Mammography is known as one of the best forms to screen possible breast cancer in women, and recently deep learning models have been developed to assist the radiologist in the diagnosis. However, their lack of interpr...
Mammography is known as one of the best forms to screen possible breast cancer in women, and recently deep learning models have been developed to assist the radiologist in the diagnosis. However, their lack of interpretability has become a significant drawback to their extended use in clinical practice. This paper introduces a novel approach for detecting and localising pathological findings in mammography exams through the use of a EfficientNet-based deep learning model. The model is trained using cropped segments of labelled pathological findings from Vindr Mammography Dataset. Achieving an average F1-score of 72.7 %, and reaching on mass and suspicious calcifications an F1-Score of 79.9 % and 84.5 % respectively. Using this classifier we propose a method to visualise from local information the regions of interest where pathological findings could be present on the complete image. Plus, we describe the limitations regarding area coverage of these patches on the model’s capability of generalization and certainty on its predictions, explaining its functionality.
Psychological stress remains an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality throughout the life course. However, there have been counterintuitive findings reported in previous studies of older persons that exami...
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The chemical screening of an octocoral identifed as Junceella fragilis has led to the isolation of five chlorinated briarane-type diterpenoids, including three known metabolites, gemmacolide X (1), frajunolide I (2), ...
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Introduction: Primary cardiac myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare and aggressive malignancy, with limited treatment options and a high recurrence rate. Multimodal imaging is critical for diagnosis, and surgery remains th...
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Introduction: Primary cardiac myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare and aggressive malignancy, with limited treatment options and a high recurrence rate. Multimodal imaging is critical for diagnosis, and surgery remains the primary treatment, though recurrence is common. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 41-year-old male with history of intermittent chest pain and palpitations. Initial work-up revealed a left atrial mass, which after thorough evaluation with multimodal imaging and histopathological assessment, was diagnosed as a primary cardiac myxofibrosarcoma. Despite complete surgical resection and low-grade histology, recurrence ensued, prompting reintervention and adjuvant radiotherapy. Discussion: Cardiac MFS poses significant diagnostic challenges. Multimodal imaging and immunohistochemistry are key to diagnosis. While surgery is the mainstay of treatment, high recurrence rates necessitate consideration of adjuvant therapies and long-term monitoring. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis of intracardiac masses, as well as reaching a consensus regarding the approach for malignant cardiac tumors.
This study investigated the perceptions of institutional review board (IRB) professionals regarding the use of gender-neutral language in IRB guidance and informed consent documents, and whether respondents’ IRBs inc...
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Double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA are naturally occurring destructive events in all organisms that may lead to genome instability. Cells employ various repair methods known as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), micro...
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Atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NOx) primarily from fuel combustion have recognized acute and chronic health and environmental effects. Machine learning (ML) methods have significantly enhanced our capacity to predict NO...
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Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and has a high prevalence. Insulin-like growth factor-II receptor α (IGF-IIRα) acts as a stress-inducible negative regulator. This study focused...
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CD4+T cells play fundamental roles in orchestrating immune responses and tissue ***,our inability to associate peptide human leukocyte antigen class-II(HLA-II)complexes with their cognate T cell receptors(TCRs)in an u...
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CD4+T cells play fundamental roles in orchestrating immune responses and tissue ***,our inability to associate peptide human leukocyte antigen class-II(HLA-II)complexes with their cognate T cell receptors(TCRs)in an unbiased manner has hampered our understanding of CD4^(+)T cell function and role in ***,we introduce TScan-II,a highly sensitive genome-scale CD4^(+) antigen discovery *** platform seamlessly integrates the endogenous HLA-II antigen-processing machinery in synthetic antigen-presenting cells and TCR signaling in T cells,enabling the simultaneous screening of multiple HLAs and *** genome-scale human,virome,and epitope mutagenesis libraries,TScan-II facilitates de novo antigen discovery and deep exploration of TCR *** demonstrate TScan-II's potential for basic and translational research by identifying a non-canonical antigen for a cancer-reactive CD4^(+)T cell ***,we identified two antigens for clonally expanded CD4^(+)T cells in Sjögren's disease,which bind distinct HLAs and are expressed in HLA-II-positive ductal cells within affected salivary glands.
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