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A Two-Party Probabilistic Communication Complexity Scenario via Werner States

Chinese physics Letters 2001年第10期18卷 1301-1303页

作者： XUE Peng LI Chuan-Feng GUO Guang-Can Laboratory of Quantum Coniniunication and Quantum Computation and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026

We propose a probabilistic two-party communication complexity scenario with a prior Werner state and analyse the communication abilities of quantum correlations (entanglements) and classical correlations. This process... 详细信息

关键词： states. monotone Complexity

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Generalized cross-entropy benchmarking for random circuits with ergodicity

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Chip 2025年第2期4卷

作者： Cheng, Bin Meng, Fei Zhang, Zhi-Jiong Yung, Man-Hong Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering And Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore119077 Singapore Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney NSW2007 Australia Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon999077 Hong Kong QICI Quantum Information and Computation Initiative Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road 999077 Hong Kong International Quantum Academy Shenzhen518048 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Cross-entropy benchmarking is a central technique adopted to certify a quantum chip in recent investigations. To better understand its mathematical foundation and develop new benchmarking schemes, the concept of ergodicity was introduced to random circuit sampling and it was found that the Haar random quantum circuit could satisfy an ergodicity condition—the average of certain types of postprocessing function over the output bit strings is close to the average over the unitary ensemble. For noiseless random circuits, it was proven that the ergodicity holds for polynomials of degree t with positive coefficients when the random circuits form a unitary 2t-design. For strong enough noise, the ergodicity condition is violated, which suggests that ergodicity is a property that can be exploited to certify a quantum chip. The deviation of ergodicity was formulated as a measure for quantum chip benchmarking, and it was demonstrated that it can be used to estimate the circuit fidelity for global depolarizing noise and weakly correlated noise. For a quadratic postprocessing function, our framework recovered Google's result on estimating the circuit fidelity via linear cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB), and we gave a sufficient condition on the noise model characterizing when such estimation is valid. The results establish an interesting connection between ergodicity and noise in random circuits and provide new insights into designing quantum benchmarking schemes. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： quantum electronics

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Electric dipole moments from the perspective of a scalar triplet and singlet extension of the MSSM: A study of neutrons, electrons, mercury, and b and c quarks

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Physical Review D 2025年第1期111卷 015033-015033页

作者： Qing-hua Li Jin-Lei Yang Xiang Yang Tai-Fu Feng Department of Physics Hebei University Baoding 071002 China Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory Baoding 071002 China Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Baoding 071002 China Department of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China

In the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model extension with new scalar triplets and singlet (TNMSSM), we analyze the electric dipole moment (EDM) of neutrons (dn), electrons EDM(de), mercury EDM(dHg), and b quarks (db) and c quarks (dc) by considering the contributions from the one-loop diagrams, some two-loop diagrams, and the Weinberg operators. The effects of TNMSSM specific CP-violating sources χd, χt on dn, de, dHg, db, and dc are specialized; it is found that they have significant contributions to these EDMs, and the current upper bounds on dn impose strict constraints on χd, χt. The theoretical predictions on db, dc can reach about 10−22 e·cm and 10−23 e·cm respectively by taking the upper bounds on dn, de, and dHg into account, which have great potential to be observed in the future.

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Gauss relations in Feynman integrals

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Physical Review D 2025年第1期111卷 016015-016015页

作者： Tai-Fu Feng Yang Zhou Hai-Bin Zhang Department of Physics Hebei University Baoding 071002 China Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory Baoding 071002 China Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Baoding 071002 China Department of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China

Embedding Feynman integrals in Grassmannians, we can write Feynman integrals as some finite linear combinations of generalized hypergeometric functions. In this paper, we present a general method to obtain Gauss relations among those generalized hypergeometric functions. The hypergeometric expressions of Feynman integral are continued from a connected component to another by the inverse Gauss relations, then continued to the whole domain of definition by the Gauss-Kummer relations. The Laurent series of the Feynman integral around the space-time dimension D=4 is obtained by the Gauss adjacent relations, where the coefficient of the term with power of D−4 is given as the linear combinations of hypergeometric functions with integer parameters. As examples, we illustrate how to obtain the expressions for the Feynman integrals of the 1-loop self-energy and a 2-loop massless triangle diagram in the domains of definition.

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Generalized Cross-Entropy Benchmarking for Random Circuits with Ergodicity

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Bin Meng, Fei Zhang, Zhi-Jiong Yung, Man-Hong Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong QICI Quantum Information and Computation Initiative Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong International Quantum Academy Shenzhen518048 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Cross-entropy benchmarking is a central technique used to certify a quantum chip in recent experiments. To better understand its mathematical foundation and develop new benchmarking schemes, we introduce the concept of ergodicity to random circuit sampling and find that the Haar random quantum circuit satisfies an ergodicity condition—the average of certain types of post-processing function over the output bit strings is close to the average over the unitary ensemble. For noiseless random circuits, we prove that the ergodicity holds for polynomials of degree t with positive coefficients and when the random circuits form a unitary 2t-design. For strong enough noise, the ergodicity condition is violated. This suggests that ergodicity is a property that can be exploited to certify a quantum chip. We formulate the deviation of ergodicity as a measure for quantum chip benchmarking and show that it can be used to estimate the circuit fidelity for global depolarizing noise and weakly correlated noise. For a quadratic post-processing function, our framework recovers Google’s result on estimating the circuit fidelity via linear cross-entropy benchmarking (XEB), and we give a sufficient condition on the noise model characterizing when such estimation is valid. Our results establish an interesting connection between ergodicity and noise in random circuits and provide new insights into designing quantum benchmarking schemes. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum electronics

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Variational approach to the dynamics of dissipative quantum impurity models

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Physical Review B 2025年第15期111卷 155113-155113页

作者： Yi-Fan Qu Martino Stefanini Tao Shi Tilman Esslinger Sarang Gopalakrishnan Jamir Marino Eugene Demler Institute for Theoretical Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland Institut für Physik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute for Quantum Electronics & Quantum Center ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA

Recent experiments with quantum simulators using ultracold atoms and superconducting qubits have demonstrated the potential of controlled dissipation as a versatile tool for realizing correlated many-body states. However, determining the dynamics of dissipative quantum many-body systems remains a significant analytical and numerical challenge. In this paper, we focus on a dissipative impurity problem as a testbed for new methodological developments. We introduce an efficient nonperturbative framework that combines the superposition of Gaussian states variational ansatz with the quantum trajectory approach to simulate open systems featuring a dissipative impurity. Applying this method to a spinful impurity subject to two-body losses and embedded in a bath of noninteracting fermions, we explore the full crossover from weak to strong dissipation regimes. The nonperturbative nature of the SGS ansatz allows us to thoroughly examine this crossover, providing comprehensive insights into the behavior of the system. In the strong dissipation regime, our approach reproduces the finding that localized two-body losses can induce the Kondo effect [Stefanini et al., arXiv:2406.03527], characterized by a slowdown of spin relaxation and an enhancement of charge conductance. Furthermore, we reveal an exotic negative conductance phenomenon at zero potential bias—a counterintuitive single-body effect resulting from intermediate dissipation and finite bandwidth. Finally, we investigate the formation of ferromagnetic domains and propose an extension to realize a higher-spin Kondo model using localized dissipation.

关键词： Variational techniques

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Ground-state selection via many-body superradiant decay

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Physical Review Research 2025年第2期7卷 L022015-L022015页

作者： Wai-Keong Mok Stuart J. Masson Dan M. Stamper-Kurn Tanya Zelevinsky Ana Asenjo-Garcia Institute for Quantum Information and Matter California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Department of Physics Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Challenge Institute for Quantum Computation University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA

For a single particle, relaxation into different ground states is governed by fixed branching ratios determined by the transition matrix element and the environment. Here, we show that in many-body open quantum systems the occupation probability of one ground state can be boosted well beyond what is dictated by single-particle branching ratios. Despite the competition, interactions suppress all but the dominant decay transition, leading to a “winner takes all” dynamic where the system primarily settles into the dominant ground state. We prove that, in the presence of permutation symmetry, this problem is exactly solvable for any number of competing channels. Additionally, we develop an approximate model for the dynamics by mapping the evolution onto a fluid continuity equation, and analytically demonstrate that the dominant transition ratio converges to unity as a power law with increasing system size, for any branching ratios. This near-deterministic preparation of the dominant ground state has broad applicability. As an example, we discuss a protocol for molecular photoassociation where collective dynamics effectively acts as a catalyst, amplifying the yield in a specific final state. Our results open different avenues for many-body strategies in the preparation and control of quantum systems.

关键词： Dynamics

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Relativistic effects in the strong and electromagnetic decays of the meson

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The European Physical Journal C 2025年第3期85卷 1-7页

作者： Jia, Man Li, Wei Pei, Su-Yan Du, Xin-Yao Ning, Guo-Zhu Wang, Guo-Li Department of Physics Hebei University Baoding China Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory Hebei University Baoding China Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Hebei University Baoding China College of Science Hebei Agriculture University Baoding China

In this paper, we solve the complete Salpeter equation and use the obtained relativistic wave function to calculate the strong and radiative electromagnetic decays of the $${D^*}$$ meson. We obtain the results $$\Gamma (D^{*}(2007)^{0}\rightarrow D^{0}\pi ^{0})=34.6~\textrm{keV}$$ and $$\Gamma (D^{*}(2007)^{0}\rightarrow D^{0}\gamma )=19.4~\textrm{keV}$$ , and the estimated full width is $$\Gamma (D^{*}(2007)^{0})=54.0~\textrm{keV}$$ . The focus of this study is on the relativistic corrections. In our method, the wave function of the D meson is not a pure S-wave, but includes both a non-relativistic S-wave and a relativistic P-wave, while the wave function of the $$D^*$$ meson includes a non-relativistic S-wave as well as both relativistic P-wave and D-wave. Therefore, in this case, the decay $${D^{*}\rightarrow {D}\gamma }$$ is not a non-relativistic M1 transition, but rather an $$M1+E2+M3+E4$$ decay. We find that in a strong decay $$D^{*}\rightarrow {D}{\pi }$$ , the non-relativistic contribution is dominant, while in an electromagnetic decay $${D^{*}\rightarrow {D}\gamma }$$ , the relativistic correction is dominant.

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Neutrino reheating predictions with non-thermal leptogenesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xinyi Department of Physics Hebei University Baoding071002 China Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory Baoding071002 China Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Baoding071002 China

Connecting inflation with neutrino physics through non-thermal leptogenesis via direct inflaton-right-handed neutrino (RHN) coupling naturally incorporates neutrino reheating, leaving no ambiguity regarding the early history of the universe. In ref. [1], we demonstrate that non-thermal leptogenesis from inflaton decay expands the viable parameter space compared to thermal leptogenesis and provides a natural link to inflation. In this work, we refine our previous findings by closely examining the dynamics of neutrino reheating. We first calculate the duration of neutrino reheating on a general basis, then analyze inflationary observables consistent with neutrino reheating across four models, establishing a direct connection between baryon asymmetry and the spectral index. This approach places these two important observables on the same plane and yields specific predictions that help break the degeneracy among inflationary models. The well-motivated and economical framework offers a simple, natural, and testable description of the early universe. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrons

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Enhancement of sensitivity near exceptional points in dissipative qubit-resonator systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Han, Pei-Rong Wu, Fan Huang, Xin-Jie Wu, Huai-Zhi Zou, Chang-Ling Yi, Wei Zhang, Mengzhen Li, Hekang Xu, Kai Zheng, Dongning Fan, Heng Wen, Jianming Yang, Zhen-Biao Zheng, Shi-Biao School of Physics and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Longyan University Longyan364012 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Binghamton University BinghamtonNY13902 United States Department of Physics Kennesaw State University MariettaGA30060 United States

Dissipation usually plays a negative role in quantum metrological technologies, which aim to improve measurement precision by leveraging quantum effects that are vulnerable to environment-induced decoherence. Recently, it has been demonstrated that dissipation can actually be used as a favorable resource for enhancing the susceptibility of signal detection. However, demonstrations of such enhancement for detecting physical quantities in open quantum systems are still lacking. Here we propose and demonstrate a protocol for realizing such non-Hermitian quantum sensors for probing the coupling between a qubit and a resonator subjecting to energy dissipations. The excitation-number conversion associated with the no-jump evolution trajectory enables removal of the noisy outcomes with quantum jumps, implementing the exceptional point (EP), where the Rabi splitting exhibits a divergent behavior in response to a tiny variation of the effective coupling. The sensitivity enhancement near the EP is confirmed by both theoretical calculation and experimental measurement. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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