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International Scholarly Research Notices 2013年第1期2013卷

作者： Zaid Abdo Mathew Stein Andrzej Wojtowicz Kim M. Pepin Departments of Statistics University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USAuidaho.edu Department of Mathematics University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USAuidaho.edu Program of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (BCB) University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USAuidaho.edu USDA-ARS South Atlantic Area 950 College Station Road Athens GA 30605-2720 USA Department of Computer Engineering University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USAuidaho.edu Micron Technology Inc. Boise ID 83716 *** Department of Animal Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USAwsu.edu Fogarty International Center National Institutes of Health 31 Center Drive MSC 2220 Bethesda MD 20892-2220 USAfic.nih.gov Department of Biology Colorado State University Campus Delivery 1878 Fort Collins CO 80523 USAcolostate.edu

Microbial evolution is complex and is influenced by many sources of variation. Experimental evolution is no exception, although it is more controlled, easily replicated, and typically devoid of interactions between species. Mathematical modeling of the evolutionary process can help in understanding the underlying mechanisms that drive outcome of such experiments. These models can be complex and parameter rich, limiting their feasibility for statistical inference. In this paper, we introduce the use of Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) as a tool for statistical inference in the study of experimental evolution. ABC is a fast and simple method for fitting complex models to data. We utilize this method, coupled with a mechanistic model of experimental evolution, to study the evolution process of bacteriophage ϕ X174 under benign selection pressure. Our results highlight three mutation-selection scenarios that could explain this process: high mutation/low selection pressure, low mutation/high selection pressure, and low mutation/low selection pressure, with posterior support of 19%, 9.5%, and 71.5% for each of these scenarios, respectively. Sequence data support the first candidate. Though surprising, this scenario was not improbable based on our analysis.

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Cover Picture: The Binding of Fluorophores to Proteins Depends on the Cellular Environment (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 12/2011)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2011年第12期50卷

作者： Dr. Yun Kyung Kim Dr. Jun-Seok Lee Dr. Xuezhi Bi Dr. Hyung-Ho Ha Shin Hui Ng Dr. Young-hoon Ahn Dr. Jae-Jung Lee Dr. Bridget K. Wagner Dr. Paul A. Clemons Prof. Dr. Young-Tae Chang Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Life/Health Division Integrated Omics Center Seoul (Korea) Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development Singapore Bioimaging Consortium A*STAR Biopolis Singapore NUS MedChem Program of the Office of Life Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Pharmacology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD (USA) Chemical Biology Program Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA (USA)

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A boost for the emerging field of RNA nanotechnology report on the First International Conference on RNA nanotechnology

A boost for the emerging field of RNA nanotechnology report ...

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作者： Shukla, Girish C. Haque, Farzin Tor, Yitzhak Wilhelmsson, L. Marcus Toulmé, Jean-Jacques Isambert, Hervé Guo, Peixuan Rossi, John J. Tenenbaum, Scott A. Shapiro, Bruce A. Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Department of Biological Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH 44115 United States Nanobiomedical Center College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45267 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego San Diego CA 92093 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering/Physical Chemistry Chalmers University of Technology Kemivägen 10 SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Universite Bordeaux Segalen INSERM U869 Bâtiment 3A 1er étage 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France Institut Curie Research Division CNRS UMR168 11 rue P. and M. Curie 75005 Paris France Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte CA 91010 United States College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering University at Albany-SUNY Albany NY 12203 United States Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program National Cancer Institute at Frederick Frederick MD 21702 United States

This Nano Focus article highlights recent advances in RNA nanotechnology as presented at the First International Conference of RNA Nanotechnology and Therapeutics, which took place in Cleveland, OH, USA (October 23-25, 2010) (http://***/nanomedicine/RNA2010/), chaired by Peixuan Guo and co-chaired by David Rueda and Scott Tenenbaum. The conference was the first of its kind to bring together more than 30 invited speakers in the frontier of RNA nanotechnology from France, Sweden, South Korea, China, and throughout the United States to discuss RNA nanotechnology and its applications. It provided a platform for researchers from academia, government, and the pharmaceutical industry to share existing knowledge, vision, technology, and challenges in the field and promoted collaborations among researchers interested in advancing this emerging scientific discipline. The meeting covered a range of topics, including biophysical and single-molecule approaches for characterization of RNA nanostructures;structure studies on RNA nanoparticles by chemical or biochemical approaches, computation, prediction, and modeling of RNA nanoparticle structures;methods for the assembly of RNA nanoparticles;chemistry for RNA synthesis, conjugation, and labeling;and application of RNA nanoparticles in therapeutics. A special invited talk on the well-established principles of DNA nanotechnology was arranged to provide models for RNA nanotechnology. An Administrator from National Institutes of health (NIH) National Cancer Institute (NCI) Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer discussed the current nanocancer research directions and future funding opportunities at NCI. As indicated by the feedback received from the invited speakers and the meeting participants, this meeting was extremely successful, exciting, and informative, covering many groundbreaking findings, pioneering ideas, and novel discoveries. © 2011 American Chemical Society.

关键词： RNA

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Telehealth tools for public health, emergency, or disaster preparedness and response: A summary report

Telehealth tools for public health, emergency, or disaster p...

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作者： Alverson, Dale C. Edison, Karen Flournoy, Larry Korte, Brenda Magruder, Charles Miller, Craig Center for Telehealth and Cybermedicine Research University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center 1005 Columbia NE Albuquerque NM 87106 United States Department of Dermatology University of Missouri Columbia MI United States Texas AandM University College Station TX United States National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Federal Health Architecture Program Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda MD United States

Rapid advances in telehealth development and adoption are increasing the spectrum of information and communication technologies that can be applied not only to individual patient care but more broadly to population health as well. Participants in this breakout session were asked to address, from their diverse perspectives, a series of questions relating to the current and potential uses of telehealth applications and networks for public health and emergency/disaster preparedness and response systems. Participants identified several gaps in current understanding and research emphasis. There is a clear need for more and larger outcome studies to assess the impact and cost benefit of telehealth applications in terms of improving public health at the population and community levels. In addition, more research is needed to demonstrate the ability of telehealth tools and technologies to facilitate and extend the reach of major national clinical and public health research initiatives. Perhaps most importantly, the National Institutes of health should develop and/or strengthen strategic partnerships with other funding agencies with overlapping or complementary interests to accelerate interdisciplinary research in this rapidly evolving but relatively understudied and complex field. © 2010 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

关键词： Telemedicine

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The Binding of Fluorophores to Proteins Depends on the Cellular Environment†

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Angewandte Chemie 2011年第12期123卷

作者： Yun Kyung Kim Jun‐Seok Lee Xuezhi Bi Hyung‐Ho Ha Shin Hui Ng Young‐hoon Ahn Jae‐Jung Lee Bridget K. Wagner Paul A. Clemons Young‐Tae Chang Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore 11754 (Singapore) Fax: (+65) 6779‐6591 http://ytchang.science.nus.edu.sg Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Life/Health Division Integrated Omics Center Seoul (Korea) Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development Singapore Bioimaging Consortium A*STAR Biopolis Singapore NUS MedChem Program of the Office of Life Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Pharmacology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD (USA) Chemical Biology Program Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA (USA)

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Titelbild: The Binding of Fluorophores to Proteins Depends on the Cellular Environment (Angew. Chem. 12/2011)

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Angewandte Chemie 2011年第12期123卷

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Strengthening the reporting of Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies (GRIPS): Explanation and elaboration

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Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2011年第8期64卷 e1-e22页

作者： Janssens, A. Cecile J.W. Ioannidis, John P.A. Bedrosian, Sara Boffetta, Paolo Dolan, Siobhan M. Dowling, Nicole Fortier, Isabel Freedman, Andrew N. Grimshaw, Jeremy M. Gulcher, Jeffrey Gwinn, Marta Hlatky, Mark A. Janes, Holly Kraft, Peter Melillo, Stephanie Pencina, Michael J. Ransohoff, David Schully, Sheri D. Seminara, Daniela Winn, Deborah M. Wright, Caroline F. Van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center 3000 CA Rotterdam PO Box 2040 Netherlands Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology University of Ioannina School of Medicine Ioannina Greece Biomedical Research Institute Foundation for Research and Technology Ioannina Greece Department of Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA United States Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Modeling and Tufts CTSI Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies Tufts Medical Center Boston MA United States Stanford Prevention Research Center Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA United States Office of Public Health Genomics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Tisch Cancer Institute Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York NY United States International Prevention Research Institute Lyon France Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY United States Public Population Project in Genomics (P3G) Montreal QC Canada Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa ON Canada Department of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada DeCODE Genetics Reykjavik Iceland Department of Health Research and Policy Stanford University Palo Alto CA United States Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute Division of Public Health Sciences Seattle WA United States Department of Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA United States National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study Framingham MA United States Cardiology Division Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Biostatistics Boston University Boston MA United S

The rapid and continuing progress in gene discovery for complex diseases is fuelling interest in the potential application of genetic risk models for clinical and public health practice. The number of studies assessing the predictive ability is steadily increasing, but they vary widely in completeness of reporting and apparent quality. Transparent reporting of the strengths and weaknesses of these studies is important to facilitate the accumulation of evidence on genetic risk prediction. A multidisciplinary workshop sponsored by the Human Genome Epidemiology Network developed a checklist of 25 items recommended for strengthening the reporting of Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies (GRIPS), building on the principles established by prior reporting guidelines. These recommendations aim to enhance the transparency, quality and completeness of study reporting, and thereby to improve the synthesis and application of information from multiple studies that might differ in design, conduct or analysis.

关键词： AUC Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve CONSORT Consolidated Standard of Reporting Trials dbGaP Database of Genotype and Phenotype EQUATOR Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research GAIN Genetic Association Information Network GRIPS Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies HuGENet Human Genome Epidemiology Network IDI Integrated Discrimination Improvement MeSH Medical Subject Headings REMARK Guidelines for Reporting of tumor MARKer studies SNP single nucleotide polymorphism STARD STAndards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy STREGA STrenghtening the REporting of Genetic Association studies STROBE Strengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology

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Evaluation Strategies for Midwifery Education Linked to Digital Media and Distance Delivery technology

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Journal of Midwifery & Women's health 2010年第6期48卷

作者： Judith T. Fullerton CNM, phd Henry T. Ingle phd Judith T. Fullerton CNM PhD FACNM is professor in the College of Health Sciences School of Nursing University of Texas at El Paso. Dr. Fullerton has special expertise in the field of measurement and evaluation and teaches this topic online via the UT Telecampus. Henry T. Ingle PhD is Professor and Associate Academic Affairs Vice President for Technology Planning and Distance Learning at the University of Texas at El Paso where he is responsible for program policy development and implementation of technology-based alternative instructional delivery systems.

The goal of the teaching and learning process for health professionals is the acquisition of a fundamental core of knowledge, the demonstration of critical thinking ability, and the demonstration of competency in the performance of clinical skills. Teaching and learning in distance education programs require that the administration, teachers, and students be creative in developing evaluation strategies that can be adapted to the challenges of the cyberspace on-line educational environment. Evaluation standards for distance education programs recently have been delineated by federal agencies, private organizations, and academic accreditation associations. These standards are linked to principles of sound education practice that promote program quality, high levels of student-faculty interaction, and support effective teaching and learning in the distance education context. A growing body of evidence supports the conclusion that technology-enhanced teaching is equivalent in effectiveness compared with traditional methods when student-learning outcomes are the focus of measurement. An allied body of literature offers model approaches that can be useful to educators who must also conduct the evaluation of clinical skills, provide feedback, and promote socialization to the nurse-midwifery/midwifery role for students being educated in whole or in part through instruction delivered at a distance.

关键词： distance education midwifery education evaluation assessment clinical competencies

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CEU: Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage: New Advances for Low-Resource Settings

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Journal of Midwifery & Women's health 2010年第4期49卷

作者： Suellen Miller CNM, phd Felicia Lester MPH, MS Paul Hensleigh md, phd Suellen Miller RN CNM MHA PhD is Director of Safe Motherhood Programs the Women's Global Health Imperative University of California San Francisco Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Adjunct Assistant Professor University of California Berkeley School of Public Health Maternal and Child Health Program. Dr. Miller is researching postpartum hemorrhage prevention and treatment in Egypt Nigeria Mexico and Tibet. Felicia Lester is a student in the UCB/UCSF Joint Medical Program through which she received an MPH in Maternal and Child Health and an MS in Health and Medical Sciences. She is currently doing clinical rotations at UCSF and will receive her MD in 2005. Paul Hensleigh MD PhD served on the faculty of the Stanford University Medical School Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics from 1977 to 2000. During this time he also was Chief of Obstetrics at the Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San Jose California. Since his early retirement he has worked in Pakistan Macedonia Albania Mexico Nigeria and South Korea.

Postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony is the primary direct cause of maternal mortality globally. Management strategies in developed countries involve crystalloid fluid replacement, blood transfusions, and surgery. These definitive therapies are often not accessible in developing countries. Long transports from home or primary health care facilities, a dearth of skilled providers, and lack of intravenous fluids and/or a safe blood supply often create long delays in instituting appropriate treatment. We review the evidence for active management of third-stage labor and for the use of specific uterotonics. New strategies to prevent and manage postpartum hemorrhage in developing countries, such as community-based use of misoprostol, oxytocin in the Uniject delivery system, the non-inflatable antishock garment to stabilize and resuscitate hypovolemic shock, and the balloon condom catheter to treat intractable uterine bleeding are reviewed. New directions for clinical and operations research are suggested.

关键词： mortality maternal postpartum hemorrhage oxytocics hypovolemia misoprostol

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Author Response

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Physical Therapy 2009年第4期89卷 394-395页

作者： George, Steven Z Beneciuk, Jason M Bishop, Mark D SZ George PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy Brooks Center for Rehabilitation Studies Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health University of Florida Gainesville FL 32610-0154 (USA). JM Beneciuk PT DPT FAAOMPT is currently enrolled in the Rehabilitation Sciences Doctoral Program Department of Physical Therapy University of Florida. MD Bishop PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Florida.

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