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5th ACM Asia-Pacific Workshop on systems, APSYS 2014

作者： Chen, Rong Shi, Jiaxin Zang, Binyu Guan, Haibing Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450330244

Many machine learning and data mining (MLDM) problems like recommendation, topic modeling and medical diagnosis can be modeled as computing on bipartite graphs. However, most distributed graph-parallel systems are oblivious to the unique characteristics in such graphs and existing online graph partitioning algorithms usually causes excessive replication of vertices as well as significant pressure on network communication. This article identifies the challenges and opportunities of partitioning bipartite graphs for distributed MLDM processing and proposes BiGraph, a set of bipartite-oriented graph partitioning algorithms. BiGraph leverages observations such as the skewed distribution of vertices, discriminated computation load and imbalanced data sizes between the two subsets of vertices to derive a set of optimal graph partition algorithms that result in minimal vertex replication and network communication. BiGraph has been implemented on PowerGraph and is shown to have a performance boost up to 17.75X (from 1.38X) for four typical MLDM algorithms, due to reducing up to 62% vertex replication, and up to 96% network traffic. © 2014 ACM.

关键词： Data mining

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distributed algorithms for detecting conjunctive predicates

Distributed algorithms for detecting conjunctive predicates

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International Conference on distributed Computing systems

作者： V.K. Garg C.M. Chase Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory The University of Texas at Austin

This paper discusses efficient distributed detection of global conjunctive predicates in a distributed program. Our methods correctly detect the first consistent cut in which the predicate is true, even if the predicate is unstable. Previous work in detection of such predicates is based on a centralized checker process. In this paper we introduce algorithms which distribute the computation and space requirements of the detection procedure. Two algorithms are presented. The first algorithm requires O (n/sup 2/ m) time and space where m is the number of messages sent by any process and n is the number of processes over which the predicate is defined. This algorithm has identical time complexity to the original centralized algorithm. However computation, space and message requirements are distributed evenly over the n processes. The second algorithm requires O(Nm) total work, where N is the total number of processes in the system. The relative values of n and N determine which algorithm is more efficient for a specific application. parallelism can be introduced into either distributed algorithm, reducing the average case time complexity. We show that the worst-case time complexity can not be improved beyond O(mn) with any on-line detection algorithm.

关键词： distributed algorithms distributed computing parallel processing Detection algorithms

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Tinman: Eliminating confidential mobile data exposure with security oriented offloading 15

Tinman: Eliminating confidential mobile data exposure with s...

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10th European Conference on Computer systems, EuroSys 2015

作者： Xia, Yubin Liu, Yutao Tan, Cheng Ma, Mingyang Guan, Haibing Zang, Binyu Chen, Haibo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems China Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450332385

The wide adoption of smart devices has stimulated a fast shift of security-critical data from desktop to mobile devices. However, recurrent device theft and loss expose mobile devices to various security threats and even physical attacks. This paper presents TinMan, a system that protects confidential data such as web site password and credit card number (we use the term cor to represent these data, which is short for Confidential Record) from being leaked or abused even under device theft. TinMan separates accesses of cor from the rest of the functionalities of an app, by introducing a trusted node to store cor and offloading any code from a mobile device to the trusted node to access cor. This completely eliminates the exposure of cor on the mobile devices. The key challenges to TinMan include deciding when and how to efficiently and transparently offload execution;Tin-Man addresses these challenges with security-oriented offloading with a low-overhead tainting scheme called asymmetric tainting to track accesses to cor to trigger offloading, as well as transparent SSL session injection and TCP payload replacement to offload accesses to cor. We have implemented a prototype of TinMan based on Android and demonstrated how TinMan protects the information of user's bank account and credit card number without modifying the apps. Evaluation results also show that TinMan incurs only a small amount of performance and power overhead. Copyright © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Crime

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VButton: Practical attestation of user-driven operations in mobile apps 18

VButton: Practical attestation of user-driven operations in ...

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16th ACM International Conference on Mobile systems, Applications, and Services,MobiSys 2018

作者： Li, Wenhao Luo, Shiyu Sun, Zhichuang Xia, Yubin Lu, Long Chen, Haibo Zang, Binyu Guan, Haibing Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Northeastern University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450357203

More and more malicious apps and mobile rootkits are found to perform sensitive operations on behalf of legitimate users without their awareness. Malware does so by either forging user inputs or tricking users into making unintended requests to online service providers. Such malware is hard to detect and generates large revenues for cybercriminals, which is often used for committing ad/click frauds, faking reviews/ratings, promoting people or business on social networks, etc. We find that this class of malware is possible due to the lack of practical and robust means for service providers to verify the authenticity of user-driven operations (i.e., operations supposed to be performed, or explicitly confirmed, by a user). We design and build the VButton system to fill this void. Our system introduces a class of attestation-enabled app UI widgets (called VButton UI). Developers can easily integrate VButton UI in their apps to allow service providers to verify that a user-driven operation triggered by a VButton UI is indeed initiated and intended by a real user. Our system contains an on-device Manager, and a server-side Verifier. Leveraging ARM TrustZone, our system can attest operation authenticity even in the presence of a compromised OS. We have implemented the VButton system on an ARM development board as well as a commercial off-the-shelf smartphone. The evaluation results show that the system incurs negligible overhead. © 2018 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Malware

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Large-throughput parallel optical interconnection for a distributed parallel computing system

Large-throughput parallel optical interconnection for a dist...

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1999 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO/Pacific Rim 1999

作者： Nishimura, S. Harasawa, K. Matsudairn, N. Akutsu, S. Sasaki, S. Kudoh, T. RWCP Optical Interconnection Hitachi Laboratory C/o Central Research Lab Hitachi Ltd. 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo Kokubunji-shi Tokyo185-8601 Japan Hitachi Communication Systems Inc. 180 Totsuka-cho Totsuka-ku Yokohama244-0003 Japan RWCP Parallel and Distributed System Architecture Lab. Tsukuba Mitsui Building I6F 1-6-1 Takezono Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki305-0032 Japan

We produced a large-throughput optical interconnection for a distributed parallel computing system. It transmits optical data at a rate of over 800-Mbit/s×10-bit through a 50-m single-mode fiber, using a CMOS MUX... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0780356616

关键词： Single mode fibers

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WS-PGRADE: Supporting parameter sweep applications in workflows

WS-PGRADE: Supporting parameter sweep applications in workfl...

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Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-Scale Science, WORKS

作者： Peter Kacsuk Krisztian Karoczkai Gabor Hermann Gergely Sipos Jozsef Kovacs Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory MTA SZTAKI Budapest Hungary

Despite majority of production level grid applications are either parameter studies or workflows some of them cannot fit into these categories and implement more complex structures. Such an application class was found in the CancerGrid project, where several parameter study simulation must be connected together into a workflow and must be executed on various production grids. The paper introduces the structure of parameter study based grid applications and describes the WS-PGRADE system which provides support for the development and execution of this category of applications. The data generator, data collector and data processor components of WS-PGRADE provide easy to understand, flexible, though very powerful mechanisms to express involved grid application structures. The grid connector layer of WS-PGRADE can distribute application components to Desktop Grids, service grids, Web Service networks and local resources, thus can find the most efficient location to execute calculations. By using WS-PGRADE, the members of the CancerGrid consortium are able to create and execute grid applications that consist of millions of jobs.

关键词： Portals Engines Mesh generation Web services Feedback Laboratories Production systems Connectors Collaborative tools Collaborative work

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Brokering Solution for Science Gateways Using Multiple distributed Computing Infrastructures

Brokering Solution for Science Gateways Using Multiple Distr...

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International Workshop on Science Gateways (IWSG)

作者： Krisztian Karoczkai Attila Kertesz Peter Kacsuk MTA SZTAKI Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Systems Budapest Hungary

The ever growing number of computation-intensive applications calls for the interoperation of distributed infrastructures such as Clouds, Grids and private clusters. The European SHIWA and ER-flow projects have been initiated to enable the combination of heterogeneous scientific workflows, and to execute them in a large-scale system consisting of multiple distributed Computing Infrastructures including Grids and Clouds. One of the resource management challenges of these projects called parameter study job scheduling. A parameter study job of a workflow has a large number of input files to be consumed by independent job instances. In this paper we propose a meta-brokering solution for these workflows to be applied in science gateways. To cope with the high uncertainty and unpredictable load of the utilized infrastructures, we rely on resource priority services. These tools are capable of determining and dynamically updating priorities of the available infrastructures to be selected for job instances.

关键词： Logic gates Time measurement distributed computing Europe Concrete Resource management Workflow management software

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Word-level BERT-CNN-RNN Model for Chinese Punctuation Restoration 6

Word-level BERT-CNN-RNN Model for Chinese Punctuation Restor...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Communications, ICCC 2020

作者： Zhang, Zhe Liu, Jie Chi, Lihua Chen, Xinhai Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems National University of Defense Technology Changsha China College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728186351

Punctuation restoration in speech recognition has a wide range of application scenarios. Despite the widespread success of neural networks methods at performing punctuation restoration for English, there have been only limited attempts for Chinese punctuation restoration. Due to the differences between Chinese and English in terms of grammar and basic semantic units, existing methods for English is not suitable for Chinese punctuation restoration. To tackle this problem, we propose a hybrid model combining the kernel of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This model employs a flexible structure and special CNN design which can extract word-level features for Chinese language. We compared the performance of the hybrid model with five widely-used punctuation restoration models on the public dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that our hybrid model is simple and efficient. It outperforms other models and achieves an accuracy of 69.1%. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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A massively-parallel multicore acceleration of a point contact solid mechanics simulation

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Civil-Comp Proceedings 2017年 111卷

作者： Kolman, M. Kosec, G. Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory Joef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia

This paper deals with the numerical determination of the stress and displacement distribution in a solid body subjected to the applied external force. The tackled solid mechanics problem is governed by the Navier-Cauchy equation that describes the deformation within the solid body through the displacement vector field. To obtain the solution, a coupled system of non-linear Partial Differential Equations (PDE) of second order has to be solved. In this paper, the problem is approached by a strong form Moving Least Squares (MLS) based numerical discretization also referred to as a Meshless Local Strong Form Method (MLSM). A generic C++ implementation of a MLSM is used for demonstration of parallel solution of a Point Contact problem on Intel® Xeon Phi™ multicore accelerator. All tests are executed on either the host machine with two Intel® Xeon® E5-2620 v3 6 core processors or offloaded to its 60 core Intel® Xeon Phi™ SE10/7120 series. The shared memory parallelization is implemented through an OpenMP API. © Civil-Comp Press, 2017.

关键词： Point contacts Application programming interfaces (API) Least squares approximations Numerical methods Partial differential equations Displacement vector fields Meshless MLSM Nonlinear partial differential equations OpenMP parallel implementations Shared memory parallelization Stress and displacement distribution

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Refined RBF-FD Solution of Linear Elasticity Problem

Refined RBF-FD Solution of Linear Elasticity Problem

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International Multidisciplinary Conference on Computer and Energy Science (SpliTech)

作者： Jure Slak Gregor Kosec “Jozef Stefan” Institute Parallel and Distributed Systems Laboratory Ljubljana Slovenia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538662960

Solving PDEs with Radial Basis Functions, especially using local approaches, has become a promising alternative to the Finite Element Method. This paper describes one such approach, a local RBF-FD method, analogous to Finite Difference Method, that can handle irregular geometries, varying discretization densities and is easy to implement. RBF - FD method is analysed by solving basic linear elasticity problems using uniform and refined discretizations. Finally, a linear elasticity problem arising from analysis of fretting fatigue is solved and RBF - FD solution is compared to existing solutions, obtained using commercial software.

关键词： Shape Stress Boundary conditions Elasticity Fatigue Structural beams Loading

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