffic surveillance using video sensors has been essential over the recent years and it is capable of obtaining wide range of vehicle information. However tracking overlapped vehicles still remain as a challenging task due to the involvement of high dimensional calculation. Conventional fixed sample size Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) will encounter tracking error if the sample size is insufficient and will be computationally expensive if the sample size is too large. Therefore cumulative sum (CUSUM) path plot is introduced to aid the difficulties in determining the sample size of MCMC. The adaptive sample size of MCMC has shown significant tracking accuracy especially when the vehicle is overlapped. Furthermore, implementation of observation likelihood by fusing colour and edge distance has further enhanced the tracking performances. Experimental result shows that CUSUM path plot algorithm has overcome the limitation of fixed sample size MCMC with better tracking accuracy and lesser computational time.

关键词： Vehicles

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Overlapped vehicle tracking via enhancement of particle filter with adaptive resampling algorithm

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2011年第3期12卷 44-51页

作者： Khong, Wei Leong Kow, Wei Yeang Angeline, Lorita Saad, Ismail Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Traffic surveillance and on-road security have elevated the demand of machine vision aided traffic control system. Through the modern video camera technology, vehicle tracking has become a vital approach to assist the on-road traffic systems. In the past, many tracking methods have been developed based on the detail and information extracted from the captured vehicle. However, conventional tracking system need to be improved since the background noises and sudden appear objects will increase the difficulties of continuously tracking the target vehicle. Hence, a particle filter algorithm with adaptive resampling approach has been proposed to overcome the vehicle occlusion problems. In addition, the proposed resampling approach can also be used to solve the common particle degeneracy problem. Experimental results show that the enhanced particle filter equipped with adaptive resampling algorithm is significantly improving the accuracy of the tracking process without compromising the processing time.

关键词： Video cameras

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Characterization of Mechanical Behaviour of Sheet Metal: Hardening at Large Strains and Anisotropy Identification

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2011年第1期1353卷 1441-1446页

作者： Marko Vrh Miroslav Halilovič Boris Štok University of Ljubljana‐Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory for Numerical Modelling & Simulation‐Aškerčeva 6 SI‐1000 Ljubljana Slovenia

The paper focuses on a reliable identification of the hardening curve of sheet metal after the onset of necking by means of a purposely developed shear test. The main comparative advantage of the test is its simple implementation needing no further development of the experimental equipment used in standard tensile testing. In addition, in order to achieve more flexible hardening curve description from those given by the classical analytical hardening laws, the paper presents the hardening curve approximation based on the cubic spline technique. The identified hardening curves are validated and compared to the analytically extrapolated ones obtained by a continuation of classical hardening laws for large plastic strain. It is shown, that due to large difference in response the analytical extrapolation is seriously disputable.

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Effect of partially shaded conditions on photovoltaic array's maximum power point tracking

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International Journal of simulation: Systems, Science and Technology 2011年第3期12卷 52-59页

作者： Chin, Chia Seet Neelakantan, Prabhakaran Yang, Soo Siang Chua, Bih Lii Teo, Kenneth Tze Kin Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Maximum power point tracking algorithm is widely implemented in photovoltaic system to maximize the PV array output power. In general, Perturb and Observe (P&O) is simple thus being selected to continuously track the array maximum power point (MPP). Under uniform solar irradiance, PV array characteristic is non-linear and consisting only one MPP along the functional operating voltage. However, when the PV array is partially shaded, the P-V characteristic becomes more complex with multiple MPPs. The occurrence of multiple MPP might cause the PV array to be trapped at the local MPP. At this operating condition of local MPP, PV array will generate lesser output power. In this study, the performance of PV array is explored especially when each PV module is at 30% and 70% shaded conditions. simulation results show that PV array at absolute MPP can generate greater output power with the largest increased by 74.6% hence achieving higher power efficiency.

关键词： Solar panels

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Optimization of partially shaded PV array using fuzzy MPPT

Optimization of partially shaded PV array using fuzzy MPPT

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IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and engineering (CHUSER)

作者： C.S. Chin M.K. Tan P. Neelakantan B.L. Chua K.T.K. Teo Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Malaysia

Solar photovoltaic (PV) array shows non-linear P-V characteristic when the array is illuminated under uniform solar irradiance. In this circumstance, the P-V characteristic consists only one maximum power point (MPP) along the functional operating voltage. However, the P-V characteristic has changed and become more complex with multiple MPP when the array is exposed under partially shaded conditions. This circumstance has caused maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm faces difficulty to allocate the exact optimal operating voltage for PV array to generate maximum power. In this paper, initial voltage tracking function (IVTF) has been introduced to assign new initial voltage for tracking the absolute MPP when the PV array is at shaded conditions. Nevertheless, MPPT approach deals with the challenge of tracking the MPP in the faster mode while maintaining the power stability of the PV array toward the MPP. Therefore, fuzzy logic is embedded in the conventional MPPT to adapt the size of the perturbed voltage. The obtained results show that fuzzy logic based MPPT with IVTF is able to track the absolute MPP faster while minimizing power lost due to the power fluctuations.

关键词： Arrays Fuzzy logic Photovoltaic cells Power generation simulation Semiconductor diodes Solar energy

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The evolution of effective elastic properties of a cold formed stainless steel sheet

The evolution of effective elastic properties of a cold form...

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作者： Vrh, M. Halilovič, M. Štok, B. Laboratory for Numerical Modelling and Simulation Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Ljubljana Aškerčeva 6 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Kovinoplastika Lož Stari trg ph Ložu Slovenia

In accordance with the great importance given to the subject of stiffness degradation, in particular with regard to metal forming, this work experimentally investigates the anisotropic elastic properties of plastically prestrained cold-rolled sheet metal (stainless steel EN 1.4301, also AISI 304). From the experiments performed, two main conclusions regarding stiffness degradation can be extracted. First, since under specific stretching the intensity of the normalized Young's moduli degradation in both directions remains approximately similar, it may be concluded that the potential initial elastic anisotropy tends to be preserved during loading. Second, as the evidenced stiffness degradation has proved to be strongly correlated with the stretching direction of the sheet metal, it can be concluded that the stiffness evolution in the cold rolled sheet steel is path dependent. These interesting discoveries also provide some answers for modelling the kinetic damage evolution laws in damage mechanics. © Society for Experimental Mechanics 2010.

关键词： Anisotropy

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The evolution of effective elastic properties of a cold formed stainless steel sheet

The evolution of effective elastic properties of a cold form...

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关键词： Anisotropy

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Green's function and Bloch theory for the analysis of the dynamic response of a periodically supported beam to a moving load

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2012年第1期382卷

作者： R Lassoued M Lecheheb G Bonnet Laboratory of Materials Durability of Construction Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering sciences University Mentouri Constantine Algeria University Paris East Marne la Vallée Laboratory of modelling and simulation Multi Echelle CNRS UMR 8208 5 boulevard Descartes 77454 Marne la Vallée Cedex France

This paper describes an analytical method for the wave field induced by a moving load on a periodically supported beam. The Green's function for an Euler beam without support is evaluated by using the direct integration. Afterwards, it introduces the supports into the model established by using the superposition principle which states that the response from all the sleeper points and from the external point force add up linearly to give a total response. The periodicity of the supports is described by Bloch's theorem. The homogeneous system thus obtained represents a linear differential equation which governs rail response. It is initially solved in the homogeneous case, and it admits a no null solution if its determinant is null, this permits the establishment the dispersion equation to Bloch waves and wave bands. The Bloch waves and dispersion curves contain all the physics of the dynamic problem and the wave field induced by a dynamic load applied to the system is finally obtained by decomposition into Bloch waves, similarly to the usual decomposition into dynamic modes on a finite structure. The method is applied to obtain the field induced by a load moving at constant velocity on a thin beam supported by periodic elastic supports.

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Energy efficient clustering algorithm in wireless sensor networks using fuzzy logic control

Energy efficient clustering algorithm in wireless sensor net...

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IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and engineering (CHUSER)

作者： Z.W. Siew A. Kiring H.T. Yew P. Neelakantan K.T.K. Teo Modelling Simulation and Computing Laboratory School of Engineering and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

In general, environment monitoring cluster based hierarchical routing protocol is among the most common protocol being opted due to the load balancing among each other sensor. Sensors are randomly deployed in a specific area to collect useful information periodically for a few months or even a few years. Therefore, battery power limitation becomes a challenging issue. It is also impractical to maintain the network lifetime by changing the battery frequently. Low energy adaptive cluster hierarchical (LEACH) is one of the common clustering protocols that will elect the cluster head based on the probability model which will possibly lead to a reduce in network lifetime due to election of cluster head with a least desired location in the network. For wireless sensor networks, the distribution of cluster head selection directly influences the network's lifetime. This paper presents factors which will affect the network lifetime and apply fuzzy logic based cluster head selection conducted in base station. The base station considers two selection criteria from sensor nodes which are energy level and distance to the base station to select the suitable cluster head that will prolong the first node die (FND) time, data stream guaranteed for every round and also increase the throughput received by the base station before FND.

关键词： Base stations Protocols Peer to peer computing Mathematical model Clustering algorithms Fuzzy logic Wireless sensor networks

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