The elastic modulus and hardness of low k dielectric films rapidly decrease as porosity increases. By contrast, interfacial adhesion is relatively insensitive to porosity. Adhesion energy values measured by the four-p...
详细信息
The elastic modulus and hardness of low k dielectric films rapidly decrease as porosity increases. By contrast, interfacial adhesion is relatively insensitive to porosity. Adhesion energy values measured by the four-point bend method are similar for porous and non-porous films. Additionally, interfacial adhesion is much stronger for polymer films than for organosiloxane films, regardless of porosity. E-beam treatments significantly improve the modulus and hardness of porous organosiloxane films, sacrificing only a slight increase in dielectric constant. Solid-state NMR and pore size measurements indicate that the improved mechanical properties result from a cross-linking mechanism rather than macroscopic densification. TOFSIMS results show that the increased dielectric constant results from carbon loss and an increase in silanol concentration. E-beam treatments, however, do not improve interfacial adhesion significantly.
Understanding the supply fluctuations of various frequency harmonics is essential to maximizing microprocessor performance. Conventional methods used for analog validation of the power delivery system fall short in on...
详细信息
Understanding the supply fluctuations of various frequency harmonics is essential to maximizing microprocessor performance. Conventional methods used for analog validation of the power delivery system fall short in one or more of: a) Measurement accuracy in both frequency and time domains, especially for very high frequency noise caused by large di/dt events. The multi-GHz power supply noise attenuates very quickly away from the die. Conventional approaches of measuring the noise at the pins of the package or at the die using capacitive probes are not accurate for multi-GHz clocks. For this reason, the observability of high frequency on die noise has been very tricky. b) Implementation, e.g. delivery of analog references to multiple areas across a "noisy" die, and compactness/modularity of the measurement units. c) Automation to enable a timely volume of measurements. The efficiency of the measurements is key to correlating a particular speed path to poser supply noise. To address the above issues this paper presents an On-Die Droop Detector (ODDD), a scaleable IC solution implemented and validated on a 90 nm process, for analog sensing of differential high bandwidth supply noise.
A 1 k-bit high-density OTP (One Time Programmable)-ROM array featuring a new anti-fuse memory is presented using 32nm high-k (HK) and metal-gate (MG) CMOS process. Our 32nm HK+MG SOC process technology enables smalles...
详细信息
A 1 k-bit high-density OTP (One Time Programmable)-ROM array featuring a new anti-fuse memory is presented using 32nm high-k (HK) and metal-gate (MG) CMOS process. Our 32nm HK+MG SOC process technology enables smallest reported one-transistor one-capacitor (1T1C) bit cell area measuring 1.01μm 2 . The 32-row by 32-column array with a programmable sensing scheme demonstrates yield exceeding 99.9% and robust reliability.
Plasma-process induced damage (P2ID) is a serious yield and reliability concern with the continuous VLSI technical node shrinkage. In this paper, P2ID on 65nm node VLSI manufacturing development is investigated. Plasm...
详细信息
Plasma-process induced damage (P2ID) is a serious yield and reliability concern with the continuous VLSI technical node shrinkage. In this paper, P2ID on 65nm node VLSI manufacturing development is investigated. Plasma in high-density plasma deposition (HDP), preclean of physical vapor deposition (PVD) and reactive ion etching (RIE) processes have significant negative impact on P2ID. Respective improving actions have been implemented then on following processes: pre-metal dielectric (PMD) deposition, pre-clean before Cu barrier deposition and passivation etching for Al pad. As a result, P2ID free process has been achieved for logic 65nm processes.
This paper highlights the intrinsic reliability capabilities of Intel's 22nm process technology, which introduced the tri-gate transistor architecture and features a 3 rd generation high-κ/metal-gate process. Re...
详细信息
This paper highlights the intrinsic reliability capabilities of Intel's 22nm process technology, which introduced the tri-gate transistor architecture and features a 3 rd generation high-κ/metal-gate process. Results are detailed from all traditional transistor reliability mechanisms, including BTI, TDDB, SILC, and HCI. In addition, characteristics unique to this transistor architecture and process technology are described.
This paper reviews options for CMOS scaling for the 22nm node and beyond. Advanced transistor architectures such as ultra-thin body (UTB), FinFET, gate-all-around (GAA) and vertical options are discussed. technology c...
详细信息
This paper reviews options for CMOS scaling for the 22nm node and beyond. Advanced transistor architectures such as ultra-thin body (UTB), FinFET, gate-all-around (GAA) and vertical options are discussed. technology challenges faced by all architectures (such as variation, resistance, and capacitance) are analyzed in relation to recent research results. The impact on the CMOS scaling roadmap of system-on-chip (SOC) technologies is reviewed.
This paper presents global lumped-element circuit models of spiral inductor and differential inductor respectively considering quality factor dependence on temperature. Metal resistance components in equivalent circui...
详细信息
This paper presents global lumped-element circuit models of spiral inductor and differential inductor respectively considering quality factor dependence on temperature. Metal resistance components in equivalent circuits of spiral inductor and differential inductor were adopted to reflect quality factor dependence on temperature in global model. And the global models were shown to give excellent agreement with measured data for inductors of various dimension over temperature range from -40°C to 125°C, which will facilitate customers to design circuits for worst temperature conditions in real world applications.
Traditional MOSFET scaling served our industry well for more than three decades by providing continuous improvements in transistor performance, power and cost. This was the era of homogeneous scaling where similar mat...
详细信息
Traditional MOSFET scaling served our industry well for more than three decades by providing continuous improvements in transistor performance, power and cost. This was the era of homogeneous scaling where similar materials and device structures were scaled from generation to generation and served a wide range of integrated circuits from memory to logic applications. Traditional scaling ran out of steam in the early 2000s due mainly to the inability to further scale the SiO 2 gate oxide and this ushered in the beginning of the heterogeneous era where new materials and new device structures are being continually introduced to deliver the expected benefits of scaling. Going forward, an ever wider range of device types will be needed and the challenge we face is how to identify, develop and manufacture these revolutionary devices, and also how to integrate heterogeneous devices into compelling products.
A new type of substrate noise detector is proposed. It is embedded in a mixed-signal IC and monitors the level of substrate noise. Voltage comparators are used to detect errors and a counter tracks the number of error...
详细信息
暂无评论