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Chemical characteristics of fine aerosols and associated speciated organic compounds in summer Nanjing, China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年

作者： Yuanjie Shan Daoming Li Shijie Cui Jiukun Xian Yunjiang Zhang Junfeng Wang Haiwei Li Ming Wang Yun Wu Xinlei Ge Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET) School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong 643000 China School of Environment and Energy Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University Hefei 230601 China

Along with decrease of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentration in recent years in China, secondary species become increasingly important. This work focuses on characterizing secondary components, and a few important groups of organics including organic nitrogen (ON), organonitrates (OrgN), organosulfates (OS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), via online measurement of submicron aerosols (PM 1 ) in Nanjing, China, during 2022 summer. The average PM 1 concentration was 15.39 μg/m 3 , dominated by secondary components (69.1 %), which were even more important at higher PM 1 levels. The primary organic aerosols (POA) were from traffic, industry and cooking; the two secondary OA factors were both closely linked with photochemistry, with one (OOA1) being relatively fresh and important in early afternoon and another (OOA2) being aged and important in late afternoon. Sulfate formation was also governed by photochemistry but resembled that of OOA2 not OOA1; nitrate formation was associated strongly with heterogeneous hydrolysis and thermodynamic equilibrium. Results also reveal a possible photochemical reaction channel from POA to OOA1, then to OOA2. Case studies show that formations of secondary components responded differently to different weather conditions and governed summer PM 1 pollution. The average ON, OrgN, OS and PAHs concentrations were determined to be 122.8, 84.4, 45.6 and 3.3 ng/m 3 , respectively. ON was dominated by primary sources (53.8 %). OrgN varied similarly to nitrate. OS formation was linked with aqueous-phase reactions, which were insignificant therefore its level was low. PAHs was mainly from traffic, and photochemical oxidation might be its important sink during afternoon.

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Haze Caused by NoX Oxidation Under Restricted Residential and Industrial Activities in a Mega City in the South of North China Plain

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ma, Qingxia Wang, Weisi Wu, Yunfei Wang, Fang Song, Xiaoyan Zhang, Renjian Zhang, Daizhou Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions Ministry of Education College of Environment and Planning Henan University Kaifeng475004 China Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security Kaifeng475004 China Henan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Zhengzhou450000 China Beijing100029 China China West Normal University Nanchong637000 China College of Geosciences and Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Henan Zhengzhou450046 China Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of Kumamoto Kumamoto862-8502 Japan

The formation of secondary aerosol species, including nitrate and sulfate, induces severe haze in the North China Plain. However, despite substantial reductions in anthropogenic pollutants due to severe restriction of residential and industrial activities in 2020 to stop the spread of COVID-19, haze still formed in Zhengzhou. We compared ionic compositions of PM2.5 during the period of the restriction with that immediately before the restriction and in the comparison period in 2019 to investigate the processes that cause haze. The average concentration of PM2.5 was 83.9 μg m−3 in the restriction period, 241.8 mg m−3 before the restriction, and 94.0 mg m−3 in 2019. Nitrate was the largest contributor to the PM2.5 in all periods, with an average mass fraction of 24.4%–29.9%. The average molar concentration of total nitrogen compounds (NOx + nitrate) was 0.89 mmol m−3 in the restriction period, which was much lower than 1.85–2.74 mmol m−3 in the non-restriction periods. In contrast, the concentrations of sulfur compounds (SO2 + sulfate) were 0.43–0.47 mmol m−3 in all periods. The conversion rate of NOx to nitrate (NOR) was 0.35 in the restriction period, significantly higher than that before the restriction (0.26) and in 2019 (0.25). NOR increased with relative humidity much faster in the restriction period than in the other two periods, whereas the conversion rate of SO2 to sulfate did not, indicating nitrate formation was more efficient during the restriction. When O3 occupied more than half of the oxidants (Ox = O3 + NO2), NOR increased rapidly with the ratio of O3 to Ox and was much higher in the daytime than nighttime. Therefore, haze in the restriction period was caused by increased NOx-to-nitrate conversion driven by photochemical reactions. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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Worsened Ozone pollution Exacerbates the Loss of Agricultural Production in China

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Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2025年第11期130卷

作者： Guanjie Jiao Lei Chen Ke Li Jia Zhu Xuan Dong Xiaochen Zhu Yang Yang Xu Yue Hong Liao Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Key Laboratory School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

China has been experiencing severe ozone (O 3 ) pollution, and the high concentration of O 3 exposure can damage crop production, which will threaten the national food security. To better estimate the impact of O 3 on crop production loss (CPL), we collect O 3 data from CNEMC (China National Environmental monitoring Centre) and CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) models to quantify O 3 -induced production losses in the four main crops (i.e., wheat, rice, maize, and soybean) during the historical (2013–2018) and future (2019–2099) periods. Results confirm that the impacts of O 3 damage on CPLs become more and more serious during 2013–2018 in China, with the 6-year mean losses of 12.2 Mt (8.5%) for wheat, 8.4 Mt (3.8%) of rice, 4.3 Mt (1.6%) of maize, and 0.7 Mt (4.8%) of soybean. The worsened O 3 pollution under SSP3-7.0 scenario during the late-century will cause 283.6% (170.3%, 479.4%, 168.0%) increase in wheat (rice, maize, soybean) production losses relative to that in 2018, while the improved O 3 air quality under SSP1-2.6 scenario can decrease 73.8% (69.3%, 80.8%, 75.5%) wheat (rice, maize, soybean) yield losses during the late-century relative to 2018. China has the largest population and food consumption worldwide, and the persistent O 3 deterioration does have exacerbated the loss of agricultural productions. Therefore, stricter control measures are urgently needed to improve O 3 air quality for ensuring national and even per capita food security in future. Increased O 3 concentrations pose a non-negligible threat on food security in China O 3 pollution caused 4.0% yield loss of the four agricultural crops during 2013–2018 Improved O 3 air quality due to future control measures will decrease crop yield loss As a major air pollutant, ozone (O 3 ) can not only do harm to public health, but also damage the ecosystem. During recent years, the O 3 pollution in China has become more and more serious, which may exacerbate the loss of agricultural

关键词： ozone exposure concentration-based metric crop production loss food security history and future

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Correction to: Synergistic biocementation: harnessing Comamonas and Bacillus ureolytic bacteria for enhanced sand stabilization

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World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2024年第9期40卷 259页

作者： Adharsh Rajasekar Cailin Zhao Suowei Wu Raphinos Tackmore Murava Stephen Wilkinson Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET) Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044 China. a.rajasekar@reading.ac.uk. School of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Reading Reading RG6 6AH UK. a.rajasekar@reading.ac.uk. School of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Reading Reading RG6 6AH UK. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET) Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044 China. Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong in Dubai Dubai UAE.

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Bromine-doped Bi 2 MoO 6 nanosheets: synergistic effects of band structure engineering and oxygen vacancy regulation for boosting photocatalytic activity

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Journal of Molecular Structure 2025年 1343卷

作者： Jiayu Gu Mingzhou Wu Linlin Wang Fengling Liu Suhao He Minrui Ding Yuye Yao Neng Tao Haitao Sha Zhaobing Guo Huimin Zhou Pin Zhou Pengxiang Qiu School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213032 PR China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC) Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET) School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 PR China Suqian University Suqian 223800 PR China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement Institute of Leisure Agriculture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 PR China

Photocatalyst modification by energy level engineering is crucial for efficient free radical generation. Here, a novel strategy was employed to construct bromine-doped Bi 2 MoO 6 (BMO-Br) followed by an in-situ approach using Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the bromine (Br) precursor. The Br doping effectively modulated the energy band, increasing the oxygen vacancy concentration in Bi 2 MoO 6 . The modification significantly enhanced photoinduced charge separation and active free radical generation, leading to superior photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic bacteriostatic and sulfamethazine (SM) degradation efficiency over BMO-Br-4 reached 100 % and 70 % within 60 min and 150 min, respectively. This work highlighted a facile yet effective strategy for tailoring the photocatalyst properties, demonstrating promising potential for various photocatalytic applications.

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China Land Carbon Budget(CLCB1.0):a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China

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National Science Review 2025年第04期 15-18页

作者： Jiangzhou Xia Xiaosheng Xia Xuhui Wang Weimin Ju Zhengyang Lin Zhangcai Qin Yuxing Sang Yanzi Yan Wenping Yuan Xu Yue Haicheng Zhang Hao Zhou Qiuan Zhu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Tianjin Normal University School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University International Institute for Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System (Ministry of Education) Sun Yat-sen University Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST) Carbon-Water Research Station in Karst Regions of Northern Guangdong School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen University College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense Technology College of Geography and Remote Sensing Hohai University

The terrestrial ecosystem plays an important role in regulating the regional carbon balance, in particular for China, where ecological projects during past decades [1,2] have led to large increases in China's land carbon sinks, partially offsetting fossil fuel emissions. Therefore, accurate evaluation of land carbon fluxes in China is critical for improving our understanding of the magnitude of China's carbon budget, and projecting its future changes.

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Expanded surface amino-functionalization on diverse supports for highly dispersed and efficient Ni-based CO 2 methanation catalysts

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Fuel 2025年 400卷

作者： Linshui Lian Tianmin Lu Chunying Xu Xue Luo Shuwen Xie Cai-e Wu Zhen Cao Tingting Zhou Leilei Xu Mindong Chen Collaborative Innovation Centre of the Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control 210044 Nanjing China College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China College of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Chemistry Weifang University Weifang 261061 China School of Environment and Energy Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University Hefei 230009 China

Ni-based catalysts are widely studied for CO 2 methanation due to their cost-effectiveness and abundance. However, they face challenges such as thermal sintering at high temperatures and insufficient activity at low temperatures due to kinetic barriers. To address these issues, this study built on previous work using amino-functionalized KCC-1 support [ 1 ] and extended the approach to porous silica-based materials (SBA-15, MCM-41, ZSM-5, SiO 2 ) and metal oxides (Al 2 O 3 ) with abundant surface hydroxyl groups. These supports were functionalized with amino groups and employed for Ni-based catalysts, demonstrating the universal applicability of this approach across diverse support materials. The amino-functionalized surface promoted the regioselective precipitation of Ni precursors within porous channels, yielding highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles. Comprehensive characterizations (XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, H 2 -TPR, CO 2 -TPD) revealed improved Ni dispersion, redox performance, metal-support interactions, and surface basicity. Additionally, in-situ DRIFTS was used to elucidate the reaction mechanisms of CO 2 methanation over these catalysts. Results showed that amino-functionalization anchored Ni active sites, producing smaller, uniformly dispersed nanoparticles, significantly enhancing CO 2 conversion and CH 4 selectivity, particularly improving low-temperature activity. Notably, the low-temperature activity improved substantially, with the CO 2 conversion increasing from 22.2 % (20Ni/SBA-15) to 55.4 % (20Ni/AF-SBA-15) at 280 °C. This approach demonstrated universal applicability across diverse supports, offering a promising strategy for improving Ni-based catalyst performance in CO 2 methanation and potentially other catalytic reactions.

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Treatment of steel industry wastewater by Poly-Aluminum-Ferric-Silicate coagulant prepared from coal gasification ash

Colloids and Surfaces C: Environmental Aspects

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Colloids and Surfaces C: Environmental Aspects 2023年 1卷

作者： Junhong Yi Defu Xu Die Wu Hua Fang Hong Yang Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing 210044 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Nanjing 210044 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of Reading Reading RG6 6AB UK

The coal gasification industry generates a large amount of coal gasification ash (CGA) which can contaminate environment by seeping harmful substances into both soil and water. In this study, CGA was used for the preparation of Poly-Aluminum-Ferric-Silicate coagulant (PAFSiC) to treat steel industry wastewater, and the effects of acid leaching, alkaline leaching, and copolymerization stages were investigated. Our results indicated that the dissolution rates of iron and aluminum from CGA were 53.49% and 55.43%, respectively, under leaching temperature at 95 °C, time at 1.4 h, and concentration of HCl at 5.1 mol/L. The dissolution rate of silicon from the residue of CGA leaching by HCl was 41.44% under leaching temperature at 75 °C, time at 0.5 h, and concentration of NaOH at 5 mol/L. The PAFSiC prepared under (Fe+Al)/Si molar ratio at 4.3 indicated the best coagulation performance, and its removal rates for turbidity, color, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from steel industry wastewater were 93.69%, 36.47%, and 62.66%, respectively. Compared to commercial polysilicate aluminum ferric (PSAF), PAFSiC increased removal rates of for turbidity, color, and COD by 28.67%, 18.21%, and 7.38%, respectively. The coagulation efficiency of PAFSiC was influenced by pH; a removal rate of color of 54.43% was recorded from the steel industry wastewater using PAFSiC prepared at pH of 2. PAFSiC synthesized from CGA under (Fe+Al)/Si molar ratio at 4.3 exhibited a branching amorphous structure with spatial stereoscopic sense, resulting in higher capacity to bind with and remove contaminates. Our results underline the potent performance of PAFSiC as a viable solution to alleviate pollution from the steel industry.

关键词： Poly-Aluminum-Ferric-Silicate Coal gasification ash Steel industry wastewater Response surface methodology Orthogonal experiment

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A Comparison of Dndc and Daycent to Evaluate Greenhouse Gas Emissions from China's Main Cropping Systems

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Junyi Kuhnert, Matthias Abdalla, Mohamed Smith, Pete Ding, Weixin Yan, Xiaoyuan Zou, Jianwen Guo, Shiwei Fan, Jianling Jiang, Yanbin Hu, Ronggui Li, Fusheng Guo, Yanbin Chen, Zengming Zhao, Xu Xie, Yingxin Institute of Biological & Environmental Science University of Aberdeen 23 St Machar Drive AberdeenAB24 3UU United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology China Ministry of Agriculture College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan430070 China College of Agriculture Guangxi University Nanning530004 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China National Engineering Research Center for Wheat State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou450046 PR China

China contributes the largest share of cropland’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. Processed-based biogeochemical models are useful tools to simulate GHG emissions from cropping systems. However, model comparisons are necessary to provide information for the application of models under different climate, soil, and crop conditions. In this study, two widely-used models (DayCent and DNDC) were evaluated and compared under four main cropping systems in China. The field observations from nine experiments were used for model calibration and validation. The DayCent and DNDC models simulated daily and seasonal CH4 emissions from early rice-late rice and rice-wheat cropping systems reasonably well (r2≥0.49 for daily simulation and nRMSE≤52.9% for seasonal simulation). Both models were able to satisfactorily predict seasonal N2O emissions from maize-wheat fields (0.6≤d≤0.8), but overestimated most daily N2O fluxes at fertilisation and irrigation events. Significantly positive relationships were found between simulated and observed cumulative N2O fluxes in spring maize growing season (0.61≤ r2≤0.85). The DNDC showed smaller differences in simulated and observed cumulative GHG emissions for spring maize and double rice, while DayCent showed better performance on estimating N2O and CH4 for maize-wheat and rice-wheat. This study shows that both models have strengths and weaknesses under a variety of cropping systems and growing regions, which are important to consider when choosing a model for a crop/region-specific simulation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crops

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Publisher Correction: Ozone pollution mitigation strategy informed by long-term trends of atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Nature Geoscience 2024年 172页

作者： Wenjie Wang Xin Li Ying Liu Sihua Lu Yusheng Wu Shiyi Chen Keding Lu Min Hu Limin Zeng Min Shao Yuanhang Zhang Hang Su Yafang Cheng Ruijing Ni Ulrich Pöschl Zhaofeng Tan Franz Rohrer Andreas Wahner David D. Parrish Cheng Huang Xudong Tian K. M. Leung Liangfu Chen Meng Fan Qiang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz Germany International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control Ministry of Education Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking University Beijing China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Guangzhou China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai China Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung: Troposphäre (IEK-8) Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality Control of Zhejiang Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou China Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science The Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China

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