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EUROMICRO Conference

作者： P. Croll C. Rudram C. Chambers N. Uchihira Communications and Distributed Systems Research Group Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield UK Toshiba Corporation Japan Software Engineering laboratories Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Tokyo Japan

Reactive computer control systems need to track the behaviour of their inherently parallel physical environment. Hence, most non-trivial industrial applications may depend on concurrent modelling techniques to handle system complexities including hard real-time constraints. Failure of such systems can lead to unacceptable consequences and can therefore be deemed as safety-related with respect to their application. Parallel and distributed systems can exhibit undesirable behaviours, e.g. deadlock, which could render a control system unsafe. The paper proposes that a set of undesirable parallel behaviours can be classified as unsafe for all applications and reviews a technique that can be employed to avoid or mitigate against them, The approach needed by software engineers of parallel and distributed systems to facilitate this and meet the minimal safety standards is also given.

关键词： Real time systems Distributed control Control systems Application software software safety Concurrent computing Physics computing Electrical equipment industry System recovery software standards

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Efficient algorithms for delay-bounded minimum cost path problem in communication networks

Efficient algorithms for delay-bounded minimum cost path pro...

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International Conference on High Performance Computing

作者： G. Kumar N. Narang C.P. Ravikumar Computer Science Department University of Maryland College Park MD USA Hughes Software Systems Limited Gurgaon Haryana India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi India

As the amount of data transmitted over a network increases and high bandwidth applications requiring point to multipoint communications like videoconferencing, distributed database management or cooperative work become widespread, it becomes very important to optimize network resources. One such optimization is multicast tree generation. The problem of generating a minimum cost multicast tree given the network topology and costs associated with the connecting links can be modelled as a Steiner tree problem which is NP-complete. Much work has been done in the direction of obtaining near-optimal multicast trees when the objective is only to minimize the cost. However, many real time applications such as videoconferencing require that data be sent within prespecified delay limits in order to avoid problems such as anachronism and lack of synchronization. We deal with the delay-bounded cost-optimal multicast tree (DBCPAT) generation problem. Specifically, we discuss a closely related problem which is to find a delay-bounded cost-optimal path (DBCP) between a specified source and destination node. Such a path can be used as a starting point to solve the DBCMT. We present an exact solution to the DBCP which is based on the branch-and-bound paradigm. We also propose a heuristic technique to solve the DBCP using the principle of evolutionary computing. The results obtained using the two techniques are compared for several large networks.

关键词： Delay Costs Teleconferencing Multicast algorithms Bandwidth Distributed databases Resource management Collaborative work Network topology Joining processes

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Load adjustment and filtering based on process criticality

Load adjustment and filtering based on process criticality

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IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing systems and Applications (RTCSA)

作者： Tei-Wei Kuo Shie-Kai Ni Giun-Haur Huang Real Time Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Department of New Technology Development Platform Software Division Acer Incorporated Taipei Taiwan System Software Laboratory Institute for Information Industry Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)081869209X

This paper generalizes the load scaling techniques proposed in (Kuo and Mok, 1991) for fixed-priority real-time applications. A framework is proposed to adjust the system workload by relating the criticality and flexibility of a process to the resource allocation problem. A load adjustment procedure based on the approximation algorithm (Ni et al., 1997) is proposed to maximize the system profit in an on-line fashion. When the list of allowable configurations is implicitly given by scalable periodic processes, the corresponding load filtering problem is shown to be NP-complete. We also prove the upper bound of the system profit and provide a mechanism to balance the schedulability and the maximum profit of the system.

关键词： Filtering Resource management Job shop scheduling Timing Real time systems Approximation algorithms Upper bound Laboratories Frequency computer science

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Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland - Section of Bioengineering - Proceedings of meeting held in Dundalk, Co. Louth, in February 1998.

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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL science 1998年第4期167卷 256-276页

作者： [Anonymous] Orthopaedic Research Unit The Queen’s University of Belfast School of Biomedical Sciences The Queen’s University of Belfast Howmedica International Ltd. Raheen Industrial Estate Limerick Department of Mechanical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Mater Hospital Dublin 7 Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Århus University Hospital Denmark University of Limerick Limerick Limerick Regional Hospital Raheen Limerick Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd. Galway Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Bioengineering Research Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Northern Ireland Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Ulster Newtownabbey Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The Ashby Building The Queen’s University of Belfast Johnson and Johnson Professional Orthopaedic Division Queensway England Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Burke House Ellison Street Castlebar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Department of Surgery Beaumont Hospital Dublin Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Department of Aeronautical Engineering The Queen’s University of Belfast Vascular Unit Belfast City Hospital Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Centre for Biomedical Electronics Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Limerick School of Health Sciences University of Ulster Ireland School of Physiotherapy University of Ulster Newtownabbey Clinical Engineering NI Medical Physics Agency Belfast and Radiology Royal Victoria Hospital Musgrave Park Hospital University of Limerick Biomedical Institute (ULBMI) Uni

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The consensus glossary of temporal database concepts - february 1998 version

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 1998年 1399卷 367-405页

作者： Jensen, Christian S. Dyreson, Curtis E. Bohlen, Michael Clifford, James Elmasri, Ramez Gadia, Shashi K Grandi, Fabio Hayes, Pat Jajodia, Sushil Käfer, Wolfgang Kline, Nick Lorentzos, Nikos Mitsopoulos, Yannis Montanari, Angelo Nonen, Daniel Peressi, Elisa Pernici, Barbara Roddick, John F Sarda, Nandlal L Scalas, Maria Rita Segev, Arie Snodgrass, Richard T Soo, Mike D. Tansel, Abdullah Tiberio, Paolo Wiederhold, Gio Aalborg University Department of Computer Science Fredrik Bajers Vej 7E Aalborg ØDK-9220 Denmark Computer Science Dept Aalborg University Denmark Computer Science Dept James Cook University Australia Computer Science Engineer¬ing Dept University of Texas at Arlington United States Computer Science Dept Iowa State University United States CIOC-CNR DEIS University of Bologna Italy Beckman Institute United States In¬formation and Software Systems Engineering Dept George Mason University United States Mercedes Benz Agricultural University of Athens Greece Informatics Laboratory Agricultural University of Athens Greece Infor¬matics Laboratory Agricultural University of Athens Greece Dip. di Matematica e Informatica Universita di Udine Italy Computer Science Dept Concordia University Canada Dip. di Matematica e Informatica Universita di Udine Italy Electronic Engineering and Information Sciences Dept Politecnico di Milano Italy School of Computer and Information Science University of South Australia Australia Computer Science and Engineering Dept Indian Institute of Technology Bombay India University of Bologna Italy School of Business Adm. and Computer Science Research Dept University of California United States Computer Science Dept Uni¬versity of Arizona United States Computer Science and Engineering Dept University of South Florida United States Bernard M. Baruch College City University of New York United States CIOC-CNR DEIS University of Bologna Italy Computer Science Dept Stanford University United States

This document1 contains definitions of a wide range of concepts specific to and widely used within temporal databases. In addition to providing definitions, the document also includes explanations of concepts as well as discussions of the adopted names. The consensus effort that lead to this glossary was initiated in Early 1992. Earlier versions appeared in SIGMOD Record in September 1992 and March 1994. The present glossary subsumes all the previous documents. The glossary meets the need for creating a higher degree of consensus on the definition and naming of temporal database concepts. Two sets of criteria are included. First, all included concepts were required to satisfy four relevance criteria, and, second, the naming of the concepts was resolved using a set of evaluation criteria. The concepts are grouped into three categories: concepts of general database interest, of temporal database interest, and of specialized interest. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Database systems

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Services supporting management of distributed applications and systems

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IBM systems Journal 1997年第4期36卷 508-525页

作者： Bauer, M.A. Bunt, R.B. El Rayess, A. Finnigan, P.J. Kunz, T. Lutfiyya, H.L. Marshall, A.D. Martin, P. Oster, G.M. Powley, W. Rolia, J. Taylor, D. Woodside, M. Middlesex College Department of Computer Science University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada Department of Computer Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SAS Canada IBM Software Solutions Division Toronto Laboratory North York ONT Canada Department of Computer Science University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Department of Computer Science Middlesex College University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada Department of Computer Science Middlesex College University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada Department of Computing and Information Science Queen''s University Kingston ONT Canada Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa ONT Canada Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada

A distributed computing system consists of heterogeneous computing devices, communication networks, operating system services, and applications. As organisations move toward distributed computing environments, there will be a corresponding growth in distributed applications central to the enterprise. The design, development, and management of distributed applications presents many difficult challenges. As these systems grow to hundreds or even thousands of devices and similar or greater magnitude of software components, it will become increasingly difficult to manage them without appropriate support tools and frameworks. Further, the design and deployment of additional applications and services will be, at best, ad hoc without modelling tools and timely data on which to base design and configuration decisions. This paper presents a framework for management of distributed applications and systems. The framework is based on a set of common management services that support management activities. The services include monitoring, control, configuration, and data repository services. A prototype system built on the framework is described that implements and integrates management applications providing visualisation, fault location, performance monitoring and modelling, and configuration management. The prototype also demonstrates how various management services can be implemented.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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Relative Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Compensation for Robust Telephone Speech Recognition 5

Relative Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Compensation fo...

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5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1997

作者： Han, Jiqing Han, Munsung Park, Gyu-Bong Park, Jeongue Gao, Wen Language Understanding Lab. Systems Engineering Research Institute ETRI Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology China

It is a crucial factor to find the robust and simple computation methods for the actual application of telephone speech recognition. In this paper, we propose a new channel compensation method, which uses a RASTA-like band-pass filter on the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients for robust telephone speech recognition. It is shown from the experiments that the proposed method, comparing with the RASTA processing, reduces the computational complexity without losing performance, and it is also better than CMS and two level CMS on the performance. We also verify that it is an effective approach to suppress very low modulation frequencies for robust telephone speech recognition. © 1997 5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1997. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bandpass filters

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An optimal bandwidth allocation strategy for the delivery of compressed prerecorded video

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MULTIMEDIA systems 1997年第5期5卷 297-309页

作者： Feng, WC Jahanian, F Sechrest, S Software Systems Research Lab Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA e-mail: {wuchifarnamsechrest}@eecs.umich.edu. US

The transportation of prerecorded, compressed video data without loss of picture quality requires the network and video servers to support large fluctuations in bandwidth requirements. Fully utilizing a client-side buffer for smoothing bandwidth requirements can limit the fluctuations in bandwidth required from the underlying network and the video-on-demand servers. This paper shows that, for a fixed-size buffer constraint, the critical bandwidth allocation technique results in plans for continuous playback of stored video that have (1) the minimum number of bandwidth increases, (2) the smallest peak bandwidth requirements, and (3) the largest minimum bandwidth requirements. In addition, this paper introduces an optimal bandwidth allocation algorithm which, in addition to the three critical bandwidth allocation properties, minimizes the total number of bandwidth changes necessary for continuous playback. A comparison between the optimal bandwidth allocation algorithm and other critical bandwidth-based algorithms using 17 full-length movie videos and 3 seminar videos is also presented.

关键词： video-on-demand bandwidth allocation MPEG video compression smoothing

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W reconstructed 10th

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Proceedings of the 1997 10th International Conference of Z Users

作者： Hall, J. Martin, A. High Integrity Systems Engineering Group Department of Computer Science The University of York Heslington York Y01 5DD United Kingdom Software Verification Research Centre Department of Computer Science The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 QLD Australia

ISBN: (纸本)3540627170

An early version of the Z Standard included the deductive system W for reasoning about Z specifications. Later versions contain a different deductive system. In this paper we sketch a proof that W is relatively sound with respect to this new deductive system. We do this by demonstrating a semantic basis for a correspondence between the two systems, then showing that each of the inference rules of W can be simulated as derived rules in the new system. These new rules are presented as tactics over the the inference rules of the new deductive system.

关键词： Semantics

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Knowledge-based systems in context: A methodological approach to the qualitative issues

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AI & SOCIETY 1997年第1期11卷 104-121页

作者： Galal H. Galal Janet T. McDonnell Department of Information Systems and Computing Brunel University Uxbridge UK Software Systems Engineering Group Department of Computer Science University College London UK Department of Computer Science University College London UK

Knowledge-Based systems (KBS) are developed to contain substantial elements of human knowledge and expertise in a well-defined domain, and use these to support user or expert tasks. Issues related to the social and organisational contexts of these systems are widely acknowledged to be particularly critical to their success. However, methodology proposals usually stop short of adequately handling soft and unstructured data that frame the contexts of use. The handling of qualitative data needs to be done in a way that directly impinges on the wider Knowledge-Based System engineering processes and decisions. In this paper, we discuss the nature of context-sensitive issues, and describe a methodological approach for resolving them through the rigorous analysis of qualitative data, using a methodology which is based upon the Grounded Theory method from the social sciences.

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