Fiber materials are key materials that have changed human history and promoted the progress of human civilization. In ancient times, humans used feathers and animal skins for clothing, and later they widely employed n...
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Fiber materials are key materials that have changed human history and promoted the progress of human civilization. In ancient times, humans used feathers and animal skins for clothing, and later they widely employed natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk and wool to make fabrics(Fig. 1a). Chinese ancestors had mastered the art of natural fiber weaving as early as the Neolithic *** thousand years ago, people were already familiar with and adept at techniques for spinning natural fibers [1].
With the widespread application of composite insulators in transmission lines,exploring the accumulation mechanism of pollution particles on composite insulator surfaces is of importance to ensure the safe and steady ...
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With the widespread application of composite insulators in transmission lines,exploring the accumulation mechanism of pollution particles on composite insulator surfaces is of importance to ensure the safe and steady operation of the power *** the current theoretical shortcomings,this study categorises the accumulation process of particles on the insulator surface into three stages,namely‘spatial motion’,‘surface collision’,and‘surface motion’.The motion and rotation velocities in a multi-physics field are calculated in the spatial motion *** the surface collision stage,a parameter called‘neck height’is introduced to determine the optimum mechanics theory,and the normal deposition criterion is *** the surface motion stage,the sliding displacement and rolling displacement on the surface are calculated based on the rotation speed of the particles.A dynamic pollution accumulation model of the composite insulator is estab-lished based on the normal deposition criterion and tangential ***,numerical simulations are performed by using the finite element *** results show that the proposed model agrees with the actual insulator pollution accu-mulation,and the deposition model is still applicable for various types of composite insulators operating in different applied *** deposition probability of particles increases with the increasing particle *** the surface motion stage,particle displacement increases with particle size and wind velocity.
Photonic structures at the wavelength scale offer innovative energy solutions for a wide range of applications,from high-efficiency photovoltaics to passive cooling,thus reshaping the global energy *** cooling based o...
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Photonic structures at the wavelength scale offer innovative energy solutions for a wide range of applications,from high-efficiency photovoltaics to passive cooling,thus reshaping the global energy *** cooling based on structural and material design presents new opportunities for sustainable carbon neutrality as a zero-energy,ecologically friendly cooling *** this review,in addition to introducing the fundamentals of the basic theory of radiative cooling technology,typical radiative cooling materials alongside their cooling effects over recent years are summarized and the current research status of radiative cooling materials is outlined and ***,technical challenges and potential advancements for radiative cooling are forecast with an outline of future application scenarios and development *** the future,radiative cooling is expected to make a significant contribution to global energy saving and emission reduction.
Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA)is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid ***,its complexity poses great challenges to their resource *** the sake of the alka...
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Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA)is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid ***,its complexity poses great challenges to their resource *** the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA,this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leaching experiments of various classified MSWIBA after *** the different categories of MSWIBA,waste glass(BA-G)and other unidentified slags(BA-O)were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation *** alkaline leaching experiments proved that alkaline concentration,reaction temperature,reaction time,and raw material classification influenced the leaching process and *** these,the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal *** the materials had Q_(n)(n>2)as the primary bonding structure,steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process,resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers *** the materials dominated by Q1 frameworks,OH-could penetrate the frameworks,leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward ***,the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution,providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.
In recent years,aqueous aluminum ion batteries have been widely studied owing to their abundant energy storage and high theo retical *** in-depth study of vanadium oxide materials is necessary to address the precipita...
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In recent years,aqueous aluminum ion batteries have been widely studied owing to their abundant energy storage and high theo retical *** in-depth study of vanadium oxide materials is necessary to address the precipitation of insoluble products covered cathode surface and the slow reaction ***,a method using a simple one-step hydrothermal preparation and oxalic acid to regulate oxygen vacancies has been reported.A high starting capacity(400 mAh g^(-1))can be achieved by Ov-V2O5,and it is capable of undergoing 200 cycles at 0.4 A g^(-1),with a termination discharge capacity of103 mAh g^(-1).Mechanism analysis demonstrated that metastable structures(AlxV2O5and HxV2O5)were constructed through the insertion of Al^(3+)/H^(+)during discharging,which existed in the lattice intercalation with *** incorporation of oxygen vacancies lowers the reaction energy barrier while improving the ion transport *** addition,the metastable structure allows the electrostatic interaction between Al3+and the main backbone to establish protection and optimize the transport *** parallel,this work exploits ex-situ characterization and DFT to obtain a profound insight into the instrumental effect of oxygen vacancies in the construction of metastable structures during in-situ electrochemical activation,with a view to better understanding the mechanism of the synergistic participation of Al3+and H+in the *** work not only reports a method for cathode materials to modulate oxygen vacancies,but also lays the foundation for a deeper understanding of the metastable structure of vanadium oxides.
This study applies single-valued neutrosophic sets, which extend the frameworks of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets, to graph theory. We introduce a new category of graphs called Single-Valued Heptapartitioned Neut...
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Despite recent advances in melanoma treatment through the use of antibody immunotherapy,the clinical benefit remains restricted by its inefficient infiltration and immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment(T...
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Despite recent advances in melanoma treatment through the use of antibody immunotherapy,the clinical benefit remains restricted by its inefficient infiltration and immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment(TME).In addition,immunerelated adverse events(irAEs)have often occurred due to the off-target binding of therapeutic drugs to normal tissues after systematic ***,we constructed an integrated and cascaded drug delivery system for the treatment of *** addition to blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand(PD-1/PD-L1)axis,the PD-L1 targeting peptide(FE)with spherical micelle self-assembly characteristics could also effectively encapsulate the immune adjuvant resiquimod(R848),and form a complete nano ***^(R)was further integrated into tumor-responsive microneedles(MNs)to establish FE^(R)@MN and could reach the cascaded ***^(R)could be sustainedly released from the MN system and disassemble into monomers,achieving PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade whilst reprogramming the immunosuppressive ***,FE^(R)@MN permits the controllable release and retention enhancement of the targeting peptide in the TME,thus causing prolonged PD-L1 blockade *** is demonstrated that this synergistic treatment could efficiently inhibit melanoma growth,providing a new strategy for the combination treatment of melanoma.
Aqueous aluminum ion batteries(AAIBs)have garnered extensive attention due to their environmental friendliness,high theoretical capacity,and low ***,the sluggish reaction kinetics and severe structural collapse of the...
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Aqueous aluminum ion batteries(AAIBs)have garnered extensive attention due to their environmental friendliness,high theoretical capacity,and low ***,the sluggish reaction kinetics and severe structural collapse of the cathode material,especially manganese oxide,during the cycling process have hindered its further ***,Cu^(2+)pre-interca la ted layeredδ-MnO_(2)was synthesized via a hydrothermal *** pre-intercalated Cu^(2+)ions not only improve the conductivity of MnO_(2)cathode but also stabilize the structure to enhance stability.X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm the formation of the covalent bond between Cu and O,increasing the electronegativity of O atoms and enhancing the H^(+)adsorption ***,ex-situ measurements not only elucidate the Al^(3+)/H^(+)co-insertion energy storage mechanism but also demonstrate the high reversibility of the Cu-MnO_(2)cathode during *** work provides a promising modification approach for the application of manganese oxides in AAIBs.
The 0.93(Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5))_(1–x)Sm_(x)TiO_(3)-0.07BaTiO_(3) multifunctional ceramics were prepared by solid-phase reaction *** phase structure,microstructure,electrical and photoluminescent properties were systematic...
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The 0.93(Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5))_(1–x)Sm_(x)TiO_(3)-0.07BaTiO_(3) multifunctional ceramics were prepared by solid-phase reaction *** phase structure,microstructure,electrical and photoluminescent properties were systematically *** increasing x,the ceramics undergoes the phase transition from rhombohedral to tetragonal with some rhombohedral distortion,along with a reduced grain size and increased relative *** the other hand,the Sm^(3+)doping enhances the electric-field driven reversible phase transition and domain size,and reduces the domain walls,thereby contributing to improved piezoelectricity and decreased depolarization temperature(T_(d))from 91℃ to 40℃.Excellent piezoelectric properties of d_(33)=213 pC/N and kp=29.9% are achieved in the x=0.010 *** excitation(407 nm),the Sm^(3+)-doped ceramic exhibits bright reddish-orange fluorescence at 564,599,646 nm and 710 nm.A polarization-induced enhancement of photoluminescence is obtained in BNBT-_(x)Sm ceramics with an improved relative intensity of emission band at 646 *** results indicate that Sm^(3+)-doped BNBT ceramics show great potential in electro-optic integration and coupling device applications.
We present a decoupled,linearly implicit numerical scheme with energy stability and mass conservation for solving the coupled Cahn-Hilliard *** time-discretization is done by leap-frog method with the scalar auxiliary...
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We present a decoupled,linearly implicit numerical scheme with energy stability and mass conservation for solving the coupled Cahn-Hilliard *** time-discretization is done by leap-frog method with the scalar auxiliary variable(SAV)*** only needs to solve three linear equations at each time step,where each unknown variable can be solved *** is shown that the semi-discrete scheme has second-order accuracy in the temporal *** convergence results are proved by a rigorous analysis of the boundedness of the numerical solution and the error estimates at different *** examples are presented to further confirm the validity of the methods.
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