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Trauma Emergencies at University Hospital of Brazzaville, Congo

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Surgical science 2022年第3期13卷 144-154页

作者： Massamba Miabaou Didace Boukassa Léon Note Madzele Murielle Monka Marius Ondima Irène Moyikoua Armand Massamba Alphonse Digestive Surgery Department University Hospital Brazzaville Congo Polyvalent Surgery Department University Hospital Brazzaville Congo Traumatology-Orthopaedic Department University Hospital Brazzaville Congo Department of Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Brazzaville Congo Laboratory of Numerical Analysis Computer Science and Applications Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

Background: Trauma is the main reason for consultation in the emergency unit. They deserve particular attention in the Congo where road accidents and violence of all kinds are increasingly observed. Methods: This study who carried out in the surgical emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville, aims to analyze the epidemiological and etiological aspects, the anatomical lesions encountered;to describe their management, as well as to evaluate the induced mortality while emphasizing their place in all surgical emergencies. The prospective and analytical study included 2127 patients admitted to a traumatic emergency unit from January 1 to June 30, 2018. Medical records served as data sources. The measure of trauma severity was determined using Champion’s Trauma Score. The epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic parameters were studied. Results: The population most affected was adolescents and young adults (mean age, 27.3 years) with a male predominance: 1318 men (i.e. 61.9%) for 809 women (i.e. 38.1%). Road accidents (n = 819, or 38.5%) were the main cause of injuries, followed by violence (n = 702, or 33%) and falls (27.3%). The skull, limbs, thorax and abdomen are the main targets. The most observed lesions were limb fractures (n = 344, i.e. 16.1%), intracranial hematomas and contusions (n = 315, i.e. 14.8%), thoracic and abdominal wounds (n = 28, i.e. 1.3%). Mortality was evaluated at 0.6%, and was correlated with the severity of the lesions and the type of trauma. Conclusion: Trauma is very common in emergency consultations in Congo, with a hospital frequency of 75.1% of all emergencies. Preventive actions are essential to reduce their frequency.

关键词： Emergencies Trauma Accidents Public Road Violence

How quantum and evolutionary algorithms can help each other: two examples

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bhandari, Shailendra Nichele, Stefano Denysov, Sergiy Lind, Pedro G. Department of Computer Science OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs plass OsloN-0130 Norway OsloMet Artificial Intelligence Lab Pilestredet 52 OsloN-0166 Norway NordSTAR - Nordic Center for Sustainable and Trustworthy AI Research Pilestredet 52 OsloN-0166 Norway Department of Computer Science and Communication Østfold University College B R A Veien 4 HaldenN-1757 Norway Simula Research Laboratory Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing Oslo0164 Norway

We investigate the potential of bio-inspired evolutionary algorithms for designing quantum circuits with specific goals, focusing on two particular tasks. The first one is motivated by the ideas of Artificial Life that are used to reproduce stochastic cellular automata with given rules. We test the robustness of quantum implementations of the cellular automata for different numbers of quantum gates The second task deals with the sampling of quantum circuits that generate highly entangled quantum states, which constitute an important resource for quantum computing. In particular, an evolutionary algorithm is employed to optimize circuits with respect to a fitness function defined with the Mayer-Wallach entanglement measure. We demonstrate that, by balancing the mutation rate between exploration and exploitation, we can find entangling quantum circuits for up to five qubits. We also discuss the trade-off between the number of gates in quantum circuits and the computational costs of finding the gate arrangements leading to a strongly entangled state. Our findings provide additional insight into the trade-off between the complexity of a circuit and its performance, which is an important factor in the design of quantum circuits. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

Interoperability and Architecture Requirements analysis and Metadata Standardization for a Research Data Infrastructure in Catalysis 23rd

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Interoperability and Architecture Requirements Analysis and...

23rd International Conference on Data Analytics and Management in Data Intensive Domains, DAMDID/RCDL 2021

作者： Horsch, Martin Petrenko, Taras Kushnarenko, Volodymyr Schembera, Bjoern Wentzel, Bianca Behr, Alexander Kockmann, Norbert Schimmler, Sonja Bönisch, Thomas Nobelstr. 19 Stuttgart70569 Germany School of Psychology and Computer Science University of Central Lancashire 45 Fylde Road Lancashire PrestonPR1 1JN United Kingdom Institute of Applied Analysis and Numerical Simulation University of Stuttgart Allmandring 5b Stuttgart70569 Germany Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee 31 Berlin10589 Germany Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Equipment Design TU Dortmund University Emil-Figge-Str. 68 Dortmund44227 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031122842

The National Research Data Infrastructure for Catalysis-Related sciences (NFDI4Cat) is one of the disciplinary consortia formed within the German national research data infrastructure (NFDI), an effort undertaken by the German federal and state governments to advance the digitalization of all scientific research data within the German academic system in accordance with the FAIR principles. This work reports on initial outcomes from the NFDI4Cat project. The data value chain in catalysis research is analysed, and architecture and interoperability requirements are identified by conducting user interviews, collecting competency questions, and exploring the landscape of semantic artefacts. Methods from agile software development are employed to collect, organize, and present the collected requirements;workflows are annotated on the basis of metadata standards for research data provenance, by which requirements for domain ontologies in catalysis are deduced. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Ontology

Chimney Height, a Determining Factor in the Dispersion of Pollutants and Their Concentration

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2021年第1期9卷 173-193页

作者： Neyva Maria Lopes Romeiro Eliandro Rodrigues Cirilo Paulo Laerte Natti Letícia Mayumi Doy Okamoto Tainá Julianotti Department of Mathematics State University of Londrina and Member of the Simulation and Numerical Analysis Laboratory—LabSan Paraná Brazil Graduated in Computer Science State University of Londrina Paraná Brazil Master’s Student Applied and Computational Mathematics—PGMAC State University of Londrina Paraná Brazil

This work proposes a way of modelling two-dimensional complex meshes using elliptic equations, which the computational grid coincides with the problem geometry, making computational processing more suitable. A multiblock technique was used in order to achieve a better representation of the problem domain. In this way, numerical simulations of the movement and dispersion of pollutant emissions in the atmosphere are presented in the generated domains, using the Navier-Stokes pollutant transport equations. The curvilinear coordinates and the finite difference method are used for the discretization. The model was verified in two tests. In the first test, three cases were proposed, with geometries containing a chimney followed by an obstacle, using different chimney heights, and the obstacle height was fixed. The test aims to verify the vortices appearance, in the blocks, to obtain agreement with as presented in the literature. In the second test, the geometry is described by a chimney and an obstacle that represents one of the mountains in the valley. The performed tests made possible to verify that the height of the chimney can be considered a determining factor to describe the dispersion of pollutants, as well as their concentration in the proximity of industrial areas.

关键词： Atmosphere Valley Multiblock Navier-Stokes Transport Equation

Abnormal Road Surface Detection Using Wheel Sensor Data

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Dózsa, Tamás Radó, János Volk, János Kisari, Ádám Soumelidis, Alexandros Kovács, Péter The Department of Numerical Analysis Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary The Nanosensors Laborartory of the Centre for Energy Research Budapest Hungary The Systems and Control Laboratory The Institute of Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

Intelligent tires can be employed for a wide array of applications ranging from tire pressure monitoring to analyzing tire/road interactions, wheel loading as well as tread wear monitoring. In this paper we develop a measurement system for intelligent tires equipped with a 3-dimensional piezoresistive force sensor. The output of the sensor is segmented into tire revolution cycles, which are then represented by a transformation relying on adaptive Hermite functions. The underlying idea behind this step is to extract relevant features which capture tire dynamics. Then we evaluate the proposed measurement system in a potential vehicle application, that is, abnormal road surface detection. We deal with the corresponding binary classification problem by developing both low-complexity analytical and data-driven machine learning algorithms, which are tested on real-world measurement data. Our experiments showed that the proposed methods are able to detect abnormalities on the road surface with a mean accuracy of over 97%.MSC Codes 65T99 © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Tires

Ten Minutes Solar Irradiation Forecasting on Inclined Plane using Evolutionary Product Unit Neural Networks

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Ten Minutes Solar Irradiation Forecasting on Inclined Plane ...

2019 International Conference of computer science and Renewable Energies, ICCSRE 2019

作者： Amiri, Billel Gomez-Orellana, Antonio M. Antonio Gutierrez, Pedro Dizene, Rabah Hervas-Martinez, Cesar Kahina, Dahmani Laboratory of Energy Mechanic and Conversion Systems University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediène Algiers Algeria Department of Computer Science and Numerical Analysis Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781728108278

This work applies evolutionary product unit neural networks (EPUNNs) to estimate global inclined irradiation at real time and predict it 10 minutes in advance. Both tasks are accomplished simultaneously, by using one single model with two outputs. One advantage of our approach is that the predictions of inclined irradiation are obtained without the need of a series of historical data. In this way, the model only considers one measured input variable, which is the horizontal global irradiation at the previous instant. Besides, the evolutionary algorithm used to optimize the network allows us to obtain the best adapted topology of the model with respect to the number of hidden neurons and synaptic connections. Very promising results are obtained, where the inclined irradiation Iβ(t) is estimated with an accuracy of 5.10% of nRMSE, while it is predicted 10 minutes in advance with an accuracy of 16.97%. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

The dynamical law behind eye movements: distinguishing between Lévy and intermittent strategies

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lencastre, Pedro Bystryk, Yurii Yazidi, Anis Denisov, Sergey Lind, Pedro G. Department of Computer Science OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University OsloN-0130 Norway AI Lab – OsloMet Artificial Intelligence Lab OsloN-0166 Norway Institute of Applied Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sumy40000 Ukraine Simula Research Laboratory Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing Oslo0164 Norway

Foraging is a complex spatio-temporal process which is often described with stochastic models. Two particular ones, Lévy walks (LWs) and intermittent search (IS), became popular in this context. Researchers from the two communities, each advocating for either Lévy or intermittent approach, independently analyzed foraging patterns and reported agreement between empirical data and the model they used. We resolve this Lévy-intermittent dichotomy for eye-gaze trajectories collected in a series of experiments designed to stimulate free foraging for visual information. By combining analytical results, statistical quantifiers, and basic machine learning techniques, we devise a method to score the performance of the models when they are used to approximate an individual gaze trajectory. Our analysis indicates that the intermittent search model consistently yields higher scores and thus approximates the majority of the eye-gaze trajectories better. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic models

Twofold saddle-point formulation of biot poroelasticity with stress-dependent diffusion

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Gómez-Vargas, Bryan Mardal, Kent-André Ruiz-Baier, Ricardo Vinje, Vegard Sección de Matemática Sede de Occidente Universidad de Costa Rica San Ramón Ala juela Costa Rica Department of Mathematics Division of Mechanics University of Oslo Norway Simula Research Laboratory Lysaker1325 Norway School of Mathematics Monash University 9 Rainforest Walk MelbourneVIC3800 Australia Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modelling Sechenov University Moscow Russia Universidad Adventista de Chile Casilla 7-D Chillán Chile Department for Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing Simula Research Laboratory Lysaker Norway

We introduce a stress/total-pressure formulation for poroelasticity that includes the coupling with steady nonlinear diffusion modified by stress. The nonlinear problem is written in mixed-primal form, coupling a perturbed twofold saddle-point system with an elliptic problem. The continuous formulation is analysed in the framework of abstract fixed-point theory and Fredholm alternative for compact operators. A mixed finite element method is proposed and its stability and convergence analysis are carried out. We also include a few illustrative numerical tests. The resulting model can be used to study waste removal in the brain parenchyma, where diffusion of a tracer alone or a combination of advection and diffusion are not sufficient to explain the alterations in rates of filtration observed in porous media *** Codes 65N60, 92C50 © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Diffusion

Preventing Black Hole Attack in Wireless Sensor Network Using HMM

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Procedia computer science 2019年 148卷 552-561页

作者： Hanane Kalkha Hassan Satori Khalid Satori Laboratory Computer Science Image processing and Numerical Analysis Faculty of Sciences Dhar MahrazSidi Mohammed Ben Abbdallah University Fez Morocco Artificial Intelligence Complex Systems and modeling Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty Polydisciplinary of Nador Mohammed Premier University 300 Selouane 62700 Nador Morocco

Secure routing is a difficult task because of the limited nature of wireless sensor network resources. This paper provides a Hidden Markov Model solution to identify malicious nodes in wireless sensor networks through prevention of black hole attack. Our proposed approach based on a new routing algorithm which analyses shortest path in order to avoid malicious node path. Our results demonstrate the success and the efficiency of our proposed routing algorithm.

关键词： WSN HMM Black Hole Malicious Shortest path