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Effect of climate on traits of dominant and rare tree species in the world’s forests

Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-15页

作者： Hordijk, Iris Poorter, Lourens Liang, Jingjing Reich, Peter B. de-Miguel, Sergio Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Gamarra, Javier G. P. Chen, Han Y. H. Zhou, Mo Wiser, Susan K. Pretzsch, Hans Paquette, Alain Picard, Nicolas Hérault, Bruno Bastin, Jean-Francois Alberti, Giorgio Abegg, Meinrad Adou Yao, Yves C. Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M. Alvarado, Braulio V. Alvarez-Davila, Esteban Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Alves, Luciana F. Amaral, Iêda Ammer, Christian Antón-Fernández, Clara Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Arroyo, Luzmila Avitabile, Valerio Aymard C, Gerardo A. Baker, Timothy Banki, Olaf Barroso, Jorcely Bastian, Meredith L. Birigazzi, Luca Birnbaum, Philippe Bitariho, Robert Boeckx, Pascal Bongers, Frans Bouriaud, Olivier Brancalion, Pedro H. S. Brandl, Susanne Brearley, Francis Q. Brienen, Roel Broadbent, Eben N. Bruelheide, Helge Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto Cesar, Ricardo G. Cesljar, Goran Chazdon, Robin L. Chisholm, Chelsea Cienciala, Emil Clark, Connie J. Clark, David B. Colletta, Gabriel Coomes, David Cornejo Valverde, Fernando Corral-Rivas, Jose J. Crim, Philip Cumming, Jonathan Dayanandan, Selvadurai de Gasper, André L. Decuyper, Mathieu Derroire, Géraldine DeVries, Ben Djordjevic, Ilija Dourdain, Aurélie Dolezal, Jiri Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier Enquist, Brian Eyre, Teresa Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain Fayle, Tom M. Ferreira, Leandro V. Feldpausch, Ted R. Finér, Leena Fischer, Markus Fletcher, Christine Frizzera, Lorenzo Gianelle, Damiano Glick, Henry B. Harris, David Hector, Andrew Hemp, Andreas Herbohn, John Hillers, Annika Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N. Hui, Cang Cho, Hyunkook Ibanez, Thomas Jung, Ilbin Imai, Nobuo Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Johannsen, Vivian Joly, Carlos A. Jucker, Tommaso Karminov, Viktor Kartawinata, Kuswata Kearsley, Elizabeth Kenfack, David Kennard, Deborah Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian Keppel, Gunnar Khan, Mohammed Latif Killeen, Timothy Kim, Hyun Seok Kitayama, Kanehiro Köhl, Michael Korjus, Henn Kraxner, Florian Laarmann, Diana Lang, Mait Lewis, Simon Lu, Huicui Lukina, Natalia Maitner, Br Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland Wageningen University and Research Wageningen Netherlands Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN United States Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering University of Lleida Lleida Spain Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC) Solsona Spain Forestry Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay ON Canada Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research Lincoln New Zealand Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science TUM School for Life Sciences Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Centre for Forest Research Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada GIP ECOFOR Paris France CIRAD Forêts et Sociétés Montpellier France Forêts et Sociétés Univ Montpellier CIRAD Montpellier France Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech University of Liege Liege Belgium Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Bolzano Italy Department of Agricultural Food Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine Udine Italy Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland UFR Biosciences University Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Cote d'Ivoire Spatial Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Center for Latin American Studies University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Forestry School Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC Cartago Costa Rica Fundacion ConVida Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD Medellin Colombia Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL United States Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability UCLA Los Angeles CA

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. The extent to which traits of dominant and rare tree species differ remains untested across a broad environmental range, limiting our understanding of how species traits and the environment shape forest functional composition. We use a global dataset of tree composition of >22,000 forest plots and 11 traits of 1663 tree species to ask how locally dominant and rare species differ in their trait values, and how these differences are driven by climatic gradients in temperature and water availability in forest biomes across the globe. We find three consistent trait differences between locally dominant and rare species across all biomes;dominant species are taller, have softer wood and higher loading on the multivariate stem strategy axis (related to narrow tracheids and thick bark). The difference between traits of dominant and rare species is more strongly driven by temperature compared to water availability, as temperature might affect a larger number of traits. Therefore, climate change driven global temperature rise may have a strong effect on trait differences between dominant and rare tree species and may lead to changes in species abundances and therefore strong community reassembly. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Native diversity buffers against severity of non-native tree invasions ( vol 621,pg 773 , 2023 )

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NATURE 2023年第7982期622卷 E2-E2页

作者： Delavaux, Camille S. Crowther, Thomas W. Zohner, Constantin M. Robmann, Niamh M. Lauber, Thomas van den Hoogen, Johan Kuebbing, Sara Liang, Jingjing de-Miguel, Sergio Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Reich, Peter B. Abegg, Meinrad Yao, Yves C. Adou Alberti, Giorgio Zambrano, Angelica M. Almeyda Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez Alvarez-Davila, Esteban Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Alves, Luciana F. Ammer, Christian Anton-Fernandez, Clara Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Arroyo, Luzmila Avitabile, Valerio Aymard, Gerardo A. Baker, Timothy R. Balazy, Radomir Banki, Olaf Barroso, Jorcely G. Bastian, Meredith L. Bastin, Jean-Francois Birigazzi, Luca Birnbaum, Philippe Bitariho, Robert Boeckx, Pascal Bongers, Frans Bouriaud, Olivier Brancalion, Pedro H. S. Brandl, Susanne Brienen, Roel Broadbent, Eben N. Bruelheide, Helge Bussotti, Filippo Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla Cesar, Ricardo G. Cesljar, Goran Chazdon, Robin Chen, Han Y. H. Chisholm, Chelsea Cho, Hyunkook Cienciala, Emil Clark, Connie Clark, David Colletta, Gabriel D. Coomes, David A. Valverde, Fernando Cornejo Corral-Rivas, Jose J. Crim, Philip M. Cumming, Jonathan R. Dayanandan, Selvadurai de Gasper, Andre L. Decuyper, Mathieu Derroire, Geraldine DeVries, Ben Djordjevic, Ilija Dolezal, Jiri Dourdain, Aurelie Obiang, Nestor Laurier Engone Enquist, Brian J. Eyre, Teresa J. Fandohan, Adande Belarmain Fayle, Tom M. Feldpausch, Ted R. Ferreira, Leandro V. Fischer, Markus Fletcher, Christine Frizzera, Lorenzo Gamarra, Javier G. P. Gianelle, Damiano Glick, Henry B. Harris, David J. Hector, Andrew Hemp, Andreas Hengeveld, Geerten Herault, Bruno Herbohn, John L. Herold, Martin Hillers, Annika Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio Hui, Cang Ibanez, Thomas T. Amaral, Ieda Imai, Nobuo Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Johannsen, Vivian Kvist Joly, Carlos A. Jucker, Tommaso Jung, Ilbin Karminov, Viktor Kartawinata, Kuswata Kearsley, Elizabeth Kenfack, David Kennard, Deborah K. Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian Keppel, Gunnar Khan, Mohammed Latif Killeen, Timothy J. Kim, Hyun Seok Kitayama, Kanehiro Kohl, Michael Korju Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London London UK The Forest School at The Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Agriculture Forestry and Bioresources Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Department of Crop and Forest Sciences University of Lleida Lleida Spain Joint Research Unit CTFC–AGROTECNIO–CERCA Solsona Spain Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland UFR Biosciences University Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Department of Agricultural Food Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine Udine Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Bolzano Italy Spatial Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Department of Tourism Recreation and Sport Management University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Forestry School Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC Cartago Costa Rica Fundacion ConVida Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD Medellin Colombia Field Museum of Natural Histiory Chicago IL USA Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany Division of Forest and Forest Resources Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Ås Norway Museo de Hi

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Worldwide Soundscapes: A Synthesis of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Across Realms

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Global Ecology and Biogeography 2025年第5期34卷

作者： Kevin F. A. Darras Rodney A. Rountree Steven L. Van Wilgenburg Anna F. Cord Frederik Pitz Youfang Chen Lijun Dong Agnès Rocquencourt Camille Desjonquères Patrick Mauritz Diaz Tzu-Hao Lin Théophile Turco Louise Emmerson Tom Bradfer-Lawrence Amandine Gasc Sarah Marley Marcus Salton Laura Schillé Paul J. Wensveen Shih-Hung Wu Adriana C. Acero-Murcia Orlando Acevedo-Charry Matyáš Adam Jacopo Aguzzi Irmak Akoglu M. Clara P. Amorim Mina Anders Michel André Alexandre Antonelli Leandro Aparecido Do Nascimento Giulliana Appel Stephanie Archer Christos Astaras Andrey Atemasov Jamieson Atkinson Joël Attia Emanuel Baltag Luc Barbaro Fritjof Basan Carly Batist Julio Ernesto Baumgarten Just T. Bayle Sempere Kristen Bellisario Asaf Ben David Oded Berger-Tal Frédéric Bertucci Matthew G. Betts Iqbal S. Bhalla Thiago Bicudo Marta Bolgan Sara Bombaci Gerard Bota Martin Boullhesen Robert A. Briers Susannah Buchan Michal Budka Katie Burchard Giuseppa Buscaino Alice Calvente Marconi Campos-Cerqueira Maria Isabel Carvalho Gonçalves Maria Ceraulo Maite Cerezo-Araujo Gunnar Cerwén Adams A. Chaskda Maria Chistopolova Christopher W. Clark Kieran D. Cox Benjamin Cretois Chapin Czarnecki Luis P. da Silva Wigna da Silva Laurence H. De Clippele David de la Haye Ana Silvia de Oliveira Tissiani Devin de Zwaan M. Eugenia Degano Jessica Deichmann Joaquin del Rio Christian Devenish Ricardo Díaz-Delgado Pedro Diniz Dorgival Diógenes Oliveira-Júnior Thiago Dorigo Saskia Dröge Marina Duarte Adam Duarte Kerry Dunleavy Robert Dziak Simon Elise Hiroto Enari Haruka S. Enari Florence Erbs Britas Klemens Eriksson Pınar Ertör-Akyazi Nina C. Ferrari Luane Ferreira Abram B. Fleishman Paulo J. Fonseca Bárbara Freitas Nicholas R. Friedman Jérémy S. P. Froidevaux Svetlana Gogoleva Carolina Gonzaga José Miguel González Correa Eben Goodale Benjamin Gottesman Ingo Grass Jack Greenhalgh Jocelyn Gregoire Samuel Haché Jonas Hagge William Halliday Antonia Hammer Tara Hanf-Dressler Sylvain Haupert Samara Haver Becky Heath Daniel Hending Jose Hernandez-Blanco Dennis Higgs EFNO ECODIV INRAE Domaine des Barres Nogent-sur-Vernisson France Sustainable Agricultural Systems & Engineering Lab School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Chair of Computational Landscape Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Biology Department University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada The Fish Listener Waguoit Massachusetts USA Terrestrial Unit Prairie Region Canadian Wildlife Service Environment & Climate Change Canada Prairie & Northern Wildlife Research Centre Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Agro-ecological Modeling Group Faculty of Agriculture University of Bonn Bonn Germany Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Department of Deep Sea Science Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya Hainan China Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris France Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LECA Grenoble France Climate Change and Biodiversity Hanns R. Neumann Stiftung Indonesia Muaradua Indonesia Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei Taiwan ENES Bioacoustics Research Laboratory University of Saint-Etienne CRNL CNRS UMR 5292 Inserm UMR_S 1028 Saint-Etienne France Australian Antarctic Division Science Branch Department of Climate Change Energy Environment and Water Channel Highway Kingston Tasmania Australia Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling Scotland Centre for Conservation Science RSPB Edinburgh UK IMBE Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD Aix-en-Provence France Scotland's Rural College Craibstone Estate Aberdeen UK BIOGECO INRAE University of Bordeaux Cestas France Westman Islands Research Centre University of Iceland Vestmannaeyjar Iceland Qigu Research Center Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute Nantou County Taiwan Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia

Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this gap, we created the Worldwide Soundscapes project, a collaborative network and growing database comprising metadata from 416 datasets across all realms (terrestrial, marine, freshwater and subterranean). Location Worldwide, 12,343 sites, all ecosystem types. Time Period 1991 to present. Major Taxa Studied All soniferous taxa. Methods We synthesise sampling coverage across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using metadata describing sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa and audio recording parameters. We explore global trends in biological, anthropogenic and geophysical sounds based on 168 selected recordings from 12 ecosystems across all realms. Results Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (46 sites per million square kilometre—Mkm 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.3 and 1.8 sites/Mkm 2 in oceans and fresh water) with only two subterranean datasets. Although diel and lunar cycles are well sampled across realms, only marine datasets (55%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across the 12 ecosystems selected for exploring global acoustic trends, biological sounds showed contrasting diel patterns across ecosystems, declined with distance from the Equator, and were negatively correlated with anthropogenic sounds. Main Conclusions PAM can inform macroecological studies as well as global conservation and phenology syntheses, but representation can be improved by expanding terrestrial taxonomic scope, sampling coverage in the high seas and subterranean ecosystems, and spatio-temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, this

关键词： ARU automated sound recorder biodiversity conservation biology ecoacoustics IUCN GET realm Passive Acoustic Monitoring phenology soundscape ecology

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Euclid: Early Release Observations – A preview of the Euclid era through a galaxy cluster magnifying lens

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Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期697卷

作者： Atek, H. Gavazzi, R. Weaver, J.R. Diego, J.M. Schrabback, T. Hatch, N.A. Aghanim, N. Dole, H. Hartley, W.G. Taamoli, S. Congedo, G. Jimenez-Teja, Y. Cuillandre, J.-C. Bañados, E. Belladitta, S. Bowler, R.A.A. Franco, M. Jauzac, M. Mahler, G. Richard, J. Rocci, P.-F. Serjeant, S. Toft, S. Abriola, D. Bergamini, P. Biviano, A. Dimauro, P. Ezziati, M. Golden-Marx, J.B. Grillo, C. Hughes, A.C.N. Kang, Y. Kneib, J.-P. Lombardi, M. Mamon, G.A. McPartland, C.J.R. Meneghetti, M. Miyatake, H. Montes, M. Mortlock, D.J. Oesch, P.A. Okabe, N. Rosati, P. Taylor, A.N. Tarsitano, F. Weller, J. Kluge, M. Laureijs, R. Paltani, S. Saifollahi, T. Schirmer, M. Stone, C. Mora, A. Altieri, B. Amara, A. Andreon, S. Auricchio, N. Baldi, M. Balestra, A. Bardelli, S. Basset, A. Bender, R. Bodendorf, C. Bonino, D. Branchini, E. Brescia, M. Brinchmann, J. Camera, S. Candini, G.P. Capobianco, V. Carbone, C. Cardone, V.F. Carretero, J. Casas, S. Castander, F.J. Castellano, M. Cavuoti, S. Cimatti, A. Conselice, C.J. Conversi, L. Copin, Y. Corcione, L. Courbin, F. Courtois, H.M. Da Silva, A. Degaudenzi, H. Di Giorgio, A.M. Dinis, J. Douspis, M. Dubath, F. Dupac, X. Dusini, S. Ealet, A. Farina, M. Farrens, S. Ferriol, S. Fotopoulou, S. Frailis, M. Franceschi, E. Galeotta, S. Gillard, W. Gillis, B. Giocoli, C. Gómez-Alvarez, P. Grazian, A. Grupp, F. Guzzo, L. Hailey, M. Haugan, S.V.H. Hoar, J. Hoekstra, H. Holliman, M.S. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris UMR 7095 CNRS Sorbonne Université 98 bis boulevard Arago Paris75014 France Aix-Marseille Université CNRS CNES LAM Marseille France Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Instituto de Física de Cantabria Edificio Juan Jordá Avenida de los Castros Santander39005 Spain Universität Innsbruck Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik Technikerstr. 25/8 Innsbruck6020 Austria School of Physics and Astronomy University of Nottingham University Park NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut d’astrophysique spatiale Orsay91405 France Department of Astronomy University of Geneva ch. d’Ecogia 16 Versoix1290 Switzerland Physics and Astronomy Department University of California 900 University Ave. RiversideCA92521 United States Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Royal Observatory Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía Granada18080 Spain Observatorio Nacional Rua General Jose Cristino 77-Bairro Imperial de Sao Cristovao Rio de Janeiro20921-400 Brazil Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Cité CEA CNRS AIM Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 Heidelberg69117 Germany INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna Via Piero Gobetti 93/3 Bologna40129 Italy Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Durham University South Road DH1 3LE United Kingdom Department of Physics Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University South Road DH1 3LE United Kingdom Astrophysics Research Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban4041 South Africa School of

We present the first analysis of the Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) program that targets fields around two lensing clusters, Abell 2390 and Abell 2764. We use imaging data from the Visible instrument (VIS) and the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) to produce photometric catalogs for a total of ∼500 000 objects. The imaging data reach a typical depth of 5 σ in the range 25.1–25.4 AB in the NISP bands and 27.1–27.3 AB in the VIS band. Using the Lyman-break method in combination with photometric redshifts, we searched for high-redshift galaxies. We identified 30 Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidates at z > 6 and 139 extremely red sources (ERSs), most of which likely lie at lower redshift. The VIS imaging is deeper than the NISP imaging, which means that we can routinely identify high-redshift Lyman-break galaxies at about a magnitude of 3, which reduces contamination by brown dwarf stars and low-redshift galaxies. The difficulty of spatially resolving most of these sources in 0′′ . 3 pix−1 imaging means that it is difficult to distinguish between galaxies and quasars. Spectroscopic follow-up campaigns of these bright sources will help us to constrain the bright end of the ultraviolet galaxy luminosity function and the quasar luminosity function at z > 6, and it will constrain the physical nature of these objects. Additionally, we performed a combined strong- and weak-lensing analysis of A2390, and we show that Euclid will contribute to constraining the virial mass of galaxy clusters better. We also identify optical and near-infrared counterparts of known z > 0.6 clusters in these data. These counterparts exhibit strong-lensing features. This establishes that Euclid can characterize high-redshift clusters. Finally, we provide a glimpse of the ability of Euclid to map the intracluster light out to larger radii than current facilities, which enables us to understand the cluster assembly history better and to map the dark matter distribution. This ini

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SPT clusters with DES and HST weak lensing. II. Cosmological constraints from the abundance of massive halos

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physical Review D 2024年第8期110卷 083510页

作者： S. Bocquet S. Grandis L. E. Bleem M. Klein J. J. Mohr T. Schrabback T. M. C. Abbott P. A. R. Ade M. Aguena A. Alarcon S. Allam S. W. Allen O. Alves A. Amon A. J. Anderson J. Annis B. Ansarinejad J. E. Austermann S. Avila D. Bacon M. Bayliss J. A. Beall K. Bechtol M. R. Becker A. N. Bender B. A. Benson G. M. Bernstein S. Bhargava F. Bianchini M. Brodwin D. Brooks L. Bryant A. Campos R. E. A. Canning J. E. Carlstrom A. Carnero Rosell M. Carrasco Kind J. Carretero F. J. Castander R. Cawthon C. L. Chang C. Chang P. Chaubal R. Chen H. C. Chiang A. Choi T-L. Chou R. Citron C. Corbett Moran J. Cordero M. Costanzi T. M. Crawford A. T. Crites L. N. da Costa M. E. S. Pereira C. Davis T. M. Davis J. DeRose S. Desai T. de Haan H. T. Diehl M. A. Dobbs S. Dodelson C. Doux A. Drlica-Wagner K. Eckert J. Elvin-Poole S. Everett W. Everett I. Ferrero A. Ferté A. M. Flores J. Frieman J. Gallicchio J. García-Bellido M. Gatti E. M. George G. Giannini M. D. Gladders D. Gruen R. A. Gruendl N. Gupta G. Gutierrez N. W. Halverson I. Harrison W. G. Hartley K. Herner S. R. Hinton G. P. Holder D. L. Hollowood W. L. Holzapfel K. Honscheid J. D. Hrubes N. Huang J. Hubmayr E. M. Huff D. Huterer K. D. Irwin D. J. James M. Jarvis G. Khullar K. Kim L. Knox R. Kraft E. Krause K. Kuehn N. Kuropatkin F. Kéruzoré O. Lahav A. T. Lee P.-F. Leget D. Li H. Lin A. Lowitz N. MacCrann G. Mahler A. Mantz J. L. Marshall J. McCullough M. McDonald J. J. McMahon J. Mena-Fernández F. Menanteau S. S. Meyer R. Miquel J. Montgomery J. Myles T. Natoli A. Navarro-Alsina J. P. Nibarger G. I. Noble V. Novosad R. L. C. Ogando Y. Omori S. Padin S. Pandey P. Paschos S. Patil A. Pieres A. A. Plazas Malagón A. Porredon J. Prat C. Pryke M. Raveri C. L. Reichardt J. Roberson R. P. Rollins C. Romero A. Roodman J. E. Ruhl E. S. Rykoff B. R. Saliwanchik L. Salvati C. Sánchez E. Sanchez D. Sanchez Cid A. Saro K. K. Schaffer L. F. Secco I. Sevilla-Noarbe K. Sharon E. Sheldon T. Shin C. Sievers G. Smecher M. Smith T. Somboonpanyakul M. Sommer B. Stalder A. A. Stark J. Stephen V. Straz University Observatory Faculty of Physics Universität Innsbruck Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik Technikerstraße 25/8 6020 Innsbruck Austria High-Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Gießenbachstraße 1 85748 Garching Germany Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Auf dem Hügel 71 53121 Bonn Germany Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory Casilla 603 La Serena Chile School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3YB United Kingdom Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro—20921-400 Brazil Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford California 94305 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom School of Physics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 Boulder Colorado 80305 USA Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation University of Portsmouth Portsmouth

We present cosmological constraints from the abundance of galaxy clusters selected via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data with a simultaneous mass calibration using weak gravitational lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The cluster sample is constructed from the combined SPT-SZ, SPTpol ECS, and SPTpol 500d surveys, and comprises 1,005 confirmed clusters in the redshift range 0.25–1.78 over a total sky area of 5200 deg2. We use DES Year 3 weak-lensing data for 688 clusters with redshifts z<0.95 and HST weak-lensing data for 39 clusters with 0.6logical constant. We use the cluster abundance to measure σ8 in five redshift bins between 0.25 and 1.8, and we find the results to be consistent with structure growth as predicted by the ΛCDM model fit to Planck primary CMB data.

关键词： Cosmological parameters Dark energy Large scale structure of the Universe Galaxy clusters

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Population of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves through GWTC-3

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physical Review X 2023年第1期13卷 011048-011048页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu P. F. de Alarcón S. Akcay S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier F. Antonini S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Universitat de les Illes Balears IAC3–IEEC E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli

We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc−3 yr−1 at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to (1+z)κ with κ=2.9−1.8+1.7 for z≲1. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from 1.2−0.2+0.1 to 2.0−0.3+0.3M⊙. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after the expected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out the existence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of 8.3−0.5+0.3 and 27.9−1.8+1.9M⊙. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary’s more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately 60M⊙, which would indicate the presence of a upper mass gap. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below χi≈0.25. While the majority of spins are preferentially aligned wi

关键词： Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detection

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GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the Second Part of the Third Observing Run

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physical Review X 2023年第4期13卷 041039-041039页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith S. Akcay T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer G. S. Cabourn Davies L. Cadonati G. Cagn LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut L

The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15∶00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and 27 March 2020, 17∶00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin pastro>0.5. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with pastro>0.5 are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron-star–black-hole binaries, and we identify none from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates include the first confident observations of neutron-star–black-hole binaries. Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3 contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with pastro>0.5 across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and neutron stars.

关键词： Gravitational waves

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Mycorrhizal symbioses and tree diversity in global forest communities

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Science advances 2025年第24期11卷 eadt5743页

作者： Feng Jiang Xucai Pu Bernhard Schmid Peter B Reich Jingjing Liang Akane O Abbasi Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano Jan Altman Juan Gabriel Álvarez-González Luciana F Alves Bienvenu H K Amani Christian Ammer Gerardo A Aymard Naveen Babu Kanda Meredith L Bastian Jean-Francois Bastin Marijn Bauters Pascal Boeckx Svetlana N Bondarchuk Alexander Bondarev Francis Q Brearley Sophie Brennan Jaime Briseño-Reyes Eben N Broadbent Goran Češljar Han Y H Chen Chelsea Chisholm WookJin Choi Emil Cienciala Connie J Clark Alessio Collalti José Javier Corral-Rivas Javid Ahmad Dar Selvadurai Dayanandan Sergio de-Miguel Ashaq Ahmad Dar Géraldine Derroire Ilija Djordjevic Tran Van Do Jiří Doležal Aurélie Dourdain Teresa Eyre Adandé Belarmain Fandohan Lorenzo Frizzera Roberto Cazzolla Gatti Damiano Gianelle M Socorro González Elizondo Elisa Grieco David J Harris Andy Hector Bruno Hérault Cang Hui Nobuo Imai Andrzej M Jagodziński Chengjun Ji Lin Jiang Carlos A Joly Viktor N Karminov Kuswata Kartawinata Justin N Kassi Elizabeth Kearsley Gunnar Keppel Mohammed Latif Khan Carine Klauberg Kirill A Korznikov Subashree Kothandaraman Florian Kraxner Leonid Krivobokov Dmitry Kucher Amit Kumar Anna Kvashnina Gaia Vaglio Laurin Rodrigo Vieira Leite Moses B Libalah Ekaterina S Lonkina Huicui Lu Shan Luo Yuan Luo Emma Mackintosh Andrew R Marshall Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez Radim Matula William McDonald Ayyappan Narayanan María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda Jagadeesan Naveenkumar Abel Monteagudo Mendoza Stanisław Miścicki Tatyana Moskalyuk Liudmila Mukhortova Sharif A Mukul Gert-Jan Nabuurs Victor J Neldner Radovan Nevenic Anny E N'Guessan Michael Ngugi Alain Paquette Elena I Parfenova Marc Parren Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy Pablo L Peri Sebastian Pfautsch Maria T F Piedade Galina Polyakova Axel Dalberg Poulsen John R Poulsen Hans Pretzsch Mirco Rodeghiero Ervan Rutishauser Purabi Saikia Philippe Saner Dmitry Schepaschenko Jochen Schöngart Eric B Searle Douglas Sheil Zehao Shen Stephanie Shooner Anatoly Shvidenko Carlos A Silva Plinio Si Institute of Ecology and State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure Function and Construction (VegLab) College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China. Remote Sensing Laboratories Department of Geography University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland. Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN 55108 USA. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia. Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Forest Advanced Computing and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (FACAI) Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA. Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK. Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery University of Oxford Oxford UK OX13QY. Spatial Ecology and Conservation (SPEC) Lab Center for Latin American Studies University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA. Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic. Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Lugo Spain. Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA. Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Agroforesterie BP 150 Daloa Ivory Coast. Université Nangui Abrogoua Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Nature 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02 Laboratoire d'Écologie et du Développement durable (LEDD) Abidjian Ivory Coast. Silviculture and Forest Ecology Georg August-University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany. UNELLEZ-Guanare Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) Portuguesa Venezuela. Jardín Botánico de Bogotá José Cele

Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tree species diversity in local communities, which remains to be tested at the global scale. To address this gap, we analyzed global forest inventory data and revealed that the relationship between tree species richness and EcM tree proportion varied along environmental gradients. Specifically, the relationship is more negative at low latitudes and in moist conditions but is unimodal at high latitudes and in arid conditions. The negative association of EcM tree proportion on species diversity at low latitudes and in humid conditions is likely due to more negative plant-soil microbial interactions in these regions. These findings extend our knowledge on the mechanisms shaping global patterns in plant species diversity from a belowground view.

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All-sky, all-frequency directional search for persistent gravitational waves from Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s first three observing runs

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physical Review D 2022年第12期105卷 122001-122001页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane J. Calderón Bustillo J. D. Callaghan T. A. Callis LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut Lumière Matière F-69622 Villeurbanne France De

We present the first results from an all-sky all-frequency (ASAF) search for an anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background using the data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Upper limit maps on broadband anisotropies of a persistent stochastic background were published for all observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo detectors. However, a broadband analysis is likely to miss narrowband signals as the signal-to-noise ratio of a narrowband signal can be significantly reduced when combined with detector output from other frequencies. Data folding and the computationally efficient analysis pipeline, PyStoch, enable us to perform the radiometer map-making at every frequency bin. We perform the search at 3072 HEALPix equal area pixels uniformly tiling the sky and in every frequency bin of width 1/32 Hz in the range 20–1726 Hz, except for bins that are likely to contain instrumental artefacts and hence are notched. We do not find any statistically significant evidence for the existence of narrowband gravitational-wave signals in the analyzed frequency bins. Therefore, we place 95% confidence upper limits on the gravitational-wave strain for each pixel-frequency pair, the limits are in the range (0.030−9.6)×10−24. In addition, we outline a method to identify candidate pixel-frequency pairs that could be followed up by a more sensitive (and potentially computationally expensive) search, e.g., a matched-filtering-based analysis, to look for fainter nearly monochromatic coherent signals. The ASAF analysis is inherently independent of models describing any spectral or spatial distribution of power. We demonstrate that the ASAF results can be appropriately combined over frequencies and sky directions to successfully recover the broadband directional and isotropic results.

关键词： Gravitational wave detection Gravitational waves

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Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run

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physical Review D 2022年第6期105卷 063030-063030页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane J. Calderón Bustillo J. D. Callaghan T. A. Callis LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut Lumière Matière F-69622 Villeurbanne Franc

We present a search for dark photon dark matter that could couple to gravitational-wave interferometers using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run. To perform this analysis, we use two methods, one based on cross-correlation of the strain channels in the two nearly aligned LIGO detectors, and one that looks for excess power in the strain channels of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. The excess power method optimizes the Fourier transform coherence time as a function of frequency, to account for the expected signal width due to Doppler modulations. We do not find any evidence of dark photon dark matter with a mass between mA∼10−14–10−11 eV/c2, which corresponds to frequencies between 10–2000 Hz, and therefore provide upper limits on the square of the minimum coupling of dark photons to baryons, i.e., U(1)B dark matter. For the cross-correlation method, the best median constraint on the squared coupling is ∼1.31×10−47 at mA∼4.2×10−13 eV/c2; for the other analysis, the best constraint is ∼2.4×10−47 at mA∼5.7×10−13 eV/c2. These limits improve upon those obtained in direct dark matter detection experiments by a factor of ∼100 for mA∼[2–4]×10−13 eV/c2, and are, in absolute terms, the most stringent constraint so far in a large mass range mA∼2×10−13–8×10−12 eV/c2.

关键词： Dark matter Gravitational wave detectors

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