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arXiv 2018年

作者： Kulkarni, Vaibhav Mahalunkar, Abhijit Garbinato, Benoit Kelleher, John D. Distributed Object Programming Laboratory UNIL-HEC Lausanne Switzerland Applied Intelligence Research Center Dublin Institute of Technology

We examine the non-Markovian nature of human mobility by exposing the inability of Markov models to capture criticality in human mobility. In particular, the assumed Markovian nature of mobility was used to establish a theoretical upper bound on the predictability of human mobility (expressed as a minimum error probability limit), based on temporally correlated entropy. Since its inception, this bound has been widely used and empirically validated using Markov chains. We show that recurrent-neural architectures can achieve significantly higher predictability, surpassing this widely used upper bound. In order to explain this anomaly, we shed light on several underlying assumptions in previous research works that has resulted in this bias. By evaluating the mobility predictability on real-world datasets, we show that human mobility exhibits scale-invariant long-range correlations, bearing similarity to a power-law decay. This is in contrast to the initial assumption that human mobility follows an exponential decay. This assumption of exponential decay coupled with Lempel-Ziv compression in computing Fano's inequality has led to an inaccurate estimation of the predictability upper bound. We show that this approach inflates the entropy, consequently lowering the upper bound on human mobility predictability. We finally highlight that this approach tends to overlook long-range correlations in human mobility. This explains why recurrent-neural architectures that are designed to handle long-range structural correlations surpass the previously computed upper bound on mobility predictability. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Criticality (nuclear fission)

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Abstract modelling: Towards a typed declarative language for the conceptual modelling phase 17

Abstract modelling: Towards a typed declarative language for...

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8th International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Modeling Languages and Tools, EOOLT 2017

作者： Legatiuk, Dmitrii Nilsson, Henrik DFG Research Training Group 1462 Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Weimar Germany Functional Programming Laboratory School of Computer Science University of Nottingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450363730

The growing complexity of modern engineering tasks necessitates improved tool support for modelling, in particular tools allowing early detection of modelling errors. Broadly, there are two classes of modelling errors: (i) errors related to abstract modelling, e.g. conceptual errors concerning the coherence of a model as a whole, and (ii) errors related to concrete modelling, e.g. questions of approximation quality and implementation. Concrete modelling errors are relatively well understood, but abstract modelling errors less so. If, however, abstract modelling errors could be detected early, before concrete implementation starts, this would be very beneficial. Unfortunately, existing engineering tools, like current modelling languages, do not support modelling in the abstract well, leaving a gap in the engineering tool chain. To overcome this problem, this paper presents a first step towards a language supporting abstract modelling in mathematical physics with the aim of ensuring coherence of coupled multiphysics models early in the design process. To that end, following the approach of Functional Hybrid Modelling, we discuss how a language supporting quite general modelling equations can be realised as an embedding in Haskell. The appeal of the approach is that only few core concepts are needed, simplifying the semantics, and that much of the language infrastructure comes for free thanks to embedding. © 2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Errors

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Scientific Data Lake for High Luminosity LHC project and other data-intensive particle and astro-particle physics experiments

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1690卷

作者： A Alekseev A Kiryanov A Klimentov T Korchuganova V Mitsyn D Oleynik A Smirnov S Smirnov A Zarochentsev Compiler Technology Department Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the RAS Moscow 109004 Russia Cloud technologies and Big Data analytics laboratory Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Moscow 117997 Russia ATLAS group Universidad Andres Bello Santiago 7550196 Chile Department of computing resources and technologies NRC 'Kurchatov Institute' - PNPI 188300 Gatchina Russia Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Laboratory of Information Technologies Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna 141980 Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics and Engineering National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409 Russia Laboratory of Ultra-High Energy Physics Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 198504 Russia

The next phase of LHC Operations – High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), which is aimed at ten-fold increase in the luminosity of proton-proton collisions at the energy of 14 TeV, is expected to start operation in 2027-2028 and will deliver an unprecedented scientific data volume of multi-exabyte scale. This amount of data has to be stored and the corresponding storage system should ensure fast and reliable data delivery for processing by scientific groups distributed all over the world. The present LHC computing and data processing model will not be able to provide the required infrastructure growth even taking into account the expected hardware technology evolution. To address this challenge the new state-of-the-art computing infrastructure technologies are now being developed and are presented here. The possibilities of application of the HL-LHC distributed data handling technique for other particle and astro-particle physics experiments dealing with large-scale data volumes like DUNE, LSST, Belle-II, JUNO, SKAO etc. are also discussed.

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Scheduling Chapel tasks with Qthreads on manycore: A tale of two schedulers 7

Scheduling Chapel tasks with Qthreads on manycore: A tale of...

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7th International Workshop on Runtime and Operating Systems for Supercomputers, ROSS 2017

作者： Evans, Noah Olivier, Stephen L. Barrett, Richard Stelle, George Center for Computing Research Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM United States Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM United States Programming Models Team Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350860

This paper describes improvements in task scheduling for the Chapel parallel programming language provided in its default on-node tasking runtime, the Qthreads library. We describe a new scheduler distrib which builds on the approaches of two previous Qthreads schedulers, Sherwood and Nemesis, and combines the best aspects of both-work stealing and load balancing from Sherwood and a lock free queue access from Nemesis- to make task queuing better suited for the use of Chapel in the manycore era. We demonstrate the efficacy of this new scheduler by showing improvements in various individual benchmarks of the Chapel test suite on the Intel Knights Landing architecture. © 2017 ACM.

关键词： Scheduling

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Conceptual model of the VR module for “Virtual plaza for interactive presentation of Bulgarian cultural heritage”

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2172卷

作者： Angel Bachvarov Dimo Chotrov Yordan Yordanov Zlatka Uzunova 1Technical University Sofia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department Automation of Discrete Production Engineering Bulgaria 2Technical University Sofia Faculty of Computer Systems and Technologies Department Programming and Computer Technologies Bulgaria 3Technical University Sofia Faculty of German Engineering Education and Industrial Management Bulgaria 4Research and Development and Innovation Consortium Virtual and Augmented Reality Laboratory Bulgaria

In the last years, Virtual Reality (VR) has been established itself as a highly promising media technology for reconstruction and presentation of cultural heritage sites to a wide audience. Virtual Reality enables not only an exploration of a single artefact but of many virtual objects spatially and temporally arranged into a single scene. The users enter an artificially created space and get a feeling of being a part of it. They can perceive and interact with the objects in the virtual environment in natural way. In this paper we propose a conceptual model of the VR module for the “Virtual Plaza for Immersive Representation of Bulgarian Cultural Heritage Sites”. It contains an analysis of the possible input data and the developed workflows to help experts from the cultural heritage domain to implement various scenarios for presentation of single artefacts and complete scene par of cultural heritage site using the benefits of Virtual Reality as visualization medium.

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Revealing academic web interlinking motives through webometrics and statistical techniques: Nigerian university websites as a case study

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International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology 2016年第4期11卷 335-350页

作者： Nwohiri, Anthony M. Pechnikov, Andrey A. Department of Programming Technologies Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Control Processes St. Petersburg State University 7-9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya St. Petersburg199034 Russia Laboratory for Telecommunications Systems Institute of Applied Mathematical Research Karelian Research Centre Russian Academy of Sciences Russia 11 Pushkinskaya Street Petrozavodsk Karelia Rep.185910 Russia

The websites of the universities of Africa's most populous country Nigeria were examined. The goal was to unearth the reasons why external hyperlinks are placed on these sites and identify any peculiarities by geographical location. Academic website interlinking motivations were formulated. Over 6,000 hyperlinks placed on the websites of 86 Nigerian universities were categorised under these interlinking motivations. Categorising the motivations by examining the source and target pages of each hyperlink was an arduous task. Statistical analysis offered a clearer picture of the interlinking motives. A chi-squared test revealed distinctive features, which are characteristic of specific geographical regions of Nigeria. The study serves as a route to further research on feasibility of findings in other developing countries. Results obtained could be of great importance for academic webpage developers and authors. The results could modify their work towards improving the use of hyperlinks as a major communication tool on the web. Copyright © 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data mining

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Including gap junctions into distributed neuronal network simulations 1

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2nd International Workshop on Brain-Inspired Computing, BrainComp 2015

作者： Hahne, Jan Helias, Moritz Kunkel, Susanne Igarashi, Jun Kitayama, Itaru Wylie, Brian Bolten, Matthias Frommer, Andreas Diesmann, Markus School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Wuppertal Wuppertal Germany and JARA BRAIN Institute I Jülich Research Centre Jülich Germany RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Programming Environment Research Team Kobe Japan Department of Computational Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Communication KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Simulation Laboratory Neuroscience Bernstein Facility for Simulation and Database Technology Institute for Advanced Simulation Jülich Aachen Research Alliance Jülich Research Centre Jülich Germany Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Neural Computation Unit Okinawa Japan Laboratory for Neural Circuit Theory RIKEN Brain Science Institute Wako Japan HPC Usability Research Team RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science Kobe Japan Jülich Supercomputing Centre Jülich Research Centre Jülich Germany Institut für Mathematik Universität Kassel Kassel Germany Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Physics Faculty 1 RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783319508627

ISBN: (纸本)9783319508610

Contemporary simulation technology for neuronal networks enables the simulation of brain-scale networks using neuron models with a single or a few compartments. However, distributed simulations at full cell density are still lacking the electrical coupling between cells via so called gap junctions. This is due to the absence of efficient algorithms to simulate gap junctions on large parallel computers. The difficulty is that gap junctions require an instantaneous interaction between the coupled neurons, whereas the efficiency of simulation codes for spiking neurons relies on delayed communication. In a recent paper [15] we describe a technology to overcome this obstacle. Here, we give an overview of the challenges to include gap junctions into a distributed simulation scheme for neuronal networks and present an implementation of the new technology available in the NEural Simulation Tool (NEST 2.10.0). Subsequently we introduce the usage of gap junctions in model scripts as well as benchmarks assessing the performance and overhead of the technology on the supercomputers JUQUEEN and K computer. © Springer International Publishing AG 2016.

关键词： Supercomputers

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Automatic Fault Detection in WDM-PON with Tunable Photon Counting OTDR

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2015年第24期33卷 5025-5031页

作者： Amaral, Gustavo C. Garcia, Joaquim D. Herrera, Luis E. Y. Temporão, Guilherme P. Urban, Patryk J. Von Der Weid, Jean Pierre Center for Telecommunications Studies Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro22451-900 Brazil Laboratory for Applied Mathematical Programming and Statistics Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro22451-900 Brazil Ericsson Research Ericsson AB Stockholm164 83 Sweden

An automatic fiber-optical fault analysis system making use of a tunable photon counting optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) (ν-OTDR) is proposed and demonstrated in a passive optical network testbed. The employment of the 1 trend filter as a signal processing tool enables the minimization of the intrinsic coherent random noise impact on the acquired data and also an automatic identification of fiber faults. A feedback loop between an FPGA-based acquisition unit and the filter's selections yields highly accurate automatic results and minute monitoring periods with ITU-T grid DWDM tunability, spatial resolution of 6 m and a measured 32 dB dynamic range. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reflectometers

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Eigenvalue tunneling and decay of quenched random network

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Physical Review E 2016年第6期94卷 062313-062313页

作者： V. Avetisov M. Hovhannisyan A. Gorsky S. Nechaev M. Tamm O. Valba N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences 119991 Moscow Russia Department of Applied Mathematics National Research University Higher School of Economics 101000 Moscow Russia Chair of Programming and Information Technologies Yerevan State University Yerevan Armenia Institute of Information Transmission Problems Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny 141700 Russia Poncelet Laboratory Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMI2615) Independent University of Moscow Moscow Russia P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences 119991 Moscow Russia Physics Department Moscow State University 119992 Moscow Russia

We consider the canonical ensemble of N-vertex Erdős-Rényi (ER) random topological graphs with quenched vertex degree, and with fugacity μ for each closed triple of bonds. We claim complete defragmentation of large-N graphs into the collection of [p−1] almost full subgraphs (cliques) above critical fugacity, μc, where p is the ER bond formation probability. Evolution of the spectral density, ρ(λ), of the adjacency matrix with increasing μ leads to the formation of a multizonal support for μ>μc. Eigenvalue tunneling from the central zone to the side one means formation of a new clique in the defragmentation process. The adjacency matrix of the network ground state has a block-diagonal form, where the number of vertices in blocks fluctuates around the mean value Np. The spectral density of the whole network in this regime has triangular shape. We interpret the phenomena from the viewpoint of the conventional random matrix model and speculate about possible physical applications.

关键词： Clustering Collective behavior in networks Critical phenomena Evolving networks Network evolution Network phase transitions

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Publisher Correction: Re-analysis of public genetic data reveals a rare X-chromosomal variant associated with type 2 diabetes

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Nature communications 2018年第1期9卷 2162页

作者： Sílvia Bonàs-Guarch Marta Guindo-Martínez Irene Miguel-Escalada Niels Grarup David Sebastian Elias Rodriguez-Fos Friman Sánchez Mercè Planas-Fèlix Paula Cortes-Sánchez Santi González Pascal Timshel Tune H Pers Claire C Morgan Ignasi Moran Goutham Atla Juan R González Montserrat Puiggros Jonathan Martí Ehm A Andersson Carlos Díaz Rosa M Badia Miriam Udler Aaron Leong Varindepal Kaur Jason Flannick Torben Jørgensen Allan Linneberg Marit E Jørgensen Daniel R Witte Cramer Christensen Ivan Brandslund Emil V Appel Robert A Scott Jian'an Luan Claudia Langenberg Nicholas J Wareham Oluf Pedersen Antonio Zorzano Jose C Florez Torben Hansen Jorge Ferrer Josep Maria Mercader David Torrents Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology 08034 Barcelona Spain. Genomic Programming of Beta-cells Laboratory Institut d'Investigacions August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) 08036 Barcelona Spain. Instituto de Salud Carlos III Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) 28029 Madrid Spain. Section of Epigenomics and Disease Department of Medicine Imperial College London London W12 0NN UK. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Section for Metabolic Genetics Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen Denmark. Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 10-12 08028 Barcelona Spain. Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona 08028 Barcelona Spain. Computer Sciences Department Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS) 08034 Barcelona Spain. Department of Epidemiology Research Statens Serum Institut 2300 Copenhagen Denmark. Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA 02116 USA. Medical and Population Genetics Program Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA 02142 USA. ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) 08003 Barcelona Spain. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) 28029 Madrid Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) 08003 Barcelona Spain. Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (IIIA) Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) 28006 Madrid Spain. Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA 02142 USA. Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA. Division of General Internal Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Bost

In the originally published version of this Article, the affiliation details for Santi González, Jian'an Luan and Claudia Langenberg were inadvertently omitted. Santi González should have been affiliated with 'Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB research Program in Computational Biology, 08034 Barcelona, Spain', and Jian'an Luan and Claudia Langenberg should have been affiliated with 'MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK'. Furthermore, the abstract contained an error in the SNP ID for the rare variant in chromosome Xq23, which was incorrectly given as rs146662057 and should have been rs146662075. These errors have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

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