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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lagomarsino, Marta Groenhuis, Vincent Casadio, Maura Welleweerd, Marcel K. Siepel, Françoise J. Stramigioli, Stefano Laboratory Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede7522NB Netherlands Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genoa Via Opera Pia 13 Genoa16145 Italy Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy

A biopsy is the only diagnostic procedure for accurate histological confirmation of breast cancer. When sonographic placement is not feasible, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)-guided biopsy is often preferred. The lack of real-time imaging information and the deformations of the breast make it challenging to bring the needle precisely towards the tumour detected in pre-interventional Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. The current manual MRI-guided biopsy workflow is inaccurate and would benefit from a technique that allows real-time tracking and localisation of the tumour lesion during needle insertion. This paper proposes a robotic setup and software architecture to assist the radiologist in targeting MR-detected suspicious tumours. The approach benefits from image fusion of preoperative images with intraoperative optical tracking of markers attached to the patient's skin. A hand-mounted biopsy device has been constructed with an actuated needle base to drive the tip toward the desired direction. The steering commands may be provided both by user input and by computer guidance. The workflow is validated through phantom experiments. On average, the suspicious breast lesion is targeted with a radius down to 2.3 mm. The results suggest that robotic systems taking into account breast deformations have the potentials to tackle this clinical challenge. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biopsy

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F&A compensating variable bang-bang control algorithm for pneumatic driving glass-wall cleaning robot

F&A compensating variable bang-bang control algorithm for pn...

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2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： W. Wang H. X. Zhang W. P. Yu G. H. Zong J. W. Zhang Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing Aeronautics and Astronautics University Beijing China Institute of Technical Aspects of Multimodal Systems Department of Computer Science University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany Cognitive Technology Laboratory Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China

To overcome the overshoot and oscillation in the normal Bang-Bang controller applied in the pneumatic driving glass-wall cleaning robot, this paper presents a F&A compensating variable Bang-Bang control algorithm for the pneumatic position servo. Besides a new cylinder driving plan is designed, the control algorithm is also improved by adding a fiction force compensating item in the chamber force evaluation equation. To adjust the controlling parameters dynamically, certain increasing functions, such as step function, linear function and arc-tangent function, are used to define the piston's expectative acceleration along with the reduction of the piston's position error. To testify the feasibility of the control algorithms with the above three expectative acceleration setting functions respectively, a pneumatic glass-wall cleaning robot "Sky Cleaner 4" is used as a testing platform to implement a series of on-load position servo experiments. And the different results of them are compared.

关键词： Bang-bang control Cleaning Robots Servomechanisms Testing Algorithm design and analysis Force control Equations Acceleration Error correction

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Distributed algorithms that solve boolean equations with local and differential privacies

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Qi, Hongsheng Li, Bo Jing, Rui-Juan Wang, Lei Proutiere, Alexandre Shi, Guodong Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Faculty of Science Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China Australian Center for Field Robotics School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Sydney NSW2006 Australia Department of Automatic Control Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100-44 Sweden

In this paper, we propose distributed algorithms that solve a system of Boolean equations over a network, where each node in the network possesses only one Boolean equation from the system. The Boolean equation assigned at any particular node is a private equation known to this node only, and the nodes aim to compute the exact set of solutions to the system without exchanging their local equations. We show that each private Boolean equation can be locally lifted to a linear algebraic equation under a basis of Boolean vectors, leading to a network linear equation that is distributedly solvable using existing distributed linear equation algorithms as a subroutine. A number of exact or approximate solutions to the induced linear equation are then computed at each node from different initial values. The solutions to the original Boolean equations are eventually computed locally via a Boolean vector search algorithm. We prove that given solvable Boolean equations, when the initial values of the nodes for the distributed linear equation solving step are i.i.d selected according to a uniform distribution in a high-dimensional cube, our algorithms return the exact solution set of the Boolean equations at each node with high probability. Furthermore, we present an algorithm for distributed verification of the satisfiability of Boolean equations, and prove its correctness. Finally, we show that by utilizing linear equation solvers with differential privacy to replace the in-network computing routines, the overall distributed Boolean equation algorithms can be made differentially private. Under the standard Laplace mechanism, we prove an explicit level of noises that can be injected in the linear equation steps for ensuring a prescribed level of differential privacy. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear equations

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Infeasibility-free inverse kinematics method

Infeasibility-free inverse kinematics method

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Wael Suleiman Fumio Kanehiro Eiichi Yoshida Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Quebec Canada Intelligent Systems Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan CNRS-AIST JRL (Joint Robotics Laboratory) Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372435

The problem of inverse kinematics is revisited in the present paper. The paper is focusing on the problem of solving the inverse kinematics problem while respecting velocity limits on both the robot's joints and the end-effector. Even-though the conventional inverse kinematics algorithms have been proven to be efficient in many applications, defining an admissible trajectory for the end-effector is still a burdensome task for the user, and the problem can easily become unsolvable. The main idea behind the proposed algorithms is to consider the sampling time as a free variable, hence adding more flexibility to the optimization problem associated with the inverse kinematics. We prove that the reformulated problem has always a solution if the end-effector path is in the reachable space of the robot, thus solving the problem of infeasibility of conventional inverse kinematics methods. To validate the proposed approach, we have conducted three simulations scenarios. The simulation results point that while the conventional inverse kinematics methods fail to track precisely a desired end-effector trajectory, the proposed algorithms always succeed.

关键词： Kinematics Optimization Robots Trajectory Algorithm design and analysis Jacobian matrices Angular velocity

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A 350 C piezoresistive n-type 4H-SiC pressure sensor for hydraulic and pneumatic pressure tests

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Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 2020年第5期30卷

作者： Fang, Xudong Wu, Chen Zhao, Yulong Jiang, Zhuangde Rong, Weibing Feng, Zhihong Lv, Yuanjie State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China National Key Laboratory of Application Specific Integrated Circuit Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute Shijiazhuang050051 China

It has been a challenge to develop pressure sensors that can work in harsh environments. In this work, a piezoresistive n-type 4H-SiC pressure sensor is demonstrated, capable of working at 350 C under hydraulic and pneumatic pressure. The pressure measuring range of this sensor is 7 MPa and the chip dimension is 2.5 mm 2.5 mm 0.23 mm. A reliable Ti/TaSi2/Pt metal ohmic contact is used in the sensor and experimental results show that the metal combination can withstand a wide temperature range of 30 C-350 C. In order to avoid thermal stress induced by the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients of different packaging materials when increasing temperature, a double-layer bonding scheme of cement glue and epoxy is proposed. The inner layer of the chip and the kovar alloy base are directly bonded with the epoxy, while the outer layer is wrapped with the high-temperature cement glue. Experiments confirm that this method can achieve reliable packaging with temperatures up to 350 C for 5 h. Based on the above key technologies, the sensitivity of this sensor can reach 13.2 mV V-1 kPa-1 and the test data exhibit high linearity and repeatability. Static tests prove that the sensor has good media compatibility which can operate under a hydraulic pressure load at 220 C and a barometric pressure load under 350 C. The sensor in this work can provide a reference for pressure measurements at high temperature and in complex media environments. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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Learning compliance control of robot manipulators in contact with the unknown environment

Learning compliance control of robot manipulators in contact...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Yanan Li Chenguang Yang Shuzhi Sam Ge Social Robotics Laboratory Interactive Digital Media Institute and NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London London UK Institute of Intelligent Systems University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424454471

In this paper, a control mechanism is presented to improve the compliance performance of the robot manipulator when it is in contact with the unknown environment. This mechanism guarantees that the dynamics of the whole system follows a target impedance model so that the desired compliance performance is obtained. In particular, under the assumption that the dynamics is periodic, a learning law is developed to estimate the unknown dynamics parameters. Besides, the proposed systematic learning control does not require the accurate force measurement. Its performance and robustness are discussed in details by the rigorous analysis. At last, the validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation.

关键词： Impedance Manipulator dynamics Force Control design Force measurement

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Controllability and accessibility on graphs for bilinear systems over lie groups

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Xing Li, Bo Li, Jr-Shin Petersen, Ian R. Shi, Guodong Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University St. LouisMO63130 United States Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials Engineering Australian National University CanberraACT0200 Australia Australian Center for Field Robotics School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Sydney NSW2006 Australia

This paper presents graph theoretic conditions for the controllability and accessibility of bilinear systems over the special orthogonal group, the special linear group and the general linear group, respectively, in the presence of drift terms. Such bilinear systems naturally induce two interaction graphs: one graph from the drift, and another from the controlled dynamics. As a result, the system controllability or accessibility becomes a property of the two graphs in view of the classical Lie algebra rank condition. We establish a systemic way of transforming the Lie bracket operations in the underlying Lie algebra, into specific operations of removing or creating links over the drift and controlled interaction graphs. As a result, we establish a series of graphical conditions for the controllability and accessibility of such bilinear systems, which rely only on the connectivity of the union of the drift and controlled interaction graphs. We present examples to illustrate the validity of the established results, and show that the proposed conditions are in fact considerably tight. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Controllability

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Fixed-time Adaptive Neural Control for Physical Human-Robot Collaboration with Time-Varying Workspace Constraints

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sun, Yuzhu Van, Mien McIlvanna, Stephen Nhat, Nguyen Minh McLoone, Seán Ceglarek, Dariusz Ge, Shuzhi Sam The Centre for Intelligent Autonomous Manufacturing Systems School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Northern Ireland Belfast United Kingdom The Warwick Manufacturing Group University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Social Robotics Laboratory National University of Singapore Singapore

Physical human-robot collaboration (pHRC) requires both compliance and safety guarantees since robots coordinate with human actions in a shared workspace. This paper presents a novel fixed-time adaptive neural control methodology for handling time-varying workspace constraints that occur in physical human-robot collaboration while also guaranteeing compliance during intended force interactions. The proposed methodology combines the benefits of compliance control, time-varying integral barrier Lyapunov function (TVIBLF) and fixed-time techniques, which not only achieve compliance during physical contact with human operators but also guarantee time-varying workspace constraints and fast tracking error convergence without any restriction on the initial conditions. Furthermore, a neural adaptive control law is designed to compensate for the unknown dynamics and disturbances of the robot manipulator such that the proposed control framework is overall fixed-time converged and capable of online learning without any prior knowledge of robot dynamics and disturbances. The proposed approach is finally validated on a simulated two-link robot manipulator. Simulation results show that the proposed controller is superior in the sense of both tracking error and convergence time compared with the existing barrier Lyapunov functions based controllers, while simultaneously guaranteeing compliance and safety. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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Optimal Sensor Placement for Acoustic Range-Based Underwater Robot Positioning

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第33期46卷 215-220页

作者： Thomas Glotzbach David Moreno-Salinas Antonio Pascoal Joaquin Aranda Institute for Automation and Systems Engineering Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau Germany (Tel: +49-3677-69-4107) Departamento de Informática y Automática ETSI Informática Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Madrid Spain Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) Univ. Lisbon Portugal Adjunct Scientist National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) Goa India

This paper addresses the problem of optimal sensor placement for acoustic range-based underwater target positioning. In particular, we focus on the experimental set-up whereby target positioning is performed by measuring the ranges between the underwater target and a number of surface units equipped with acoustic ranging devices and GPS. With the objective of affording the reader a concise overview of the main theoretical challenges involved, this paper starts with a survey of previous work done in the area, including that of the authors. By casting the problem at hand in the form of a classical estimation problem we describe and solve the equivalent mathematical problem of maximizing the determinant of a conveniently defined Fisher Information Matrix (FIM). The latter is related to the Cramér-Rao Bound, which equals the smallest possible position estimation error variance that can possibly be achieved with any unbiased estimator. To further clarify the presentation, the details of Monte Carlo simulations in 2D and 3D with a selected target positioning algorithm are included to confirm the theoretical results numerically.

关键词： Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Underwater Navigation Optimal Sensor Placement Fisher Information Matrix Cramér-Rao Bound Maximum Likelihood Estimation

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WORKSHOP: The role of expectations in intuitive human-robot interaction

WORKSHOP: The role of expectations in intuitive human-robot ...

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ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

作者： Verena Hafner Manja Lohse Joachim Meyer Yukie Nagai Britta Wrede Department of Computer Science Cognitive Robotics Berlin Germany CoR-Laboratory and Applied Informatics Technical Faculty Bielefeld University Germany Department of Industrial Engineering and Management University of Negev Israel Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Japan Head of CoR-Laboratory research group Hybrid Society Technical Faculty Bielefeld University Germany

Human interaction is highly intuitive: we infer reactions of our opponents mainly from what we have learned in years of experience and often assume that other people have the same knowledge about certain situations, abilities, and expectations as we do. In human-robot interaction (HRI) we cannot take for granted that this is equally true since HRI is asymmetrical. In other words, robots have different abilities, knowledge, and expectations than humans. They need to react appropriately to human expectations and behaviour. With this respect, scientific advances have been made to date for applications in entertainment and service robotics that largely depend on intuitive interaction. However, HRI today is often still unnatural, slow, and unsatisfactory for the human interlocutor. Both the sensorimotor interaction with environment and interlocutor, and the social aspects of the interaction still need to be researched and improved. Therefore, this full-day workshop aims to bring together researchers from different scientific fields to discuss these crosscutting issues and to exchange views on what are the preconditions and principles of intuitive interaction.

关键词： Educational institutions Computer science Robot sensing systems Electronic mail Humans Industrial engineering

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