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Survey on overcoming free riding in peer-to-peer networks

Jisuanji Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Computers 2008年第1期31卷 1-15页

作者： Yu, Yi-Jiao Jin, Hai Key Laboratory of Services Computing Technology and System Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Key Laboratory of Cluster and Grid Computing of Hubei Province Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Since the first report of free riding on Gnutella in 2000, large amounts of network measurement results show that free riding is prevalent in almost all Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks, which reduces the robustness, availability and lifetime of P2P networks. Overcoming free riding becomes a hot research issue both in academic and industrial communities. The traffic measurement mechanisms in P2P networks are overviewed, which include active measurement and passive measurement. Some detailed traffic measurement results of Gnutella overlay network are illustrated, which indicate the development of free riding in P2P network in recent 6 years. The modeling of P2P network is introduced, and the impacts to system performance of free riding are discussed. Moreover, the authors focus on the mechanisms avoiding free riding and categorize the proposed approaches into incentive mechanisms, game theoretical approaches, and social network or economic models based methods. Each category is discussed in detail, and some typical work is introduced. Especially, the features of these three categories of solutions are analyzed and compared from the aspect of engineering implementation, which is helpful to both the P2P software developers and academic researchers. Finally, future works about the mechanisms discouraging free riding in P2P networks are outlined.

关键词： Computer networks

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An approach for indexing, storing and retrieving domain knowledge

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

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Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied computing 2007年 1381-1382页

作者： Wu, Hao Jin, Hai Ning, Xiaomin Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Services Computing Technology and System Lab. Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)1595934804;9781595934802

In this short paper, we present our solution to index, store and retrieve the domain knowledge. The main principle exploits Lucene to index the domain knowledge under guide of the domain schema. The method to map domain knowledge structure into Lucene index structure, store and update the indices, and to transfer RDF-based query into Lucene's query are presented. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Knowledge acquisition

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Semi-probabilistic routing in intermittently connected mobile ad hoc networks

Semi-probabilistic routing in intermittently connected mobil...

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2007 2nd International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, ChinaCom 2007

作者： Ke, Shi Laboratory of Services Computing Technology and System College of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424410095

ICMANs (Intermittently Connected Mobile Ad hoc Networks) are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from the source to the destination. In this paper, a novel routing approach, SPR (Semi-Probabilistic Routing), is proposed to address routing problem in ICMANs. SPR takes into account information about host mobility and connectivity changes to produce estimates enabling more accurate message forwarding. These include maintaining proactive routing zones for stable local topology to minimize blind message forwarding, and identifying potential carriers to maximize message delivery despite network partitions and intermittent connectivity. We compare the performance of our protocol against others, using a mobility model validated with real-world traces.

关键词： Ad hoc networks

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OnRipple: A Distributed Overlay Framework for Targeted Immunization in Large-Scale Networks

OnRipple: A Distributed Overlay Framework for Targeted Immun...

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ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed computing (SNPD)

作者： Sirui Yang Hai Jin Xiaofei Liao Hong Yao Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Targeted immunization has been studied as an applicable measure for network epidemics. Unless global information is collected, existing targeted strategies are short of strength in organizing a potent structure to spread the vaccines fleetly. We propose a novel dynamic immunization mechanism, called OnRipple, to propagate vaccines in susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) epidemiological model. With a light-weighted, scalable and distributed framework and an "axis" structure, OnRipple builds-up an effective overlay network. Thus, nodes have essential sampling information of the whole network and targeted immunization can be easily implemented. Nodes are also able to radiate vaccines to both nearby and distant participants almost at the same time. We analyze the performance of this strategy by simulations on small-world networks. On average, OnRipple is 34 % faster than traditional targeted immunization. It is proven to be flexible and effective in large-scale peer-to-peer (P2P) networks and scale-free networks.

关键词： Large-scale systems Immune system Peer to peer computing Vaccines Computer worms Analytical models Computer networks Software engineering Artificial intelligence Distributed computing

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P2P Live Streaming with Tree-Mesh based Hybrid Overlay

P2P Live Streaming with Tree-Mesh based Hybrid Overlay

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International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (ICPPW)

作者： Qi Huang Hai Jin Xiaofei Liao Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

P2P technology has been widely adopted in live streaming system for its scalability and low commercial cost. However, tree based system or mesh based system still has to face the constraint or tradeoff caused by its solo shaped overlay construction. To address this problem, this paper introduces a tree-mesh based hybrid overlay and an optimized scheduling method. These works have been proven efficient in terms of low control overhead and better streaming experience compared with other systems. All algorithms and methods have been implemented in Anysee 2.

关键词： Peer to peer computing Scalability Stability Optimization methods Scheduling Costs Data communication Multicast protocols Quality of service Computers

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Using NARX Neural Network Based Load Prediction to Improve Scheduling Decision in Grid Environments

Using NARX Neural Network Based Load Prediction to Improve S...

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International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)

作者： Jin Huang Hai Jin Xia Xie Qin Zhang Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

In grid environment, applications are in active competition with unknown background workloads introduced by other users. To achieve good performance, performance models are used to predict the possible status of the resources, and to make decisions of the selection of a performance-efficient application execution strategy. In this paper, we present a scheduling decision method that utilizes the NARX neural network based load prediction to define data mappings appropriate for dynamic resources. This method uses the information of the predicted CPU load interval and variance of future resource capabilities to obtain the CPU load decision, which can be used to guide the scheduling decision. As to the predictor used here, the NARX neural network based predictor learns the model of the system from the external input information and the system itself. It inherits the mapping capability of feed forward networks and, at the same time, captures the dynamic features of load information. In this work, our predictor shows good performance for time series prediction.

关键词： Neural networks Predictive models Processor scheduling Grid computing Dynamic scheduling Availability Computers Feeds Parallel processing Concurrent computing

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An EMAIL Based Automated Trust Negotiation Model

An EMAIL Based Automated Trust Negotiation Model

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International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security

作者： Zhensong Liao Hai Jin Deqing Zou Chisong Li Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Automated trust negotiation (ATN) is an important means to establish trust between strangers through the exchange of digital credentials and mobile access control policies specifying what combinations of credentials a stranger must submit. While ATN provides a good mechanism to share resources in the open and distributed environments, there still exist some pitfalls. A notable problem is that the negotiation process is easy to be interrupted, which leads the negotiation to failure. Thereto, current protection techniques are somehow complex and heavyweight, which greatly limits ATN's applications. To solve these problems, an Email Based ATN Model (EBAM) is proposed. A credential template and an access control policy template are specified to carry information. All the transmitted messages are encrypted by private keys. The data exchange is realized through the negotiators' emails. A use case is given to show how it works, which proves the model sound and reasonable.

关键词： Cryptography Costs Security Access control Protocols Public key Computational intelligence Computers Grid computing Mobile computing

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Ontology Based Grid Information Interoperation

Ontology Based Grid Information Interoperation

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International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW)

作者： Sheng Di Hai Jin Shengli Li Ling Chen Li Qi Chengwei Wang Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wunan China

A series of problems arises with the emergence and fast development of grid. Among all the problems, one of them is how to smoothly connect heterogeneous grid platforms. There are a number of ways to solve this problem and the relatively more efficient one is using ontology. Based on this method, we focus on alleviating semantic inconsistency of various platforms and designing a novel ontology. This ontology is depicted by resource description framework (RDF) and transacted by adapters. Finally, we test our method and analyze its performance.

关键词： Ontologies Grid computing Distributed computing Water Resource description framework Testing Spine Resource management Web services Computers

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Improving Search in Peer-to-Peer Literature Sharing systems via Semantic Small World

Improving Search in Peer-to-Peer Literature Sharing Systems ...

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Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： Hai Jin Xiaomin Ning Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Efficient search for unstructured peer-to-peer information retrieval systems is a challenging problem. This paper proposes a semantic overlay based on the small world phenomenon that facilitates efficient search for information retrieval in unstructured P2P systems. In the semantic overlay, each node maintains a number of short-range links which are semantically similar to the node, together with a small collection of long-range links that help increase recall rate of information retrieval as well as reduce network traffic. In this paper we present how to construct and maintain a semantic small world overly, and the search strategy utilizing the above semantic overlay. Experimental results show that our model can improve performance by 150% compared to Gnutella and by up to 50% compared to the Interest-based model, a similar shortcut-based search technique

关键词： Peer to peer computing Information retrieval Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Indexing Costs Scalability Grid computing Computers Floods

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A Flexible two-level mechanism in querying and presenting large-scale historical monitoring data

A Flexible two-level mechanism in querying and presenting la...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications

作者： Sheng Di Hai Jin Shengli Li Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424413737;1424413737

With the increasing scale of data transmitted over Internet, how to effectively query and present mass distributed monitoring data has become a serious problem in distributed monitoring field. Almost all users want to retrieve data as detail as possible; on the other hand, the practical bandwidth and latency limit the data scale in transmission. In order to solve this conflict, we design a flexible two-level mechanism. In our platform with this mechanism, users can customize various retrieving spaces by submitting their clients' memories. Subsequently, after receiving some request of observing the performance of monitored nodes, the server-end will process the data queried from database according to some rules before responding clients with two-level monitoring data streams (compressed data level and original data level). Through carefully testing, we testify this mechanism is indeed valuable in querying and presenting large-scale monitoring data.

关键词： Large-scale systems Monitoring Testing Bandwidth Databases Grid computing Delay Data security Computers Web and internet services

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